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1、学习必备欢迎下载考点归纳十八：定语从句一、定语从句（一）：1.定语从句的概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。位置：从关系词或横线后起到第二个谓语动词或be 动词止。2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。（代词惯指人称代词与不定代词）位置：紧靠关系词或横线前的名词或代词部分。3.关系词：引导定语从句的连词叫关系词（分为关系代词与关系副词）。关系代词有五个：that、which、who、whom、whose 关系副词有三个：where、when 等。4.关系代词的用法1）that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如
2、:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that 作主语)The coat(that)I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that 作宾语)2）which 用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)The film(which)we saw last night was wond
3、erful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)3）who,whom 用于指人,who 用作主语,whom 用作宾语（可省略）。例如:The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)Who is the teacher(whom)Li Ming is talking to?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)4）whose在定语从句中作定语，既可用于人也可用于物时，即人物通指。用法：当先行词是名词，定语从句中的主语也是名词，而且两名词间存在所属关系时，不论先行词是人还
4、是物，都用关系代词whose。（n.）_(n.)此名词所属于先行词(n.)时，用关系代词whose.例如：The woman whose hair is long is my mother.The book whose cover is green is mine.定语从句解题思路与关系词确定步骤：定语从句的引导词的确定可以概括为：“三找两定一证”。“三找”：找先行词找定语从句找定语从句的谓语动词或be 动词；学习必备欢迎下载“两定”：以谓语动词与be 动词为基准，看定语从句是否缺主语（谓语动词或be 动词的左边）还是缺宾语（谓语动词的右边）；1）如果定语从句从句缺主语或宾语，则判定用关系代词
5、，再根据先行词指人或物确定正确的关系代词（that,which,who,whom）。2）如果定语从句的谓语动词或be 动词两边都不缺成分，则判定用关系副词，再根据先行词是时间，地点或原因确定正确的关系副词(when,where,why)。注意：3）虽然有时定语从句的谓语动词或be 动词两边都不缺成分,但当先行词是名词，定语从句中的主语也是名词，而且两名词间存在所属关系时，不论先行词是人还是物，都判定用关系代词whose。“一证”：把定语从句还原成独立的句子，验证其句子结构的完整性。表格总结：关系代词的用法。关系代词指代在定语从句中的作用that 既指人也指物作主语、宾语which 指物作主语、
6、宾语who 指人作主语whom 指人作宾语whose 既指人也指物作定语5.关系副词的用法(1)when 指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。例如:This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。(2)where 指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。例如:This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。(3)why 指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。例如:Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。二、定语从句（
7、二）1.先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that 也可用 which.但下列情况下，只能用 that 不用 which。1).当先行词为指物的不定代词，如all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、the one 等时，只能用that。There is nothing _ I can do for you.2).当先行词被the only、the very、the last、all、no、little 等词修饰时，只能用that。This is the very book _ I m looking for.3).先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用tha
8、t。This is the first textbook _ I studied in the middle school.4).先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时，只能用that。This is the most beautiful mountain _ I have ever seen.=I have _ seen _ a beautiful mountain.5).先行词既有人也有物时，只能that。文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F
9、10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 H
10、D7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U
11、9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2
12、ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D
13、2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文
14、档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA
15、1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8学习必备欢迎下载He told us many interesting things and persons _ we had.2.先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that 也可用 which.但下列情况下，只能用 which 不用 that。1).关系代词前有介词时，关系词只能用which。This is the building in _ he lives.2
16、).先行词本身是that 时，关系词只能用which。The clock is that _ tells the time.3).引导非限定性的定语从句（先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开），关系词用which。His book,_ was lost last week,has been found now.3.先行词是人时，一般情况下既可用who 也可用 that。但以下情况下，只能用who。1).当先行词为those、one、ones、anyone且作主语时，一般用who。Those _ are singing are all my classmates.2).在 there be 句型
17、中，先行词指人时，只能用who。指物时用that。There is a girl _ expects to see you.3).当先行词是I、you、he、they 等时，只能用who。He _ plays with fire gets burned.三、定语从句（三）。由关系副词when、where、why 引导的定语从句。where=in/at+which when=in/on/at+which why=for+which 1.由 where 引导的定语从句。1).先行词是表示地点的名词2).在定语从句中作地点状语Is this the house _ you lived?=Is thi
18、s the house _ _ you lived?=Is this the house _ you lived in?2.由 when 引导的定语从句。1).先行词是表示时间的名词2).在定语从句中作时间状语I will never forget the days _ I met him.=I will never forget the days _ _ I met him.注：先行词是the last time 时，when 可省略。When was the last time you saw the parrot?3.由 why 引导的定语从句。1)先行词为reason 时，一般用why
19、 2)why 在句中作原因状语。We don t know the reason _ they didn t come.四、注意事项：1.关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，常可省略。The story _ he told was very popular.A.who B.whom C.whose D./2.that、who、which 在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。I loves singers who _(write)their own songs.She is one of the girls who _(study)hard.3.在定语从句中不能出现代替先行词的人
20、称代词。Will you please show me the book _ yesterday?A.which you bought B.that you bought it C.you bought D.you bought it 4.定语从句中whose 的确定：无论先行词是人或物，在定语从句中做定语用whose。判断：看定语从句的主语前有无限定词（my、your、Jim s 等），若没有，则用whose。The girl _ parents work in Beijing is Kate.文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA
21、1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F
22、10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 H
23、D7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U
24、9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2
25、ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D
26、2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文
27、档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8学习必备欢迎下载A.who B.whose C.which D.that I know the boy.His handwriting is very good.=I know the boy _ handwriting is very good.五、定语从句的简化
28、把定语从句简化为形容词短语、过去分词短语、介词短语、现在分词短语。1.She received a box which was full of presents.She received a box _ _ presents.2.He likes reading books that was written by Luxun.He likes reading booking _ _ Luxun.3.I like Chinese tea which has nothing in it.I like Chinese tea _ _ in it.4.Do you know the girl who
29、is wearing a red dress.Do you know the girl _ a red dress.文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 Z
30、K3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2
31、X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档
32、编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1
33、G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F1
34、0Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8文档编码:CA1G8R5F10Q7 HD7D10U9A7K2 ZK3T2D2X6P8