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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 现在完成时之连续性分词和非连续性动词现在完成时中,非连续性动词不能与 语连用,通常是用相应的连续性动词来代替for 和 since 引导的表示一段时间的状；（就是说：有 for 或 since 的句子里, 肯定不能是非连续性代词,必需是连续性动词）；例如：borrow 借 keep 储存, buy 买 have 拥有 , begin/start 开头 be on 上映, die 死 be dead 死（表状态） , join 参与 be in/be a member of- 加入；成为 中的一员, come/arrive 来/到达 be her
2、e/in, come/get back 回来 be back, go/leave 走 /离开 be awayfrom, marry 结婚 be marriedto,go/come/begin/start/die/buy/borrow/sell/leave/arrive/receive/become等词语是瞬时动词,表示的动作是一时的,不能连续,不能与 for 、since 等表示一段时间的词连用,也不能用于 how long 引导的疑问句中；. 如不能说： He has borrowed the book for two months. . 但可以说： He has kept the book
3、 for 2 months. . 或： It has been 2 months since he borrowed the book. . 或： Two months has passed since he borrowed the book. 留意：用句型转换的方法,很简单排除非连续动词在有 for/since 结构的完成时中的误用；1）（对） Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now. 2）（错） H
4、arry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now. 明显,其次句不对, 它应改为Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years. 难点：比较一般过去时与现在完成时名师归纳总结 1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯表达过去的事情,强调动作 ；第 1 页,共 9 页现在完成时发生在过去,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调影响
5、；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2）一般过去经常与详细的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语 连用,或无时间状语；一般过去时的时间状语： yesterday, last week , ago, in1980, in October, from then on/after that （打那以后）；just now 刚才； in the past （在过去）等,皆为详细的时间状语；现在完成时的时间状语： for, since, so far（到目前为止）, ever（曾经）, never（从未） , just （刚刚） , before （以
6、前） , lately/recently （最近） , already（已经） , yet（仍；已经） , up to now （到目前为止） , in the past few years（在过去的几年里） , these days, ever since then（打那以后）等现在完成时可表示连续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是连续性的,如 live, teach, learn, work, study, know.；一般过去经常用的非连续性动词有 become, get married 等；come, go, leave, start, die, finish, e.g ： I saw t
7、his film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了）She joined the League three years ago. 加入的动作不是连续的 She has been in the League for three years since three years ago. 在团内的状态可连续 She has been a League member for three years since three years ago.是团员的状态可连续 yesterday, last, week
8、, in 留意: 句子中如有一般过去时的时间副词（如1960 ）时 ,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时；（错） Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对） Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 【练一练】在现在完成时中,在与_ 和 _ 引导的表示一段时间的状语连名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 用时,通常是用相应的 _ 动词来代替 _. 一、将下面的非连续性动词变为相应的连续性动词；borrow _
9、,buy_,begin/start_ _, die _,join _ _ ,come/arrive _, come/get back _,go/leave _, marry _, 二、句型转换1 The film began two minutes ago. The film _ _ _ for _ _. 2 I bought a pen two hours ago. I _ _ a pen for _ _. 3 He left Fuzhou just now. He _ _ _ 4He came back two years ago. _ Fuzhou for five minutes. H
10、e _ _ _ for _ _. 5）He arrived Beijing five minutes ago. He _ _ _ Beijing for _ _. 非连续性动词和连续性动词的转换与练习到某地： arrive at/in sw. 或 get to/reach sw. 或 come/go/move to sw. be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there 1 He got to Beijing five minutes ago. He _ _ _ Beijing for _ _. 2 I moved to the
11、 USA last year. I _ _ _ the USA since _ _. 3 I went home yesterday. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - I _ _ _ home for _ _. 4 They came here last week. They _ _ here since _ _. 返回： come/go back, return be back出去： come/go out be out1 He came out two years ago. He _ _ _ for _ _.
