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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 老师学习必备欢迎下载授课时间年月日点龙文训练个性化辅导教案同学授课层次授课课题课型1、学问目标：教学目标 2、才能目标：教学重点 1、重点：和难点 2、难点：教学内容：动 词 不 定 式 不定式： to + 动词原形学问梳理：提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点！动词不定式的基本形式是“ to + 动词原形 ”,有时可以不带 to；动词不定式（或不定式短语）没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语；动词不定式仍可保留动词的特点,即可以有自己的宾语和状语；动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语；如： to read the newspaper, to spe
2、ak at the meeting 等 动词不定式具出名词、形容词和副词的特点,因此在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语：句法作用 例 句作宾语 She wanted to borrowed my radio. They began to read and write.作状语 She went to see her grandma last Sunday .He came to give us a talk yesterday.作宾语补足语Lucy asked him to turn off the radio. She asked me to speak more loud
3、ly Jim told Ling Feng to go home at once .The father made his son study hard.作定语 Have you got anything to say.I had something to eat this morning .作主语 To learn a foreign language is not easy. 注：作主语用的动词不定式经常为it 替代,动词不定式（或短语）放在后面；例如：It is not easy to learn a foreign language. It took us three days to
4、do the work.动词不定式的否定形式由“ not+动词不定式 ”构成 . 如: Tell him not to be late.The policeman told the boys not to play in the street.名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载4 不定式省去 to 的情形 : 在感官动词 see,watch,look at,hear, listen to,feel 和使役 动词 make,have,let 等所接的宾语中（不定式做宾语不足语）,不定式应省去 to；
5、但 是在被动语态中不能省；如：Let me listen to you sing the song. He watched his son play computer games. I saw him run away.-He was seen to run away. The boss make the workers work the whole night.-The workers were made to work the whole night. 5 动词不定式和疑问词连用动词不定式可以和疑问词what ,which, how, where, when 等连用,构成不定式短语； 如：
6、The question is when to start. I don t know where to go .He showed me how to use a computer. What to do is a big problem. 例题解析：举一反三,学的更轻松！翻译以下句子,说出句中不定式的作用：1. To grow plants is very important. 2. It is so nice to hear your voice. 3. My dream is to be a pilot. 4. He began to read and write at the age
7、 of five. 5. The teacher asked me to speak more loudly. 6. Tom came to see me last night. 7. I am glad to see you. 8.Have you got anything to say. 9.There are many places to see in China. 10.I asked him not to open the window. 11. I dont know what to buy for you.12. I saw him dance. 13. He often hel
8、ps me clean the room. 14. They are too shy to speak English. 15. He was lucky enough to find his watch. 16. I want you to go there together with me. 解析： 1、To grow plants 做主语； 2、to hear your voice做主语； 3、to be a pilot 作表语；4、to read and write作宾语；5、to speak more loudly作宾语补足语； 6、to see me作状语；7、to see you
9、作状语； 8、to say作定语； 9、to see作定语； 10、not to open the window 作宾语补足语； 11、what to buy 作宾语； 12、dance作宾语补足语（省略 to）；13、clean the room 作宾语补足语（省略to）； 14、to speak English作状语； 15、to find his watch作状语； 16、to go there together with me作宾语补足语；练习与巩固：熟能生巧,取得好成果！挑选正确答案填空：1. Tell him _ the light. A. to turn B. not to tu
10、rn on C. to not turn D. not to turn 2. It took us more than two hours _ the dinner. 名师归纳总结 A. prepare B. preparing C. to prepare D. to be prepared 第 2 页,共 12 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载3. We felt the earth _. A. move B. moveing C. to move D. be moved 4. The students were made _
11、the text ten times. A. read B. reading C. to read D. to be read 5. The chair looks rather hard _, but in fact it is very comfortable. A. to sit B. to sit on C. sitting D. sit 6. Nobody knows _next. A. what to do B. to do what C. which to do D. how to do 7. It is very important _ us _these words. A.
