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1、1【动词】动词的分类：根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（行为动词）、连系动词、助动词、情态动词。实义动词 有完整的词义，能单独做谓语根据用法，可分为及物动词（vt.后面直接跟名词或代词作宾语）和不及物动词（vi 不能直接跟名词或代词，加宾语时必须加介词）。同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。例如：She can dance and sing.她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing 在此用作不及物动词。）She can sing many English songs.她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing 用作及物动词。）但也有一些动词只能用做及物动词，如：visit,ask,
2、win,tell,answer,feel,serve,marry,discuss,beat,reach,kill,drop 等而下列一些动词通常情况下只能用做不及物动词：reply(to),return(to),point(to,at),knock(at,on,into),wait(for),listen(to),arrive(at,to),fall(down,off),look(at,after)2连系动词（Link Verb）它本身有词义，但不能 单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。常见的连系动词有：be,feel,become,look,smell
3、,seem,taste,sound,keep,其它一些可以和形容词连用的动词也属于连系动词：fall ill/asleep,grow worse,turn red,get lost,keep healthy等3.助动词：本身没有词义，不能单独作句子的谓语，只能与主要动词一起构成谓语主要帮助句子构成否定、疑问以及动词的不同时态、语态等语法特征。常见的助动词有：be,do(does,did),have/has,had,will,would 等。4.情态动词：本身有一定的词义，单不能单独做谓语，后面必须跟其它动词的原形，表示说话人的语气和态度；常见的情态动词有：can(could),may(migh
4、t),must,need 等。（详细用法见讲义-情态动词专项）动词和动词短语辨析：arrive,reach,get;borrow,lend,keep;dress,put on,wear;see,look,watch,read;bring,take,fetch;spend,pay,cost;speak,say,talk,tell;lose,fail,beat,win;lose,forget,leave;join,take part in,attend;listen to,hear;look for,find;die,dead,death,dying;think of,think about,th
5、ink over 二、动词有五种形态，分别是：原形（Original Form）、第三人称单数形式（Singular From in Third Personal）、过去式（Past Form）、过去分词（Past Participle）、现在分词（Present Participle）。单词尾巴变化规则：动词的现在分词的变化规则（动词-ing 的构成）1.一般在词尾加ing，如：read-reading look-looking 2.以不发音的结尾的动词,先去掉 e,再加-ing,如:take-taking have-having make-making close-closing 3.以“
6、一个元音+一个辅音字母”结尾的重读闭音动词，先双写辅音字母，再加-ing。如：sit-sitting run-running swim-swimming shop-shopping put-putting set-setting stop-stopping begin-beginning get-getting cut-cutting dig-digging 4、特殊变化：变ie 为 y，加 ing：lie-lying（躺,撒谎）tietying（领带、绑）die-dying(死)动词第三人称单数的变化规则一般动词尾加-s。-s 在清音后读s，在浊音或元音后读z.如 work-works,wr
7、ite-writes.以 s,x,ch,sh,结尾的,后加-es,-es 读/iz/guesses,mixes,finishes,catches 以辅音字母+o 结尾，一般加-es，-es 读 z。go-goes,do-does 辅音字母+y 结尾的单词，变y 为 i，再加-es，-ies 读 iz。study-studies 特殊词例外。如：be is，have has 动词过去式与过去分词变化规则一般直接加ed,work-worked 以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词，变y 为 i,再加 ed:carry-carried,study-studied,hurry-hurried 以 e 结尾的动词
8、，直接加d:live-lived,care-cared 双写尾字母，加ed:stop-stopped,plan-planned,shop-shopped 三、动词的八大时态：2 时态结构时态结构一般现在时动词原形（第三人称单数）一般过去时动词的过去式现在进行时am/is/are 动词的 ing 过去进行时was/were 动词的ing 一般将来时will 动词原形am/is/are+going to动词原形过去将来时would 动词原形was/were going to动词原形现在完成时have/has 过去分词过去完成时had过去分词*go,come,arrive,leave,move,di
9、e等动词的进行时态可以表示对应的将来时态。【初中英语八种时态归纳复习】一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语标志词：always,usually,often,sometimes,every week(day,year,month),once a week,on Sundays,基本结构：be 动词；行为动词否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：把be 动词放于句首；用助动词do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
10、二、一般过去时：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语标志词：ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month),in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time,this morning,etc.基本结构：be 动词；行为动词否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：was 或 were 放于句首用助动词do 的过去式did 提问，同时
11、还原行为动词。三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语标志词：now,right now,at this moment,at this time,these days,look,listen,Its 6 oclock,etc.基本结构：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句：把be 动词放于句首。四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语标志词：at this time yesterday,at that time或以 when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基
12、本结构：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were+not+doing.一般疑问句：把was 或 were 放于句首。五、现在完成时：概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语标志词：already,yet,never,ever,recently,lately,since,for,in the past few years,all one s life,once,etc.基本结构：have/has+done否定形式：have/has+not+done.一般疑问句：have 或 has。六、过去完成时：概念：以过去某个时间
13、为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。时间状语标志词：before,by the end of last year(term,month),by last week,例句：He had lived in Shanghai for ten years before he came here.基本结构：had+done.否定形式：had+not+done.一般疑问句：had 放于句首。文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2
14、文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S
15、2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10
16、S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M1
17、0S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M
18、10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8
19、M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G
20、8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S23 七、一般将来时：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语标志词：tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,in a few minutes,by,the day after
21、 tomorrow,in the future,this weekend,this evening.基本结构：am/is/are+going to do；will+do.否定形式：am/is/are+not+going to do won t+do 一般疑问句：am/is/are 放于句首；will 提到句首。八、过去将来时：概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。时间状语标志词：the next day(morning,year),the following month(week),etc.例句：He said he would buy some fruit for his
