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1、学英语简朴吗？肯定会有许多学生说：“难死了”。为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢？答案只有一个：“不得法。” 英语与汉语同样都是一种语言，为什么你说汉语会如此流利？那是由于你置身于一个汉语环境中，假如你在伦敦呆上半年，保准说起英语来会非常流利。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境，那么你可以自己设立一个英语环境，坚持“多说”、“多听”、“多读”、“多写”，那么你的英语成绩肯定会很杰出。 一、多“说”。 自己多发明机会与英语教师多讲英语，见了同学，特别是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去问候，谈心情这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典，碰到生词时查一下这些生词，也不用刻意去记，用的多了，这个单词自然而
2、然就会记住。千万别把学英语当成承担，始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。 或许你有机会碰上外国人，你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼，和他谈天气、谈风景、谈学校只是别问及他的年纪，婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇，句子去和他谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。由于他和你交谈时会用许多简朴词汇，并且不太看重说法，你只要发音准确，准能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信心，敢于表达自己的思想。 假如没有合适的伙伴也没关系，你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象，对它谈你一天的所见所闻，谈你的快乐，你的悲哀等等，长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大的提高。 二、多“听” 寻找一切可以听英
3、语的机会。别人用英语交谈时，你应当大胆地去参与，多听听各种各样人的发音，男女老少，节奏快的慢的你都应当接触到，假如这样的机会少的话，你可以选择你不知内容的文章去听，这将会对你帮助很大，而你去听学过的课文的磁带，那将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。 三、多“读”。 “读”可以分为两种。一种是“默读”。天天给予一定期间的练习将会对你提高阅读速度有很大的好处，读的内容可以是你的课本，但最佳是一些有趣的小读物，由于现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理解限度有很大关系，所以通过高中三年阅读的训练后，你必然会在高考中胜券在握。 另一种是“朗读”这是学语言必不可少的一种学习途
4、径。 四、多“写” 有的同学总是抱怨时间紧，主线没时间写作文。其实“写”的形式很多，不一定就写作文才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情，或当天学了某一个词组，你可以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法，又可以锻炼你的写作能力，比如学“wish”一词时，可写一小段如下： The teacher often asks us what we want to be in the future.My good friend Tom wishes to be a soldier.However,Im different .I wish I were a teach
5、er in the future.But my mother wishes me to be a doctor. 只几句话：但wish的几种用法已跃然纸上，这样写下来印象会深刻得多，这样比死记硬背wish的用法也有趣轻松的多。 学习英语不用花大块的时间，10分钟的散步可以练说,吃完饭后可以读一会儿英语小说，睡前听几分钟英语，可以使你得到更好地休息只要你天天抽出一些时间来练英语，你的英语成绩肯定会不久提高的。 背英语单词技巧 1、循环记忆法 艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线 人的大脑是一个记忆的宝库，人脑经历过的事物，思考过的问题，体验过的情感和情绪，练习过的动作，都可以成为人们记忆的内容。例如英文的学习中单词
6、、短语和句子，甚至文章的内容都是通过记忆完毕的。从记到忆是有个过程的，这其中涉及了识记、保持、再认和回忆。有很多 人在学习英语的过程中，只注重了学习当时的记忆效果，孰不知，要想做好学习的记忆工作，是要下一番工夫的，单纯的注重当时的记忆效果，而忽视了后期的保持和再认同样是达不到良好的效果的。 在信息的解决上，记忆是对输入信息的编码、贮存和提取的过程，从信息解决的角度上，英文的第一次学习和背诵只是一个输入编码的过程。人的记忆的能力从生理上讲是十分惊人的，它可以存贮1015比特(byte，字节)的信息，可是每个人的记忆宝库被挖掘的只占10%，尚有更多的记忆发挥空间。这是由于，有些人只关注了记忆的当时
7、效果，却忽视了记忆中的更大的问题-即记忆的牢固度问题，那就牵涉到心理学中常说的关于记忆遗忘的规律。 一、艾宾浩斯记忆规律曲线解释 德国有一位著名的心理学家名叫艾宾浩斯(Hermann Ebbinghaus，1850-1909)，他在1885年发表了他的实验报告后，记忆研究就成了心理学中被研究最多的领域之一，而艾宾浩斯正是发现记忆遗忘规律的第一人。 根据我们所知道的，记忆的保持在时间上是不同的，有短时的记忆和长时的记忆两种。而我们平时的记忆的过程是这样的： 输入的信息在通过人的注意过程的学习后，便成为了人的短时的记忆，但是假如不通过及时的复习，这些记住过的东西就会遗忘，而通过了及时的复习，这些短
