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1、高中英语必修四Module 5 Great ScientistsSection Introduction, reading and vocabulary一、语言知识精讲1.Match the words and definitions.把单词和定义搭配起来match v.使较量，使比赛；比得；相配；使比较；使结婚Let beggars match with beggars.龙配龙，凤配凤。Match your deeds to your beliefs.你应该使你的行动与你的信仰保持一致The king matched his daughter with the dukes son.国王把女儿
2、嫁给了公爵的儿子。The carpets should match the wallpaper.地毯应该和墙纸相匹配。Marys skirt matches her shoes.玛丽的裙子和鞋子很相配。【相关链接】辨析：fit, match, suitfit与suit均指衣服“合适“或”适合“。而fit指大小、尺寸合体，suit指颜色、花样或款式适合match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。The colour of the cloth suits a woman at my wifes age.这布的颜色适合我妻子那个年龄的妇女That jacket fits well.那件夹克很合
3、身The Peoples Great Hall and the Historical Museum match the Tiananmen magnificently.人民大会堂和历史博物馆把天安门映衬得极为宏伟。例题1（1）None of us can him in playing tennis. A. match B. beat C. defeat D. win（2）I guess no one ever up to him. I still think of him. A. went B. matched C. caught D. measured（3）You should your p
4、roducts the market, which is the correct way to earn money. A. suit; to B. add up; to C. subject; to D. ask; to2.When did he discover it?他是什么时候发现它的？discover vi. & vt.发现，发觉discover后可接名词、代词、带疑问词的不定式或that/wh-从句作宾语，也可接以动词不定式、现在分词或“to be + n. / adj. / prep. phrase“充当补足语的复合宾语，可用于被动结构。We often discover our
5、 mistakes when it is too late.我们往往发现错误时都为时已晚。We suddenly discovered that it was too late to catch the train.我们突然发现已经赶不上火车了。Time discovers truths.时间能辨认真理Who discovered America in 1492?谁在1492发现了美洲？Did you ever discover who sent you the flowers?你找到是谁送你花了吗？例题2There were many talented actors out there ju
6、st waiting .A. to discover B. to be discovered C. discovered D. being discovered3.Rice is also grown in many other Asian countries, and in some European countries like Italy.亚洲的很多其他国家和一些欧洲国家如意大利等，也种植水稻。other的用法：（1）other为不定代词，常与the连用，表示两个当中的另一个（onethe other）,或者两部分当中的其他所有的（some / onethe others / the o
7、ther +复数名词）He carried his bag with one hand and waved us with the other hand.他一手拎着包，另一只手向我们挥手致意。（2）other还可以表示“另外的，更多的“，以及”别人的“”不属于自己的“等意思。I need two other stamps to complete my collection.我还需要两枚邮票才能完成我的收集（3）other可构成许多常用的固定词组，如：other than表示“除了“；on (the) one hand, on the other (hand)表示”一方面，另一方面“。【相关链接
8、】辨析：other, another, the otherother指“别的“，常作定语，后接可数名词复数形式another指三者或三者以上“又一个，再一个“，其后跟单数可数名词，还可用于”another +数词（+名词复数）“结构the other指两者当中的另一个或另一部分，可单独使用，也可接可数名词的单数或复数形式。例题3（1）You are a team star! Working with is really your cup of tea. A. both B. either C. others D. the other（2）The CDs are on sale1 Buy one
9、 and you get completely free. A. other B. others C. one D. ones（3）What seems to be a good thing to one person may be a bad thing to . A. other B. another C. the other D. the others4.Yuan Longping was born and brought up in China.袁隆平在中国出生并长大。bring up的用法：（1）抚养，培养（=raise）She was brought up to be honest
10、.她从小就被教导要诚实There the birds net and bring up their young.这些鸟在那里筑巢、哺育幼鸟（2）提出，提前（=come up with）Why dont you bring this question up at the meeting.你为什么不在会上提出这个问题？In the course of study they brought up many questions.在学习过程中，他们提出了很多问题【短语链接】bring down降低bring about导致，引起bring along捎来，带来bring back归还；恢复；回想brin
