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1、Unit 2 English around the worldPeriod 1 Warming upTHE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISHIntroductionIn this period, after the warming up, students will first be guided to answer the question Why do people learn English？Then they will be helped to read an exposition （说明文）entitled THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISH. Its
2、about the development of the English language and the causes for its varieties in use today. ObjectivesTo help students get to know about English developmentTo help students better understand “learning English”To help students understand and use some important words and expressionsTo help students i
3、dentify examples of Indirect Speech (II): request & commands in the textProcedureWarming upThis unit seeks to give us a better understanding of how English developed and how it is spoken in the world.How much do you know about English? It is the official language of many countries, such as USA, Engl
4、and, Canada, Ireland It has a long history. There are two kinds of English: AmE and BrE Many Chinese are learning English.The differences between British English and American English.BrEAmEvocabularyspellingpronunciationChineseBrEAmE电梯liftelevator汽油petrolgas, gasoline公寓flatapartment秋天autumnfall地铁und
5、ergroundsubway垃圾rubbishgarbage垃圾箱dustbintrash can假期holidayvacation两周fortnighttwo weeks1. Do you know that there is more than one kind of English in the world? 你知道世界上不止有一种英语吗？ more than one +名词单数, 后面的谓语动词用单数。 More than one student _(want) togo to swim.more than 还可以与名词、形容词、副词、动词、动名词连用，意为 “不只是，非常” Both
6、 of them are much more than schoolmates. They are close friends. 他们俩远不只是同学, 他们是知心朋友。more than 的反义短语是less than, 意为 “少于”We advertised for pupils last autumn, and got _ 60. A. more than B. more of C. as much as D. so many as2. In some important ways they are very different from one another.在某些重要方面, 它们彼
7、此有些差异。 inway (s)/bymeans 在方面We should solve this problem in a different way.=We should solve this problem by different means. Reading IIPre-reading1. Lead in: We are learning English here. But why are we learning it? Could you suggest to the class as many reasons as you can think of, why people in t
8、he world learn English? for work, as a hobby, to learn about other people, to travel, to read literature in the original, to read research papers, to meet foreigners, to surf the Internet, to pass exams, etc. 2. Skimming the text for general ideasNow we go to page 9 to skim the text for the main ide
9、a of each paragraph.Paragraph 1: The spread of the English language in the worldParagraph 2: Native speaker can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.Paragraph 3: English changes and develops when cultures meet and communicate with each other.Paragraph 4: By the 19th
10、 century English is settled.Paragraph 5: English is spoken as a foreign language or second language in South Asia.4. Making a diagram of the text and retell the textRead for the organization of the text and make a diagram of the text organization. The road to modern EnglishThe spread of the English
11、language in the worldAll languages changing and developing Native speaker understanding each otherBy the 19th century the language being settledEnglish spoken as a foreign language or second language in South Asia4. Reading and fillingDetails:1Read Para. 3 and find out why and how English changed ov
12、er time.Time language relatedReasons AD 450-1150Germanruled by German1150-1500French ruled by Norman (French) In the 1600sa wider vocabularyAmerican English; Australian EnglishShakespeareNoah WebsterBritish went to AustraliaRead Para.4 and find out why India takes English as second language. India w
13、as ruled by BritainDo you know any other kinds of English formed for this reason? pptIntroduce two important persons: Samuel Johnson& Noah Webster Details:2Decide whether the statement are True (T) or false (F) according to the passage. /ppt1. Chinese English has become one of the world Englishes.2.