12、to, to remember B. for, to remember C. for, remember D. for, remembering 8. _ English well, one must have a lot practice. A. For speaking B. Speaking C. To speak D. Speak 9. Im going to the library _ the books.A. return B. borrow C. to return D. to lend 10. We went to town _ some shopping. A. doing
13、B. did C. to make D. to do 11. The funny story _ me laugh. A. make B. making C. to make D. made 12. After the final exam, I think all the students want _. A. stop to have a rest B. to stop having a rest C. to stop to have a rest D. stopping to have a rest 13. It is very kind _ you to help me with my
14、 housework. It is hard _me to do all the work. A. of, for B. for, of C. of, to D. to, for 14. Many people think it very difficult _ English. A. to say B. to learn C. speak D. for speaking 15. The teacher asked the students _ her _ the word again. A. listen to; to read B. to hear; say C. to listen to
15、; speak D. to listen to; pronounce 16.Remember _ the book here tomorrow. A. bring B. to bring C. take D. to take 17. -Lets have a rest, shall we. - Not now. I dont want to stop _ the letter yet. A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write 18. -This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me
16、_, Wang Lin. - Sure. A. what to work it out B. what to work out it C. how to work it out D. how to work out it 19.- How can I improve my spoken English. - You have to practise _ as much as you can. A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak 20. - How about going hiking this weekend. - Sorry. I prefe
17、r _ rather than _. A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at home 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载C. staying at home, go out D. going out, stay at home 1-5 BBACB 6-10 ABCCD 11-15 DCABD 16-20 BCCBA 非谓语动词一.定义：非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,即动词的非谓语形式；约占中考10%；二.分类：动词不定式、 v-i
18、ng 形式和过去分词；1. 动词不定式 1构成： not to do / not do 2句法功能：（1）作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 特别钟之内完成这项工作是很难 的；To lose your heart means failure. 灰心愿味着失败；动词不定式短语作主语时,常用 例如上面两句可用如下形式：it 作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 特别钟之内完成这项工作是很难 的；It means failure t
19、o lose your heart. 灰心愿味着失败；常用句式：It+be+名词 +to do sth. It takes sb.+some time+to do sth. It+be+ 形容词 +of /forsb +to do sth. 常用 careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise,等表示颂扬或批判的形容词,不定式前的sb.可作其规律主语；区分：当使用 for 时,句中形容词修饰的是不定式；It s necessary for you to study har
20、d .（necessary 修饰 to study hard,表示学习努力是有必要的）而用 of 时,句中形容词修饰规律主语；It s foolish of him to do it .（ foolish 修饰规律主语 him）（2）作表语：Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作是打扫大厅；seem作连系动词,其后的 to be 不定式可省；She seems to be ill today.= She seems ill.= It seems that she is ill. （3）作宾语：常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, off
21、er, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, I hope to get good grades. I want to help you. 留意：假如不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语,就用 式）后置,放在宾语补足语后面；I found it difficult to learn math well. 动词不定式也可充当介词宾语；it 作形式宾语,真正的宾语（不定I have no choice but to stay here. 我只能留在这里,别无挑选；名师归纳总结 - - - - -
22、 - -第 4 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike. 他上周日除了修他的自行车什么也没干；动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用；He gave us some advice on how to learn English. 他给了我们一些学英语的建议；（4）作宾语补足语：在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语：want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persu
23、ade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite. 有些动词如 make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有 to 的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时,不定式要加 to,I saw him cross the road. （5）作定语：He was seen to cross the road. 动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后；He found a good house to live in. （6）作状语：表目的：链；了；事；He worked day and nigh
24、t to get the money. 他夜以继日地工作来赚钱；She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 她卖掉了自己的头发来买那条表表结果 往往是与预期愿望相反的结果 意料之外 ,常位于句尾；He arrived late only to find the train had gone. 他来晚了,只见火车已经走I visited him only to find him out. 我去拜望他,只见他出去了；表缘由： hey were very sad to hear the news. 他们听到这条新闻特别难过；表程度：Its too dark f
25、or us to see anything. 太暗了,我们什么也看不见；表条件：不定式表条件常位于句首；To be heated, liquid will change into gas. 假如受热,液体就会变成气体；表方式 :不定式可接在 as if / as though 之后He moved his mouth as if to say something. 他嘴唇动了动,似乎要说什么（7）不定式做独立成分To tell you the truth, I dont like it. 告知你实话,我不喜爱它；（8）不定式的省略：保留 to 省略 do 动词；做；If you dont wa
26、nt to do it, you dont need to. 假如你不想做这件事,你就不必（9）不定式的并列：其次个不定式可省略 to；He wished to study medicine and become a doctor. 他期望学医并成为医生；2.v-ing 形式 1）分类： v-ing 形式包括现在分词和动名词,2）句法功能：（1）作主语：Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载（2）作表语：In the an
27、t city, the queens job is laying eggs. 在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵；（3）作宾语：They havent finished building the dam. 他们仍没有建好大坝；要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid, excuse, delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit（承认）,deny（否认） , mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk（冒险） , appreciate（感谢） , be busy, be w