11、g in赚（钱）；带进；传入bring out使罢工；使明显；生产bring on促使提高，使成长例题4（1）Born into a family with three brothers, David was to value the sense of sharing. A. brought up B. turned down C. looked after D. held back（2）American Indians about five percent of the US population. A. fill up B. bring up C. make up D. set up5.T
12、hen he began his search for a special type of rice plant.然后，他开始寻找一种特殊的水稻品种。search for为“寻找，寻求”之意，其中search意为“搜寻，寻找”，相当于go through,表示搜索具体的人或物。The police with dogs are searching the woods for the thief.警察带着警犬在树林里搜寻那个贼。拓展：search的用法（1）search用作动词，意为“搜查”时，指怀着发现某物的希望而认真的、深入地寻找或调查，多指搜索、检查犯罪的人或违禁的、丢失的东西，强调所付出的
13、努力以及其彻底性，含有对立或不满的意味。（2）search用作及物动词时，其后可跟人、房屋、衣袋等名词或代词作宾语。（3）search的目的常用for引出，而搜寻的地方常用介词through引出。The customs officer searched my bags for drugs.海关官员检查了我的包，看有没有毒品He searched through all the drawers for missing papers.他搜查了所有的抽屉，寻找那份遗失的文件。【相关链接】辨析：research与searchresearch意为“研究，调查”，指审慎的探究，科学的研究或批判的研究，用于
14、学问、宗教、物理、心理、天文、古物等方面的调查或研究；search意为“搜索，探究”，指审慎地和持续的调查或研究，用于审慎失窃物或探究知识、真理、自由、珍奇等。例题5（1）The policemen set out street for the lost girl. A. searching for B. to search C. to search for D. to search in（2） the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you learn a lot about firefighting. A. Having s
15、earched B. To search C. Searching D. Search（3）The police the prisoner everywhere. A. is searching B. are searching C. is searching for D. are searching for6.As a result of Yuan Longpings discoveries Chinese rice production rose by 47.5 percent in the 1990s.由于袁隆平的发现，中国的水稻产量在20世纪90年代增长了47.5%（1）as a re
16、sult of因为，由于，表示原因；as a result因此，所以，表示结果As a result of the big fire, thousands of people lost their homes.由于大火，成千上万的人失去了家园。She won the scholarship as a result of her hard work由于努力学习，她获得了奖学金。【相关链接】表示原因的短语：because of由于，因为thanks to由于，因为as a consequence of由于，因为result from由造成owing to因为due to因为（2）in the 19
17、90s / in the 1990s表示“在20世纪90年代”。表示年代时，须用数词的所有格式或复数形式，并在其全面加定冠词theGreat changes have taken place in our country since the 1980s / 1980s自20世纪80年代以来，我们国家发生了巨大的变化。【相关链接】in ones tens / twenties / thirties表示“在某人10多岁/20多岁/30多岁的时候”。表示年龄时应在整十的复数形式前面加物主代词ones.Marx began to learn Russian in his fifties.Marx50多
18、岁时开始学法语。例题6（1） her hard work and much practice, Joan won the first place in the English speaking contest. A. Instead of B. As a result of C. In front of D. In spite of（2）I was so careless in the exam. , I made so many mistakes. A. In this way B. In other words C. As a result of D. As a result（3）This
19、 took place in . A. a 1930s B. 1930s C. the 1930s D. the 1930s7.Frist Yuan Longping experimented with different types of rice.首先，袁隆平对不同种类的水稻进行实验。type意为“类型，样式”，type of后的名词通常不加冠词What type of blood is yours?你是什么血型？She isnt type of woman.她不是我喜欢的那种类型的女人。【相关链接】辨析：kind, sort, species, type（1）kind指同种类的东西，它用
20、来指具有共同特征而在一起的一群人或物，或指说话人对某事物在某方面有相似之处的一种看法。（2）sort指大体相似的东西，有时用于贬义的判断。（3）species指相同种类的生物（4）type表示某一类事物分出的不同类型，表示“型，样式，类型”This is the best kind of pen.这是最好的一种钢笔What sort of food do you like best?你最喜欢吃什么样的事物？This rare bird has become an endangered species.这种珍禽已成为濒危物种The horticulturist developed a new t
21、ype of rose.园艺师培育出一种新品种的玫瑰。例题7（1）Dongdeng 140 is another different of truck made in China. A. kind B. type C. sort D. tape（2）Most animals have little connection with animals of different kind unless they kill them for food. A. the; a B. /; a C. the; the D. /; the（3）The dog is cruel to all but his ma