8、时的记忆就会成为了人的一种长时的记忆，从而在大脑中保持着很长的时间。那么，对于我们来讲，如何才叫做遗忘呢，所谓遗忘就是我们对于曾经记忆过的东西不能再认起来，也不能回忆起来，或者是错误的再认和错误的回忆，这些都是遗忘。艾宾浩斯在做这个实验的时候是拿自己作为测试对象的，他得出了一些关于记忆的结论。他选用了一些主线没故意义的音节，也就是那些不能拼出单词来的众多字母的组合，比如asww，cfhhj，ijikmb，rfyjbc等等。他通过对自己的测试，得到了一些数据。 然后，艾宾浩斯又根据了这些点描绘出了一条曲线，这就是非常有名的揭示遗忘规律的曲线：艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线，图中竖轴表达学习中记住的知识数量，横
9、轴表达时间(天数)，曲线表达记忆量变化的规律。 这条曲线告诉人们在学习中的遗忘是有规律的，遗忘的进程不是均衡的，不是固定的一天丢掉几个，转天又丢几个的，而是在记忆的最初阶段遗忘的速度不久，后来就逐渐减慢了，到了相称长的时候后，几乎就不再遗忘了，这就是遗忘的发展规律，即先快后慢的原则。观测这条遗忘曲线，你会发现,学得的知识在一天后，如不抓紧复习,就只剩下本来的25%)。随着时间的推移,遗忘的速度减慢，遗忘的数量也就减少。有人做过一个实验，两组学生学习一段课文，甲组在学习后不久进行一次复习，乙组不予复习，一天后甲组保持98%，乙组保持56%；一周后甲组保持83%，乙组保持33%。乙组的遗忘平均值比
10、甲组高。 二、不同性质材料有不同的遗忘曲线 并且，艾宾浩斯还在关于记忆的实验中发现，记住12个无意义音节，平均需要反复16.5次；为了记住36个无意义章节，需反复54次；而记忆六首诗中的480个音节，平均只需要反复8次！这个实验告诉我们，凡是理解了的知识，就能记得迅速、全面而牢固。不然，愣是死记硬背，那也是费力不讨好的。因此，比较容易记忆的是那些故意义的材料，而那些无意义的材料在记忆的时候比较费力气，在以后回忆起来的时候也很不轻松。因此，艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线是关于遗忘的一种曲线，并且是对无意义的音节而言，对于与其他材料的对比，艾宾浩斯又得出了不同性质材料的不同遗忘曲线，但是他们大体上都是一致的。
11、因此，艾宾浩斯的实验向我们充足证实了一个道理，学习要勤于复习，并且记忆的理解效果越好，遗忘的也越慢。 三、不同的人有不同的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线-个性化的艾宾浩斯 上述的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线是艾宾浩斯在实验室中通过了大量测试后，产生了不同的记忆数据，从而生成的一种曲线，是一个具有共性的群体规律。此记忆曲线并不考虑接受实验个人的个性特点，而是寻求一种处在平衡点的记忆规律。 但是记忆规律可以具体到我们每个人，由于我们的生理特点、生活经历不同，也许导致我们有不同的记忆习惯、记忆方式、记忆特点。规律对于自然人改造世界的行为，只能起一个催化的作用，假如与每个人的记忆特点相吻合，那么就如顺水扬帆，一日千里；假如与个
12、人记忆特点相悖，记忆效果则会大打折扣。因此，我们要根据每个人的不同特点，寻找到属于自己的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线 2如何学英语 下定决心，坚持不懈 英语学习作为一门语言技能，通过大量的训练和练习任何人是可以掌握的。一般地说，英语学习的原则是听、说领先，读、写跟上。李扬的疯狂英语提倡，一方面建立起我能学好英语的信心，然后以句子为单位，大量地模仿，疯狂地操练，大声地朗读，最后达成自如地说英语，他的方法对提高说英语的能力很奏效。钟道隆专家45岁开始学英语，一年后，学成出国当口语翻译，并发明了逆苦恼、逆急于求成、逆速成的逆向学习英语的方法。他还提出学习英语要遵循听、写、说、背、想的方法，他的方法强调以听为主，
13、并且把所听到的内容所有写下来。特别是他的学习精神最可佳，他学习英语用坏了十几台录音机，你可想象他听了多少英语；用完的圆珠笔芯几乎装满了一个一拉罐，你可想象他写了多少，在一年半内，累计业余学习英语时间大约三千小时，也就说天天抽出几个小时来学英语。假如我们做到他那样，一定也能学好英语。最重要的是坚持，只要能下定决心，坚持天天至少一个小时的学习英语，战胜自我最后肯定会有收获的。 注意方法，循序渐进 决心下定，还注意学习方法，有时根据自己的情况和不同的学习目的，选择不同的学习方法，但是学习英语一定要踏踏实实地、一步一个脚印地走。要把基础知识掌握好，也就是说，发音要对的、基本词汇要掌握牢、基本句式要纯熟
14、、基本语法要会用。 （1）要过好语音关。把每一个音标发对的，注意改正有问题的音素，特别是那些容易混淆的音素，尽早地掌握国际音标，并尽量的掌握一些读音规则，尽快地能运用读音规则来拼单词，掌握读音规则对单词的记忆和拼写非常有用。 （2）掌握一定数量的英语单词。对于学习者来说掌握英语词汇是一难关，学习单词要从单词的形、音、义这三方面去掌握，要注意单词的一词多义，一词多类的用法，要学会一些构词法的知识，来扩展词汇量。学习单词要在语言材料中去学，要结合词组，通过句子，阅读文章来活记单词，死记的单词是记不牢的。坚持在读、说前，先反复听，听的时候反映单词、句子的意思和节奏，想一下单词的拼法、句子结构。并要同
15、学习语法规则有机结合起来进行。 （3）掌握好基本语法。语法在学习英语中也很重要，它能帮助我们把握住英语的基本规律，通过例句或语言现象把死的语法规则要记住，活的规则要通过做大量的练习掌握。总之学习英语要通过听、说、读、写、译来进行操练，不仅要注意数量，更重要的是要注意质量，特别是基本知识要掌握的准确，纯熟。只有通过大量的实践，才干做到熟能生巧，运用自如。 提前预习，有的放矢 作为学生，在每次上课前，都要对要学的课文提前预习。一方面在音标的帮助下试着拼读单词，也可以借助配套磁带反复听，对比一下，把握不准的要标出来，注意上课老师的发音，还要记一下单词的汉语意思和词性。借助课文的注释或辅导材料，预习一