12、2 We return to Fuzhou yesterday. We _ _ _ to Fuzhou since _. become be1 I became a teacher in 2000. I _ _ a teacher for _ _. 2 The river became dirty last year. The river _ _ dirty for _ _. close be closed ,open be open1 The shop closed two hours ago. The shop _ _ _ for _ _. 2 The door opened at six
13、 in the morning. The door _ hours. _ _ for six get up 起床 be up ； die 死 be dead ；名师归纳总结 leave sw. 离开某地 be away from sw.；第 4 页,共 9 页fall asleep/get to sleep 睡觉 be asleep ；finish/end终止 be over ；marry 结婚 be married- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1 I got up two hours ago. I _ _ _ since _ _. 2 He le
14、ft Fuzhou just now. He _ _ _ _ Fuzhou for five minutes. 3 My grandpa died in 2002. My grandpa _ _ 4 The meeting finished at six. The meeting _ _ 5 I got to sleep two hours ago. _for _ _. _ for six hours. I _ _ _ since _ _. 6 They married in 1990. They _ _ _since _.start/begin to do sth. 开头做 do sth.
15、begin 开头 be on 上映；演出 1 I began to teach at this school in 1995. I _ _ at this school since _. 2 The film began two minutes ago. 名师归纳总结 The film _ _ _ for _ _. 第 5 页,共 9 页borrow 借 keep 储存；保管；buy 买 havelose 丢失 not have ；put on 穿上 wea r；catch/get a cold 患感冒 have a cold感冒（状态）；get to know 明白；熟悉 know- - -
16、 - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1 They borrowed it last week. They _ _ it since _ 2 I bought a pen two hours ago. _. I _ _ a pen for _ _. 3 I got to know him last year. I _ _ him since _ _. 4 I put on my glasses three years ago. I _ _ my glasses for _ _.have/has gone to 去了某地 have been in呆在某地；始终在某地1
17、 He has gone to Beijing. He _ _ _ Beijing for two days. join the league 入团 /the Party 入党 /the army 参军be a league/a Party member/a soldier be a member of the league/the Party be in the league/the Party/the army1 He joined the league in 2002. He _ _ a _ _ for two years. He _ _ a _ _ the _ for two year
18、s. He _ _ _ the league for two years. 2 My brother joined the army two years ago. My brother _ _ a _ for _ _. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - My brother_ _ in _ _ for two years. 【Homework】一依据提示完成句子1. 他的爷爷去世三年了；His grandfather _three years ago. His grandfather has_ _ _3 years.
19、 His grandfather has_ _ _ 3 years ago. 2 你买这辆自行车有多长时间了？How long have you_the bike. 3 我买这本故事书三年了；I _this story book three years ago. I have _ this story book _ three years ago. I have _this story book _ three years. 4.他参军三年了；He _ the Army three years ago. He has_ _the Army _ _ _. He has _ a _ _the Ar
20、my for 3 years. 5. 玛丽和约翰结婚有十年了；Mary _ to John ten years ago. Mary_ _ _ to John for ten years. 6.我入团 2 年了；I _ _ _ two years ago. I _ _ a _ _ for two years. I _ _ a _ of _ _ for two years. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - I _ _ _ the _ for two years. 7. The film began two minute
21、s ago. The film _ _ _ for _ _. 8. I bought a pen two hours ago. I _ _ a pen for _ _. 9. He left Fuzhou just now. He _ _ _ _ Fuzhou for five minutes. 10.He came back two years ago. He _ _ _ for _ _. 11.He arrived Beijing five minutes ago. He _ _ _ Beijing for _ _. 二. 改错1.Hurry up. They wait for us. 2
22、.Are you remembering his name. 3. Iliking the film very much. 4. Ill be glad if it will snowsoon. 5. Does she goes to school every day. 6. I have seen Betty yesterday 7. I didnt see the headmaster for weeks.8. His grandpa has died for two weeks. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 三. 汉译英1）这本字典我已买了三年了；_ 2）他离开中国三年了；_ 3）我熟悉他们五年了；_ 4）他们已去了美国五年了；_ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 9 页