《中考英语语法名师精讲复习课件：并列句和复合句优秀PPT.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中考英语语法名师精讲复习课件：并列句和复合句优秀PPT.ppt（41页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、并列句和复合句一、并列句一、并列句 由由并并列列连连词词把把两两个个或或两两个个以以上上的的简简洁洁句句连连接接起起来来的的句句子子叫叫作并列句。常作并列句。常见见分分类类：1.表表示示同同等等、平平行行或或承承接接关关系系，常常用用连连词词and，both.and，not only.but also.，neither.nor.，as well as等。等。2.表表示示转转折折关关系系，常常用用连连词词but，yet(然然而而),however(然然而而),while(而而)等。等。3.表表示示选选择择关关系系，常常见见连连词词or，not.but(不不是是而而是是),either.or.(要
2、么要么要么要么)等。等。4.表示因果关系，常表示因果关系，常见连词见连词because,as，for(因因为为),so等。等。二、复合句二、复合句 由由一一个个主主句句和和一一个个或或一一个个以以上上的的从从句句构构成成的的句句子子叫叫作作复复合合句句。从从句句需需由由关关联联词词引引导导。初初中中英英语语教教材材主主要要涉涉及及的的复复合合句句有有状状语语从句、从句、宾语宾语从句和定从句和定语语从句。从句。考点一考点一 状状语语从句从句 状状语语从句在复合句中起状从句在复合句中起状语语的作用，修的作用，修饰饰主句中的主句中的谓语谓语、形容形容词词或副或副词词。状。状语语从句由从属从句由从属连
3、词连词引引导导，从属，从属连词连词不充当句不充当句子成分，只起子成分，只起连连接作用。依据意接作用。依据意义义上的不同，状上的不同，状语语从句可分从句可分为为：时间时间状状语语从句、条件状从句、条件状语语从句、目的状从句、目的状语语从句、从句、让让步状步状语语从句、从句、缘缘由状由状语语从句、从句、结结果状果状语语从句、比从句、比较较状状语语从句、地点状从句、地点状语语从句从句等。等。从句类型从句引导词例句时间状语从句when,while,before,after,until,since,as soon asHe didnt get home until 9 p.m.last night.他直
4、到昨天晚上九点才到家。Ill call you up as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。条件状语从句if,unless,as long asYoull be kept out of the party unless you have an invitation.如果没有请柬，您是无法参加这个聚会的。从句类型从句引导词例句目的状语从句so that,in order thatThe new company gave away lots of ads in order that people can get to know it.这家新公司散发了
5、大量广告以加强人们对它的了解。让步状语从句though/although,even if,whatever,wherever,wheneverThe whole library was in silence,although there were nearly 500 people reading in it.尽管有将近500人在看书，但整座图书馆却寂静无声。从句类型从句引导词例句原因状语从句because,since,as,forSince everyone is here,lets begin our meeting.既然大家都到齐了，我们开始开会吧。结果状语从句so.that,such.
6、thatYao Ming plays basketball so well that many Americans have also become his fans.姚明篮球打得如此好以至于很多美国人也成了他的粉丝。从句类型从句引导词例句比较状语从句than,as.as.,not as/so.as.Im as old as Bob.我和鲍勃年龄一样大。地点状语从句where,whereverWhere there is a will,there is a way.哪里有希望，哪里就有出路。（有志者，事竟成）状状语语从句的留意事从句的留意事项项1.条件状条件状语语从句和从句和时间时间状状语语从
7、句中的从句中的时态时态(1)如果主句使用一般将来时，条件状语从句和时间状语从句中使用一般现在时表示将来的动作Your dream must come true if you work hard.如果努力，你的梦想一定会实现。Im going to be an engineer when I grow up.长大后我想成为一名工程师。(2)如果主句使用过去进行时，时间状语从句中一般使用过去时态We were watching TV when my father got back.爸爸回来时我们在看电视。元贝驾考网 :/ 科目一 科目三 仿真试题2.时时间间状状语语从从句句中中not.until.