16、遍课文，找出不明白的地方，做到心中有数，在教师讲课时注意听这些地方。总之，预习的目的是熟悉要学的内容，找出不明白的地方，带着问题听课，做到有的放矢。 认真听课，积极配合 课堂是老师与学生一起学习、掌握、运用知识的重要场合。作为起主导作用的老师一方引导学生搞好课堂教学是很必要的，但也需要学习者的积极配合。上课要专心听讲、作好笔记、认真操练、积极思考。预习时出现的问题在课堂上教师没有讲到的，要向老师提出，把问题搞清楚，老师讲授的问题，先注意听，下课后整理一下笔记，反复思考一下这些问题，抓住老师所讲的重点，难点和考点。总之，上课时要做到耳听、眼观、嘴动、脑想，调动起多个感官来。 完毕作业，找出问题
17、学完每一课，要认真完毕课后作业。做作业时一定不要看参考书上题的答案，做完后再对答案，对于作业中所出现的不明白的问题，应当记下来，等下次上课时提出来。做作业是英语学习的很重要的环节，它是消化知识和巩固知识的过程，一定要认真完毕规定的作业，笔头作业要动一动笔，口头作业要动一动嘴，提高听力要练一练耳，课文在听和读的基础上，最佳背诵某些精彩段落。总之，要做大量的练习，英语是练出来的， 一定不要偷懒。 及时复习，巩固知识 学会了的东西随着时间的流逝会逐渐遗忘，但学语言有遗忘现象是正常的。更不必由于有遗忘现象而影响自己学好英语的信心与决心。问题在于如何来减轻遗忘的限度。善于类比，总结知识，把新学的知识同过
18、去学的有关的知识进行横向和纵向比较和联系。建立错误档案记录，加深印象，以避免再反同样错误。我们大部分知识和技能是靠反复获得的，及时复习对于记忆非常必要，学英语就是要坚持天天不断的练，不断地反复基本句型，常用词汇和基本语法等。学习英语的过程也是同遗忘做斗争的过程。 总而言之，只要你能做到下定决心学，注意学习方法，把课前预习，认真听课，完毕作业，及时复习这些环节作好了，你一定可以学好英语2023年12月英语六级听力真题及答案解析word版听力原文Section A短对话（1118）11W: This is one of our best and least expensive two-bedroo
19、m listings. Its located in a quiet building and its close to bus lines.M: That maybe true. But look at it, its awful, the paint has peeled off and carpet is worn and the stove is ancient.Q: What can we infer from the conversation?12M: The pictures we took at the botanical garden should be ready tomo
20、rrow.W: I cant wait to see them, Im wondering if the shots I took are as good as I thought.Q: What is the woman eager to know?13W: The handle of the suitcase is broken. Can you have it fixed by next Tuesday?M: Let me see, I need to find a handle that matches but that shouldnt take too long.Q: What d
21、oes the man mean?14M: This truck looks like what I need but Im worried about maintenance. For us itll have to operate for long periods of time in very cold temperatures.W: We have several models that are especially adaptive for extreme conditions. Would you like to see them?Q: What do we learn about
22、 the man from the conversation?15M: I think your boss would be very upset when he gets your letter of resignation.W: That may be so. But in the letter, I just told him frankly I could no longer live with his poor management and stupid decisions.Q: What do we learn about the woman?16W Id like to exch
23、ange the shirt. Ive learned that the person bought it for allergic to wool.M Maybe we can find something in cotton or silk. Please come this way.Q；What does the women want to do？17M: Excuse me, Miss？Did anyone happen to turn in a new handbag? You know, its a birthday gift for my wife.W: Let me see.
24、Oh, weve got quite a lot of womens bags here. Can you give me more detailed information, such as the color, the size and the trademark?Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?18M What are you going to do with the old house you are in heritage from your grandfather?W I once intended