22、 sister.基本结构：was/were/going to+do；would/should+do.否定形式：was/were/not+going to+do;would/should+not+do.一般疑问句：was 或 were 放于句首；would/should 提到句首。【中考英语专项复习-现在完成时】一、现在完成时的基本结构：have/has（助动词）+过去分词(done)二、现在完成时的各种句式：1.陈述句：主语have/has+过去分词其他成分。I have cleaned my bedroom.2.否定句：主语have/has+not+过去分词其他成分。I havent cle
23、aned my bedroom.3.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语过去分词其他成分？Have you cleaned your bedroom?4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词have/has 其他成分？5.反意疑问句：借助于助动词have/has来完成反意疑问句。例如：They have lived that village for ten years,havent they?三、现在完成时的用法：.“完成法”：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。标志性词：already、never、ever、just、yet、before、so far(=up to now till n
24、ow by now)、these days等。2.“未完成法”：表示动作或状态从过去已经开始，持续到现在并有可能延续到将来。时间状语：for一段时间；since 过去点时间。I ve known Li Lei for three days.They have lived here since 1996.3.其他标志词：recently,lately,once/twice/three times,all ones life,in the past+段时间 during the last+段时间注意：(1)since 一段时间 ago for时间段;since two weeks ago=for
25、two weeks;I have kept the library book for a week.=I have kept the library book since a week ago.(2)since+时间点 for时间段since 2000=for 14 years(3)since+从句(常用一般过去时)The Greens have lived in Beijing since they moved to Beijing from Paris.(4)It is/has been+一段时间+since 从句。自从某事发生已有一段时间了.It is/has been two year
26、s since my brother joined the army.四正确运用have/has been to,have/has gone to,和 have/has been in 三种结构。6.have/has been to 表示“过去曾去过某地”，但现在已经回来了。7.have/has gone to 表示“已去了某地”，现在还没有回来。文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M
27、10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8
28、M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G
29、8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2
30、G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V
31、2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6
32、V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX
33、6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S24 8.have/has been in 表示“已在某地（呆了多久）”，如果是小地方用at 代替 in。五中考考点：考点一：考查基本概念例如：Both his parents look sad.Maybe they _whats happened to him.knew.have known .must know.wil
34、l know 简析：现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案。考点二：考查时间状语例 1.He has _ been to Shanghai,has he?.already.never.ever.still 例 2.Have you met Mr Li _？.just.ago.before.a moment ago 简析：现在完成时的时间状语常有如下四类：现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），
35、ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。现在完成时常与recently，so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last+一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。现在完成时时常与“for+时间段或since+过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。考点三：考查与一般过去时的区别例 1.These far
36、mers have been to the United States.Really?When _ there?.will they go.did they go.do they go .have they gone 例 2._ you _ your homework yet?Yes.I _ it a moment ago.Did;do;finished B.Have;done;finished.Have;done;have finished.will;do;finish 简析：现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生
37、的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如 yesterday,last week,a moment ago等）连用。一般过去时表示纯粹在过去发生的事情。现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作/状态,或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响。故两个例题的正确答案为B。现在完成时和一般过去时的比较两者都可表示过去发生过的动作，但前者表示的是过去的动作对现在的影响，而后者则只是表示过去有这一动作的事实。Who turned on the light?谁开的灯？(着眼开灯的动
38、作，不管现在灯是开是关。)Who has turned on the light?谁把灯打开了？(着眼开灯的结果，即现在灯还亮着。)两者都可表示过去开始并延续了一段时间的动作，现在完成时表示该动作仍在继续，而一般过去时则说明该动作现已终止。He has lived in Beijing for four years.他在北京住了四年了。(现在仍住那儿。)He lived in Beijing for four years.他曾在北京住了四年。(现在不住那儿了。)考点四：考查非延续性动词的用法文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U
39、10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6
40、U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ
41、6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:C
42、Z6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:
43、CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码
44、:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编
45、码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S25 例 1.His father _ the Party since 1978.joined.has joined.was in.has been in 例 2.Do you
46、know him well?Sure.We _ friends since ten years ago.were.have been.have become.have made 例 3.How long have you _ here?About two e.arrived 简析：英语动词根据词义可分为两种，一种是延续性的，一种是终止性的，终止性动词(也可称为非延续性动词、瞬间动词、或点动词)，如 begin,start,die,buy,leave,come等，表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成，不能再延续，所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用，即不能与表示一段时间的状语，for+时间
47、段,since+时间点/从句连用，也不能用在how long 引导的特殊疑问句中。例如:Ive left Shanghai for three days.()Ive been away from Shanghai for three days.().I left Shanghai three days ago.()It is/has been three days since I left Shanghai.()现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for 和 since 引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。常用的非延续性动词及替代形式如下：22 个close be clo
48、sed,put on wear,openbe op en,get up be up,finish/endbe over,lose be lost,marry be married(to),get to know know;fall asleep/go to sleep be asleep(sleep),wake up-be awake,come/arrivebe here/in,come/get backbe back,go/leave-be away,becomebe,borrow keep,buyhave,begin/startbe on,die be dead,join be in/be
49、 a member of,catch a cold have a cold,lose-not have 文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX
50、6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 ZX6V2G8M10S2文档编码:CZ6U10N5L2W3 HF8N8E8T10T2 Z