8、（直直到到才才）与与before/after引引导导的从句的的从句的转换转换。I went to bed after I finished my homework.=I didnt go to bed until I finished my homework.直到做完作直到做完作业业我才去睡我才去睡觉觉。3.结结果状果状语语从句中的特殊句式从句中的特殊句式(1)祈使句+and+简单句：祈使句表示条件，and引导的简单句表示在条件的基础上产生的良好结果，前后句意统一Eat more vegetables and less meat,and youll keep in good health.多吃
9、菜少吃肉，你会保持健康的。(2)祈使句+or+简单句：祈使句表示条件，or引导的简单句表示在违背条件的基础上可能产生的不良后果，前后句意对立。or在句中表示“否则”，可与if引导的从句进行替换Keep quiet,or you wont hear what the teacher says.=Keep quiet,and you will hear what the teacher says.=If you dont keep quiet,you wont hear what the teacher says.保持安静，否则你听不见老师在说什么。(3)so.that.（如此以至于）与too.t
10、o.（太而不能）和not.enough to.（不足以）句式的转换He is so young that he cant look after himself.=He is too young to look after himself.=He is not old enough to look after himself.他如此年轻以至于他不能照顾自己。考点二考点二 宾语宾语从句从句 一、在主从复合句中作一、在主从复合句中作宾语宾语的句子叫作的句子叫作宾语宾语从句。从句。二、二、宾语宾语从句的四个考点：从句的四个考点：时态主句是现在时，从句根据实际情况使用相应时态主句是过去时，从句使用过去时
11、的某种形式从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时语序从句一律用陈述语序，即主语+谓语连接词that在从句中作宾语时可以省略；作主语时不能省略what,when,where,how,whatever,whenever,wherever,who,whom,whose等特殊疑问词作连接词当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时，连接词用whether或if，表示是否人称一随主，二随宾，三不变【温馨提示】【温馨提示】当当主主句句谓谓语语动动词词为为think，suppose，guess,believe等等词词，主主语语为为第一人称，从句表达否定意第一人称，从句表达否
12、定意义时义时，形式上，形式上应应否定主句。例如：否定主句。例如：I dont think that he is right.我我认为认为他不他不对对。考点三考点三 定定语语从句从句 一、基本构成一、基本构成1.定定义义：在在复复合合句句中中作作定定语语，修修饰饰主主句句中中某某一一名名词词或或代代词词的的从从句句叫叫作作定定语语从从句句。被被定定语语从从句句修修饰饰的的词词叫叫先先行行词词，通通常常位位于于定定语语从句之前。从句之前。2.句句式式：含含有有定定语语从从句句的的复复合合句句基基本本结结构构：先先行行词词+关关系系词词+定定语语从句。从句。二、关系代二、关系代词词的基本用法的基本用
13、法作主语作宾语作定语指人who/thatwho/whom/that/省略whose指物which/thatwhich/that/省略whose Do you know the girl who/that has won the first prize in the singing competition?你相你相识识歌咏歌咏竞赛竞赛中中获获得一等得一等奖奖的那个女孩的那个女孩吗吗？Many laugh-making stars whose master is Zhao Benshan have become famous these years.近年来很多近年来很多师师承承赵赵本山的笑星成名了
14、。本山的笑星成名了。【温馨提示】【温馨提示】1.以下状况只用以下状况只用that：(1)先行词前有最高级或序数词修饰The Transformers is the greatest movie that I have ever seen.变形金钢是我看过的最棒的一部电影。The first gift that I got from Uncle Liu was a toy panda.我从刘叔叔那里得到的第一件礼物是一只玩具熊猫。(2)先行词前有only，all,any，no，last，just，very等词修饰Miss Yu seems to be the only teacher that
15、can help us now.现在可以帮助我们的老师好像只有于老师了。(3)先行词是something，anything，nothing，everything，little，few，many，all，no，none等Is there anything that I can do for you?我可以为你做点什么？(4)先行词既有人又有物I love the schools and teachers that give me happiness.我喜爱给我带来欢乐的学校和老师。2.以下状况只用以下状况只用who/whom:(1)先行词是anyone,anybody,one,ones,thos
16、e等Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.任何违法之人都将受到处罚。(2)在there be结构中，先行词指人时，关系代词用whoThere are some boys who are playing basketball on the playground.操场上有些男孩在打篮球。3.以下状况只用以下状况只用which：(1)引导词前有介词且先行词指物This is the house in which Im living.这就是我住的房子。(2)非限制性定语从句中He bought a new computer,which can work
17、faster and better.他买了台新电脑，这台电脑可以工作得更快更好。三、关系副三、关系副词词的基本用法的基本用法用 法例句when表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词是表示时间的名词（year，season，day等）I still remember the days when we worked together.我仍然记得我们在一起工作的日子。where表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词是表示地点的名词（place，school，room等）This is the school where we once studied.这就是我们曾经学习过的学校。why表示原因
18、，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词只有表示原因的reason一词Can you tell me the reason why he hasnt come here?你能告诉我他不来这儿的原因吗？【巧学妙【巧学妙记记】定】定语语从句的用法从句的用法主句型，从句型，两种句子要完整。主句型，从句型，两种句子要完整。从句从句紧紧跟先行跟先行词词，关系，关系词词引引导导要弄清。要弄清。定人要用定人要用who或或whom，定物，定物which当先用。当先用。关系代关系代词词用用that，定人定物有本事。，定人定物有本事。when用来定用来定时间时间，where用来定地点。用来定地点。关系代关系代词词作成分
19、，唯作作成分，唯作宾语宾语可省略。可省略。单项选择单项选择1.(2012达州中考达州中考)Do you enjoy My heart will go on?No,I prefer songs _ loud.A.that is B.which isC.that are D.what are【解解析析】选选C。由由先先行行词词songs指指物物且且在在定定语语从从句句中中作作主主语语可可知知关关系系代代词词为为that/which，再再由由先先行行词词为为复复数数形形式式可可知知定定语语从从句句的谓语为的谓语为are。2.（2012六六盘盘水水中中考考）Do you know if we will