25、to sell it, but now, Im thinking of turning it into a guest house, because its still a solid structure.Q: What does the man plan to do with his old house?长对话（1925）W: When you write a novel, do you know where youre going, Dr. James?M: Yes, you must, really, if youre writing the classical detective st
26、ory, because it must be so carefully plotted and so carefully clued. I have schemes. I have charts. I have diagrams. It doesnt mean to say that I always get it right, but I do plan before I begin writing. But what is so fascinating is how a book changes during the process of writing. It seems to me
27、that creative writing is a process of revelation, really, rather than of creativity in the ordinary sense.W: When youre planning the basic structure, do you like to go away to be sure that youre by yourself?M: I need to be by myself certainly, absolutely. I cant even bare anybody else in the house.
28、I dont mind much where I am as long as Ive got enough space to write, but I need to be completely alone.W: Is that very important to you?M: Oh, yes. Ive never been lonely in all my life.W: How extraordinary! Never?M: No, never.W: Youre very lucky. Someone once said that theres a bit of ice at the he
29、art of every writer.M: Yes. I think this is true. The writer can stand aside from experience and look at it, watch it happening. There is this detachment and I realize that there are obviously experiences which would overwhelm everyone. But very often, a writer can appear to stand aside, and this de
30、tachment makes people feel theres a bit of ice in the heart.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What is the key to write a good classical detective story according to the man?20. What does theman mainly need when working on a book?21. What does the man say about
31、writers? W: There is an element there about competition then, isnt there? Because British railways are a nationalized industry. Theres only one railway system in the country. If you dont like a particular kind of big beans, you can go and buy another. But if you dont like a particular railway, you c
32、ant go and use another.M: Some people who write to me say this. They say that if you didnt have monopoly, you wouldnt be able to do the things you do. Well, I dont think we do anything deliberately to upset our customers. We have particular problems. Since 1946, when the Transport Act came in, we we
33、re nationalized.W: Do you think thats a good thing? Has it been a good thing for the railways, do you think, to be nationalized?M: Oh I think so, yes. Because in general, modes of transport are all around. Lets face the fact. The car arrived. The car is here to stay. There is no question about that.