22、ster and his own . A. type B. class C. size D. kind8.Its yield is much greater than the yield of other types of rice grown in Pakistan.它的产量远高于巴基斯坦所种植的其他种类的水稻much修饰比较级，意为“得多”He is much older, but much more energetic than I am.他年龄比我大很多，但是比我精力充沛That book is interesting, but this one is much more intere
23、sting.那本书很有趣，但这本书跟有趣（1）比较级的修饰语比较级前可用a bit, a little, rather, some, any等表示“稍稍，一点儿”，用much, far, a great/ good deal, a lot, lots, a good bit等表示“得多”。最高级前面可用the very, the second, (by) far the等修饰Guangzhou is the third largest city in China.广州是中国第三大城市（2）比较级的形式表示最高级的概念比较级+than + any + other +单数名词比较级+than +
24、all the other +复数名词比较级+than + anything (anyone) else【句式链接】（1）as muchas像那样多，和一样多I love you as much as he does.我和他一样爱你He took as much butter as he needed他需要多少黄油就拿了多少（2）not so muchas与其说不如说He was not so much angry as disappointed与其说他生气不如说他失望He is not so much a scholar as a writer.与其说他是个学者，不如说他是个作家（3）as
25、manyas像一样多He has as many books as I have他的书和我的一样多例题8（1）Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs . A. some B. less C. much D. more（2）The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much . A. the best B,. best C. better D. the better（3）How did you fi
26、nd your trip to Baohulu Amusement Park?I thought enjoyed it, It was than I expected.A. ever much interesting B. far more interesting C. so far interesting D. a lot much interesting（4）Mum likes this old house in downtown better than the huge one in the country, but it costs almost . A. twice as much
27、B. twice as many C. twice so much D. twice so many（5）Its high time you had your hair cut; its getting . A. too much long B. much too long C. long too much D. too long much二、能力题型设计基础演练1.It said that the electric lamp was by Edison. A. found B. found out C. discovered D. invented2.His parents died whe
28、n he was young, so he was by his aunt. A. taken up B. brought up C. brought out D. grown up3.Can you Mr Smiths telephone number for me? Im not sure about it. A. find out B. find C. discover D. found4.My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever; , he could neither eat nor sleep. A. as a resul
29、t B. after all C. any way D. otherwise5.Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen, dear? one? A. Other B. Every C. Another D. More6.This washing machine is environmentally friendly because it uses water and electricity than models. A. less; older B. less; elder C. fewer; older D. fewer; e
30、lder7.Many people put down their own jobs and joined us a missing child. A. to search B. in searching C. in search of D. to the search of能力提升1.The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be the present one. A. as three times big as B. three times as big as C. as big as three times D. a
31、s big three times as2.Jenny nearly missed the flight doing too much shopping. A. as a result of B. on top of C. in front of D. in need of3.They started off at once the missing girl. A. in search of B. search of C. searched for D. in search for4.Neither side is prepared to talk to unless we can smoot
32、h things over between them. A. others B. the other C. another D. one other5.Workers in this department are not doing their duties. Advanced ways of management must be to make things better. A. brought down B. brought in C. brought on D. brought up6.The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting.