14、 Between about AD 450 and 1150, English was less like German, and more like French. 3. It is The American Dictionary of the English Language that gives American English spelling its own identity. 4. English is spoken as the first language in Singapore and Malaysia.5. Reading and copyingNext we shall
15、 go over the text once more. This time try find and copy all the useful expressions down in your notebook. Useful expressionsat the end of, make voyages, speak English as, in the next century, change over time, communicate with, be based on, at present, become less like, rule England, enrich the Eng
16、lish language, make use of, move to, later in the 18th century, give a separate identity to, have a very large number of, fluent English speakers, develop ones own identity, increase rapidly6. Learning about language points1. because of后边加名词或动名词短语 because是连词, 所以后边跟句子 He came to work late because he
17、got up late. He came to work late because of getting up late. 考例 The open-air celebration has been put off _ the bad weather. (浙江 2007)A. in case of B. in spite of C. instead of D. because of 2. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. 把英语作为
18、母语的人相互之间可以交流, 即使他们说的不是同一种英语。even if= (even though)是连词词组， 用来引导让步状语从句，even if /even thougheven if 从句所说的不肯定；而even though从句所说的则是事实He will not let out the secret even if he knows it. He will not let out the secret even though he knows it.native可以作名词，意为： 本地人，本国人；也可以作形容词，意为：本国的，本土的。例如：1） When were on holid
19、ay in Greece, we live like the natives.2.） Are you a native of this country, or just a visitor?3.） The giant panda is native to China.4.） After a long stay in England hes back in his native land.拓展 native speaker生来就说某种语言的人。如：a native speaker of French / English1.) He has been away from _（他的故土中国） for
20、 three years.2.) Hes _ （美国人） but now lives in England.5. come up 上来, 走近; 被提出; 发芽; 升起 译：问题在会议中被提出来了。The problem came up in the e across 偶然遇到或找到come back 再现记忆come down 传承, 按习惯通过或处理come on 催促, 快速运动come out 成为众所周知; 发行或发表come up 出现, 显示；被提出来come true 实现come up with 宣布或发现；想出，提出（想法；建议；计划）come to 谈到；涉及；达到Whe
21、n it comes to 当谈到的时候 (重要句型)The in-store experience is unique when it comes to customer service.6. actually/in fact/as a matter of fact 事实上，实际上7. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. 翻译 起初在大约公元450年到1150年间英国人所讲的英语与人们现在所讲
22、的英语很不一样。The speech _was a great success. PPt 那个教授所作的演讲很成功。given by that professor（given by that professor 作the speech的定语）8. base可以作名词，意为： 总部，基础；也可以作动词， 意为：以为根据，常用于base sth. on / upon sth. 结构。 That company has offices all over the world, but their base is in Paris. Many languages have Latin as their
23、base. This novel is based on facts. 翻译下列句子。1.) 这出戏以真事为基础。2.) 我很多时间在英国度过，但主要还是住在中国。9. present (adj.) 目前的, 现在的You should pay more attention to the present situation.At present more and more teachers have become educators. 目前越来越多教师成为教育家。10 . Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than e
24、ver before. 莎士比亚使用了比以前更为广泛的词汇量。make (good/full/no) use of 使用We could make good use of our resources.Every minute should be made good use of. 11. India has a very large number of fluent English speakers a number of 大量的（其后谓语动词用复数） A number of people have come. the number of 的数目（其后谓语动 词用单数） The number
25、of homeless people has increased.只能修饰可数名词的： a large/ great/ good number of, a good/ great many, dozens of, scores of, quite a few 只能修饰不可数名词的：a great deal of, a large amount of, quite a little, a large sum of 既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词的：plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a large quantity of12. Only time will tell. 时
26、间会证明一切。 tell 知道, 判断 Its hard to tell whether he is right. tell A from B: 区分，分别 Can you tell Tom from his twin brother?Ex请选用方框内所给短语的适当形式完成下列句子。such as； because of； base on； come up； believe it or not； at the end of1. He realized that she was crying _ what he had said.2. _, John has passed the driving
27、 test.3. This book is _ a true story.4. A beggar _ to us and asked for money.5. They had an English exam _ last month.6. Girls _ Ann and Lucy are very friendly.用适当的介词填空。1. Youd better make full use _ your time.2. You will find the hospital _ the end of the road.3. The church is close _ the school.4.