34、W: So what are you saying then? Is it if the railways happen being nationalized, they would simply have disappeared?M: Oh, I think they would have. Theyre disappearing fast in America. Er, the French railways lose 1 billion ponds a year. The German railways, 2 billion ponds a year. But you see, thos
35、e governments are preparing to pour money into the transport system to keep it going.W: So in a sense, you cope between two extremes. On the one hand, youre trying not to lose too much money. And on the other hand, youve got to provide the best service.M: Yes, you are right.Questions 22 to 25 are ba
36、sed on the conversation you have just heard.22. What does the woman say about British railways?23. What do some people who write to the man complain about?24. What does the man say threatens the existence of railways?25. What does the man say about railways in other countries?Section BPassage OneAmo
37、ng global warmings most frightening threats is the prediction is that the polar ice-caps will melt, raising sea level so much that coastal cities from New York to Los Angles to Shanghai will be flooded. Scientists agree that key player in this scenario is the West Antarctic ice sheet, a Brazil-size
38、mass of frozen water that is much as 7000 feet thick. Unlike floating ice shelves which have little impact on sea level when they break up, the ice sheet is anchored to bedrock will blow the sea surface. Surrounded by open ocean, it is also vulnerable, but Antarctic experts disagree strongly on just
39、 how unstable it is. Now, new evidence reveals that all or most of the Antarctic ice sheet collapsed at least once during the past 1.3 million years, a period when global temperatures probably were not significantly higher than they are today. And the ice sheet was assumed to have been stable. In ge
40、ological time, a million years is recent history. The proof, which was published last week in Science, comes from a team of scientists from Uppsala University in Sweden and California Institute of Technology who drew deep holes near the edge of ice sheet. Within samples collected from the solid subs
41、tances lying beneath the ice. They found fossils of microscopic marine plants which suggest that the region was once open ocean not solid ice. As Herman Engleheart, a co-author from the California Institute of Technology says, the West Antarctic ice sheet disappear once and can disappear again.26. W
42、hat is one of the most frightening threats of global warming according to the passage?27. What did scientists disagree on?28. What is the latest information revealed about the West Antarctic ice sheet?29. What the scientists latest findings suggest? Passage TwoIts always fun to write about research
43、that you can actually try out for yourself.Try this: Take a photo and upload it to Facebook, then after a day or so, note what the URL link to the picture is and then delete it. Come back a month later and see if the link works. Chances are: It will.Facebook isnt alone here. Researchers at Cambridge
44、 University have found that nearly half of the social networking sites dont immediately delete pictures when a user requests they be removed. In general, photo-centric websites like Flickr were found to be better at quickly removing deleted photos upon request.Why do deleted photos stick around so l
45、ong? The problem relates to the way data is stored on large websites: While your personal computer only keeps one copy of a file, large-scale services like Facebook rely on what are called content delivery networks to manage data and distribution. Its a complex system wherein data is copied to multi
46、ple intermediate devices, usually to speed up access to files when millions of people are trying to access the service at the same time. But because changes arent reflected across the content delivery networks immediately, ghost copies of files tend to linger for days or weeks.In the case of Faceboo
47、k, the company says data may hang around until the URL in question is reused, which is usually after a short period of time, though obviously that time can vary considerably.30. What does the speaker ask us to try out?31. What accounts for the failure of some websites to remove photos immediately?32
48、. When will the unwanted data eventually disappear from Facebook according to the company?Passage ThreeEnjoying an iced coffee? Better skip dinner or hit the gym afterwards, with a cancer charity warning that some iced coffees contain as many calories as a hot dinner.The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) conducted a survey of iced coffees sold by some popular chains in Britain including Starbucks, Caffe Nero and Costa Coffee to gauge the calories as studies increasingly link obesity with cancer.The worst offender - a coffee from Starbucks - had