28、orth, feel like, cant stand, cant help（情不自禁地） , think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent from,keep from, stop （from）,protect from, spend in, succeed in, be used to, look forward to, pay attention to, insist on, （4）作定语：Is there a swimming pool in your school. 3.过去分词 1）构成： -ed 2）句法功能：（ 1）做定语你们学校有游泳池吗？O
29、ur class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行；（ 2）做宾语补足语I heard the song sung several times last week. 上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次；（ 3）做表语怕；They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前凄惨的景象感到很害留意： 1.有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别 1）forget to do 遗忘要去做某事（此事未做）forget doing遗忘做过某事（此事已做过或已发生）2）stop to do 停
30、止、中断（某件事）,目的是去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事 3）remember to do 记住去做某事（未做）remember doing记得做过某事 已做 4 regret to do对要做的事遗憾 regret doing对做过的事遗憾、懊悔 5）try to do 尽全力,努力做某事 try doing 尝试做某事 6 mean to do准备,有意要 mean doing意味着 7）go on to do 继而（去做另外一件事情）go on doing 连续（原先没有做完的事情）8）propose to do 准备（要做某事）proposing doing建议（做
31、某事）名师归纳总结 9 learn to do 学着去做某事第 6 页,共 12 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载learn doing 学会做某事10 cant help to do 不能帮忙做某事cant help doing 情不自禁做某事11 used to do 过去做某事be used to doing 习惯做某事12）e /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示详细行为； +doing sth 表示抽象、倾向概念（注假如这些动词前有should一词,其后宾语只跟不定式,不能跟动名词；I should
32、like to see him tomorrow13）need, want, deserve +动名词表被动意义； The room needs cleaning. +不定式被动态表示 “ 要修、清理等 ”意思；2.常考句式：1） see/watch/notice/hear/find sb. doing sth. 强调动作正在进行 see/watch/notice/hear/find sb. to do sth. 强调动作发生的事实 2 keep sb. doing sth. 让某人做某事 3） finish doing sth. 做完某事 4） spend time/money in doi
33、ng sth. 花费时间 /金钱做某事 5） have difficulty/trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难 6） how/what about doing sth. 做某事怎么样？（提建议）【模拟题】一依据句意,用所给动词的适当形式填空；1. Is it necessary _learn a foreign language. 2. He is good at _swim. 3. Do you have anything _say for yourself. 4. Its spring now. its time _plant trees.5. Don t keep me
34、 _wait for a long time.6. The policeman told the boys not _play in the street. 7. Her son is too young _dress himself. 8. Lets _have a rest, shall we.9. The speaker spoke too quickly for us _understand. 10. The little boy is not old enough_read. 11. I asked him _show me his new pen. 12. Knives are u
35、sed for _cut things. ”13. I really dont know what _do next.14. I often hear people _say “ _see is_believe15. You d better _try this medicine.16. They said they had nothing _worry about. 17. Can you finish _read the book in three days. 18. The doctor was busy _operate on the boy at that time. 19. _te
36、ll you the truth, I dislike making friends with him. 20. Stop _talk and listen to me carefully. 名师归纳总结 21. Thank you very much for _help us. 第 7 页,共 12 页22. Granny is very ill and she doesnt feel like _eat anything.- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载23. Would you like _climb the mountain
37、 with me. 24. The girl enjoys _listen to light music. 25.We couldn t help _laugh after we heard the funny story.26. What about _go out for a walk. II 挑选填空；1. Would you please _ the door for me. A. holding B. not to hold C. hold D held 2. Seeing an old man getting off the train, she hurried over _ th
38、ings for him. A. carrying B. to carry C. carried D. for carrying 3. Wed really like you _ to the party tonight.A.come B. to come C. will come D. should come 4. We can do nothing but _ the experiment. A.to repeat B repeat C. repeating D. repeated 5. Have you got any thing _ about this matter. A. sayi
39、ng B. to say C said D. say 6. He was not _ try it again. A. such a fool as to B. so a fool as to C. a fool such as to D. a fool so as to 7. He was too excited _. A. to go to sleeping B. to slept C. to go to sleep D. going to sleep 8. We cant have him _ like that all day.A.to work B. working C. to be
40、 worked D. work 9.She were often heard _ this song when she was happy. A. sang B singing C. sung D. to be singing 10.The train was seen _ at a very high speed toward the industrial center. A.travel B. travels C. traveled D. traveling 11.We ll soon have a person _ with us.A. to work B. working C. wor
41、ked D works 12._ has not been decided yet. ATo start when B. Why to start C. When to start D. Start to where 13. Do you think it difficult _. A. for me to do so B. for my to do so C. for I to do so D. for me doing so 14. She keeps telling us _. A. what to do B. doing what C. what is doing D. do what
42、 15. _ is not known. A. Whom to begin the running test C. When the running test begin 16. _ the job alone is impossible. B. When to begin the running test D. How begin to the running test A.To him to do B. For him doing C For him to do D. For he to do 17. _ it should be made clear. A What to do B. W
43、hy to do C Whom to do D When can do 18.Our house needs _ before the rainy season arrives. 名师归纳总结 A. to repair B. to be repair C. repaired D. repairing 第 8 页,共 12 页19.I havent decided which hotel _.A. to stay B. is to stay at C. to stay at D. is for staying - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载20.I was almost asleep when I heard someone _ a