28、 We have friends all _ the world. 5. As everybody knows, China has the largest number _ people.6. _ the 1980s, he went to America. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。1. It was easy to tell the n_ from the tourists.2. There was no need to pay rent for an empty a_.3. There are many s_ mistakes; even s
29、o its quite a good essay.4. We still dont know the i_ of the other man in the picture.5. The ten most f_ asked questions are listed below.6. Reading is one of the best ways of improving your _ （词汇量）.7. As the weeks passed, I _ （逐渐地）loved to live there.8. He was the son of a(n) _ （丹麦的）father and a Br
30、itish mother.9. One can travel there by ship or plane. Most people choose the _（后者）.10. She speaks _ （流利的）though not very correct English.Fill in the blanks to complete the summary of the text. (选)British English, 1_ as Standard English or Oxford English, underwent 2 _ as the colonization 3 _ North
31、American and the creation 4 _ the United States occurred. British English words changed 5 _ American English words, such 6 _ centre to center, metre to meter, theatre to theater, favour 7 _ favor, honour to honor, labour to labor, neighbour 8 _ neighbor, cheque to check, connexion 9 _ connection, ga
32、ol to jail, the storey of a house 10 _ story, and tyre for tire. Since 1900, words 11 _ consistent spelling but different meanings 12 _ British English to American English include: 13 _ let for to rent, dual carriageway 14 _ divided highway, lift for elevator, amber for yellow, 15 _ ring for to tele
33、phone, zebra crossing for pedestrian crossing, and pavement for sidewalk. （Keys: 1known 2 changes 3 of 4 of 5 into 6 as 7 to 8 to 9 to 10 to 11 with 12 from 13 to 14 for 15 to）Work out the structure and vocabulary questions.1. I think Shanxi has the _ number of coal miners. 2. So why has Mr Li chang
34、ed _ time?3. All people change when thoughts communicate _ one another.4. His report is based more on facts _ present day situation.5. He became less like a father, and _ like a friend because those who worked for him were all women.6. One big change in his life happened _ he got the job.7. Chinese
35、English has become one of the world _.8. Now this company has had its _ identity.9. The writer made use of a _ vocabulary than anyone else. 10. However, even on TV and the radio you will notice differences in the _ people behave. (Keys: 1 largest, 2 over, 3 with 4 than, 5 more, 6 when, 7 Englishes,
36、8 own, 9 wider, 10 way) Using language 汉语方言分布图1. Why are there so many dialects in the US? 2. Whats the standard English?Example: keys or kiss One friend of mine was giving an English lesson to a class of adults who had recently come to live in the United States. After placing quite a number of ever
37、yday objects on a table he asked various members of the class to give him the ruler, the book, the penand so on. The class went very smoothly, and the students seemed interested and serious about the work that they were engaged in until my friend turned to an Italian and said, “Give me the keys.” Th
38、e man looked surprised and somewhat at a loss (有点手足无措). Seeing this, my friend thought thatthe student hadnt heard him clearly, so he repeated, “Give me the keys.” The Italian shrugged(耸肩) his shoulders. Then, he threw his arms around the teachers neck and kissed him on both cheeks.In China, there a
39、re so many local dialects although the government encourage the whole nation to speak putonghua, which regarded as “standard” Chinese. However, local people also speak their own dialects. 1. What is standard English? 什么是标准英语? standard (n.)标准, 规格 (adj.) 标准的 meet standard 符合标准 standard of living 生活水平
40、on a standard 根据某一标准2. Believe it or not, theres no such a thing as standard English. Believe it or not, she cheated in the exam.Believe it or not, all the people present have agreed to the plan.no such thing as 没有这回事suchas: 象一样的; 诸如之类的1.） Such students as you should have a bright future.2.） I dont
41、like such a person as Mary. 3. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. 这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员讲极好的英语。当一个句子的主语为this, that或it时， 可以用because引导表语从句。如：那是因为他不喜欢咖啡。 That is because he doesnt like coffee. 那或许是因为考试太难了。It may be because
42、the exam was too difficult. 3.expect : Vt. 期望，预料，认为，预期usage: expect sb to do sth指望预料某人做某事 Sb be expected to do sth expect +that-clause认为预想 expect sb/sth 期待着某人或某事物的到来 expect to do sth 指望希望做某事I expect so. 我想是这样。 I expect not. I dont expect so.4. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences i
43、n the way people speak. 然而, 甚至在电视上或收音机里都会听到人们在说话时的差异。 the way后面接定语从句时, 关系代词用that/in which或不用关系代词。 I did it in the way that/in which you taught me.Ppt I dont like _ you speak to her.A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which5. America English has many dialects, especially the
44、Midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects. 美国英语有很多方言, 尤其是在中西部, 南部, 黑人和西班牙方言。 especially 尤其, 表达事物不寻常或特别重要 specially 专门(指专为某一目的)Our garden is beautiful, especially in autumn.I came here specially to see you. 6. Geography also plays a part in making dialects. 地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。 play a pa
45、rt in的意思是：起重要作用； 扮演角色。 He has played an important part in saving the girl.He was invited to play a part in this TV拓展：play a role in与play a part in的意思相同，常可以互换。表示“扮演角色”还可以用act, act a / the role of等。如：Who is acting Hamlet?She is acting the role of Juliet. 即学即练 根据括号内的提示，用play a part in的适当形式完成句子。1. My friend Jim is looking forward to _（扮演角色的机会）this series.2. A good diet _ _ （在帮助人们长寿方面起着非常大的作用）.7. Alt