33、Why? Its than the film I have ever seen. A. far more interesting B. much less interesting C. no more interesting D. any less interesting7. in a poor family, Alice studies very hard. A. Taken up B. Brought up C. Raised up D. Grown upSectionGrammar, listening and vocabulary 一、语言知识精讲1.Which sentence is
34、 in the present perfect?哪个句子用的是现在完成时？perfect的用法（1）adj. 完美无瑕的His reading is perfect.他的朗读好极了美好的The weather during the last few days has been perfect.最近这几天天气好极了完全的He is a perfect stranger to us.对我们来说，他完全是个陌生人（2）vt.使完美无瑕They worked hard to perfect their dance.他们努力地使舞蹈变得更加完美例题1（1）He went to Italy to his
35、singing voice. A. finish B. perfect C. complete D. raise（2）Hes been studying for a year old, but already his English is perfect. A. almost B. rather C. very D. more2.Many important discoveries have been made since the beginning of last century.自上世纪初以来有了许多重要的发现since的用法（1）prep.自从引导时间状语从句，既可以与现在完成时连用，也
36、可与过去完成时连用He said that he had been here since last summer.他说他自从去年夏天开始就一直在这儿。since后接时间点而不能接时间段，而for后则接时间段，但可用说sinceago.Hes been there for over two years.(=Hes been there since two years ago)他在那儿住了两年（2）adv.自从It seems she was in class on Friday afternoon, but no one has seen her since.好像星期五下午她还在班上，但自从那以
37、后就没人见过她了。（3）conj.自从（since引导的时间状语从句通常用一般过去时，有时可以用完成时）It was two years since we had been here.那时我们在这里已经两年了既然（引导原因状语从句）Why do people come to his lectures since he is difficult to understand?既然他的话很难听懂，为什么大家还要来听他的演讲呢？例题2（1）Dont promise anything you are 100 percent sure. A. since B. after C. if D. unless（
38、2）After retiring, he continued giving lesson in his Washing home he died last week. A. until B. when C. since D. once（3） the film Slumdog Millionaire has won 8 Oscars, most Indians are not pleased with it. A. As B. If C. Since D. While3.You will become a better pianist if you practise often如果经常练习，你会
39、成为一个更好的钢琴家。practise vt.& vi.练习；操练practise后面的动词一般要用-ing形式。类似practise这种接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词（词组）还有：finsh, enjoy, mind, give up, cant help, suggest, keep等This company is practising a new working hour system.这家公司实行一种新的工时制Youll never learn to ride a bicycle if you dont practise.如果不练习，你永远都学不会骑自行车。He was still p
40、ractising他还在练习.Then they practised writing.然后他们练习写字The soldiers are practising shooting.士兵们在练习射击例题3（1）He practice in spoken English when I came in. A. was making B. was learning C. was putting D. was doing（2）The students making a vowel sound when I passed by. A. are practising B. were learning C. pr
41、actised D. were practising4.measure v. & n.量，计量，丈量，测量，措施Measure for measure一报还一报Measure twice and cut once三思而后行We measured the room and found it was 30 feet long and 18 feet wide, which was big enough for five people to live in.我们量了量这间房间，发现它有30英寸长，18英尺宽，总够五个人居住The tailor measured him carefully befor
42、e making a coat for him裁缝在给他做外套前仔细的为他量了尺寸。They took strong measures against reckless drivers他们对鲁莽的驾驶员采取了强硬的措施【短语链接】be measured in以计算/测量take measures采取措施例题4（1）Its hard to his ability when we havent seen his works. A. guess B. measure C. educate D. weigh（2）Youd better take effective to improve your wo
43、rking conditions A. attitudes B. measures C. ways D. actions二、语法要点总结被动语态三、能力题型设计基础演练1.Before I could get in a word he me. A. measuring B. has measured C. measured D. had measured2. this is only a small town, its crowded with tourists who come here all year round. A. Since B. Unless C. Once D. Although3.Many road accidents occur because motorists cannot the speed of approaching vehicles. A. conclude B. count C. measure D. value4.They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house . A. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuilt C. is rebuilt