20、 go for a picnic this Saturday?I think we will if we _ any classes.A.wont have B.didnt haveC.dont have D.arent having【解析】【解析】选选C。在。在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。3.(2012恩施中考恩施中考)I dont know when _ tomorrow?I will call you as soon as he _.A.will he come;arrivesB.he will come;arrivesC.he w
21、ill come;will arrive【解解析析】选选B。when引引导导的的宾宾语语从从句句用用陈陈述述语语序序；as soon as 引引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，故选导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，故选B。4.（2012达达州州中中考考）That actor often joins in different activities in Beijing.Do you know _?For 5 years.A.how soon he will come backB.how long he has stayed thereC.how long has he stayed the
22、reD.how often does he go there【解解析析】选选B。由由宾宾语语从从句句的的语语序序为为陈陈述述语语序序可可解解除除C、D；再再由由答答语语是是for引引导导的的时时间间状状语语可可知知宾宾语语从从句句是是how long引引导导的的，故故选选B。5.（2011广广东东中中考考）The first thing _ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter.A.which B.that C.why D.who【解解析析】选选B。在在定定语语从从句句中中若若先先行行词词是是物物且且被被序序
23、数数词词修修饰饰时时关系代词用关系代词用that，故选，故选B。6.(2011济济南南中中考考)Julie,do you know _ yesterday afternoon?By bus.I guess.A.when Mr.Green will get to Quancheng SquareB.when will Mr.Green get to Quancheng SquareC.how Mr.Green got to Quancheng SquareD.how did Mr.Green get to Quancheng Square【解解析析】选选C。考考查查宾宾语语从从句句的的用用法法。
24、依依据据回回答答中中的的By bus我我们们可可以以推推断断是是对对交交通通方方式式的的提提问问。A和和B选选项项中中when不不符符合合句句意意；又又宾语宾语从句从句须须用用陈陈述述语语序，而序，而D选项为选项为疑疑问语问语序。故序。故选选C。7.（2011兰兰州州中中考考）Jane is one of the students in the class _ have ever been to China.A.who B.whose C.which D.whom【解解析析】选选A。由由先先行行词词是是students，且且在在定定语语从从句句中中作作主主语语，因此用关系词因此用关系词who。
25、故选。故选A。8.（2011山山西西中中考考）Mr.Li,I found a watch on the playground.You should try to find out _.A.whose is the watchB.who is the owner of the watchC.whom does the watch belong to【解析】【解析】选选B。宾语宾语从句从句应应当用当用陈陈述述语语序，故序，故选选B。9.（2011宁宁波波中中考考）What a new computer!Can you tell me _?Just the day before yesterday.
26、A.how much you paid for itB.how much did you pay for itC.when you bought itD.when did you buy it【解解析析】选选C。从从句句应应用用陈陈述述语语序序，故故解解除除B项项和和D项项；由由答答语语“前前天天”知知问问的的是是时时间间：“你你能能告告知知我我什什么么时时候候买买的的吗吗?”，故故选选C。10.（2011广广东东中中考考）Lets go fishing if it _ this weekend.But nobody knows if it _.A.is fine;will rain B.wi
27、ll be fine;rainsC.will be fine;will rain D.is fine;rains【解解析析】选选A。第第一一个个if作作“假假如如”讲讲，引引导导条条件件状状语语从从句句，从从句句用用一一般般现现在在时时表表将将来来。其其次次个个if作作“是是否否”讲讲引引导导宾宾语语从从句句，可可以用将来以用将来时时。故。故选选A。11.（2011呼呼和和浩浩特特中中考考）Is there anyone here _ name is Betty?Sorry,I dont know.A.who B.which C.whom D.whose【解解析析】选选D。在在定定语语从从句句
28、中中先先行行词词anyone是是人人且且与与name之之间间存在所属关系，故用存在所属关系，故用whose。12.（2011临临沂沂中中考考）The policeman asked the small girl _.A.why she was crying B.why was she crying C.why she is crying D.why is she crying【解解析析】选选A。宾宾语语从从句句用用陈陈述述语语序序，再再由由主主句句是是一一般般过过去去时时可确定从句时态为过去时，故答案为可确定从句时态为过去时，故答案为A项。项。金手指驾校 :/jszjx 金手指驾驶员考试201
29、6科目一 科目四Grammar Focus13.（2011襄襄阳阳中中考考）Do you know the man _ is reading the book over there?Yes,hes Mr.Green,our PE teacher.A.which B.what C.whom D.who【解解析析】选选D。先先行行词词the man 是是人人，且且在在定定语语从从句句中中作作主主语语，应用关系代词应用关系代词who。14.（2011温州中考温州中考)Jack,could you tell me _?Sure.In the post office on Green Road.A.wh
30、ere you bought the stampsB.where did you buy the stampsC.when you bought the stampsD.when did you buy the stamps【解解析析】选选A。由由答答语语In the post office on Green Road可可知知问问句句中中的的宾宾语语从从句句的的引引导导词词应应当当是是对对地地点点进进行行提提问问的的，由由宾宾语语从从句要用陈述语序可知选句要用陈述语序可知选A。15.（2011泰泰安安中中考考）Tom wants to know if you will have a picnic tomorrow.Yes.But if it _,well play chess instead.A.will rain B.rained C.is raining D.rains【解析】【解析】选选D。在。在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。