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1、八年级上册 Units 3-401核心考点详解 考点1 Both Sam and Tom can play the drums,but Sam plays them better than Tom.萨姆和汤姆都会敲鼓，但萨姆敲得比汤姆好。(Unit 3 P17)【辨析】both，either，neither，all，any 与 none单词范围含义共同点both两者表示“（两者）都”。（1）均可作主语或作主语的限定语（none 除外）。其中 both 的谓语为复数 形式，either，any 的谓语为单数形式。如：What would you like to drink，milk or jui
2、ce？你想喝点什么，牛奶还是果汁？Both are OK./Either is OK.两种都可以。/任何一种都可以。either表示“（两者中的）任何一个”。 neither 表 示“（两者）都不”。单词范围含义共同点all三者 或三者以上表示“（三者或三者以上）都”。（2）都可与 of 连用，其后常跟名词或代词复 数，表示“中的”。如：Both of the girls are French.这两个女孩都是法国人。You can keep either of the photos.你可以在两张照片中任选一张保留。None of us have/has seen him.我们谁也没有见过他。表
3、示“（三者或三者以上中的）任何一个”。可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句中。any none 表示“（三者或三者以上）都不”。单词范围 含义共同点注：(1)any 用于肯定句中意为“任一”，用 于否定句或疑问句中意为“一些”。(2)any/none of 后面可跟不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。(3)“neither/none of+名词或代词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可。u 一看数量：三者或三者以上用 all/any/none;两者用 both/either/neither。u 二看肯否：all/both/either 表肯定；none/neither 表否定。巧学妙记用上表中的不
4、定代词填空。1.Old Mr.Smith lives happily with his three dogs._ of them are part of his family. 2.We only need one person，so_ of you two can come to work here.3.Which of the two subjects do you prefer，music or art? _.They re really interesting.4.They were all very tired，but_of them stopped to have a rest.A
5、ll学以致用eitherBothnone5.I invited John and Linda to dinner，but_ of them came.6.Id like another banana，but there isnt_ left.neitherany 考点2 Tara works as hard as Tina.塔拉和蒂娜学习一样努力。(Unit 3 P18)【点拨】同级比较的句型用法如下：情形句型含义例句 当被比较的双方在性质、特征、程度等方面相同时as+形容词/副词原级+as前者和后者一样Tom is as tall as Jack.汤姆和杰克一样高。情形句型含义例句 当被比较
6、的双方在性质、特征、程度等方面不 相同时not so/as+形容词/副词原级+as前者不如后者Kate doesnt run so/as fast as Mary.凯特不如玛丽跑得快。【拓展】（1）表示 A 是 B 的多少倍时，用“A+be 动词+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构。如：This building is four times as high as that one.这栋楼是那栋楼的四倍高。（2）原级比较的否定式可以和比较级互换。如：This book isnt as interesting as that one.=That book is more interesting
7、 than this one.这本书不如那本书有趣。/那本书比这本书更有趣。 ( )1.Did John get Number 1 in the math exam?Yes,no one did so _as him.A.goodB.well C.betterD.best( )2.The talent show is_the game show.I like both. A.as boring asB.not so bored asC.as interesting asD.not so interested as学以致用BC 考点3 You can tell that Lisa really
8、wanted to win,though.然而你可以看出丽莎真的很想赢。(Unit 3 P18) 【辨析】win，beat 与 lose单词过去式及过去分词含义用法winwon-won 赢；获胜 win+事物(game/match/prize/war)beatbeat-beaten 打败；战胜beat+sb./a teamloselost-lost 输lose to sb.输给某人We won the game at last.我们最终赢得了比赛。Yesterday I beat him at chess. 昨天象棋比赛我赢了他。He lost to an American player at
9、 the last Olympics.他在上次奥运会上输给了一个美国选手。( )1.Who_the writing competition yesterday?Peter.He_ the others. A.beat;beatB.beat;won C.won;wonD.won;beat( )2.Their football team was_in that important game. A.wonB.beatenC.failedD.lost学以致用 DB考点4 But I think friends are like booksyou dont need a lot of them as l
10、ong as theyre good.但是我认为朋友就像书籍不在多而贵在好。(Unit 3 P21)【点拨】as long as 在这里引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”，也可以用 so long as 表达同样的意思。如：My parents dont care what job I do as/so long as Im happy.我父母对我从事什么工作无所谓，只要我开心就好了。【辨析】 as soon as 与 as long as词组含义用法例句as soon as 一就引导时间状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句是一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时。I will call you a
11、s soon as I get there.我一到那里就给你打电话。尽快、尽早侧重于“极短时间内”，常构成 as soon as possible 或 as soon as I can，在句中作状语。Ill finish the work as soon as possible/I can.我将尽快完成工作。词组含义用法例句as longas只要引导条件状语从句，相当于 so long as。You may use my dictionary as/so long as you dont keep it too long.只要使用时间不太长，你可以用我的词典。和一样长用于同级比较的句型中。Th
12、is ruler is as long as that one.这把尺子和那把一样长。长达 之久for as long as+一段时间 I have lived here for as long as 10 years.我已经在这儿住了长达10年之久。( )1.When will you return the book to me?Ill give it back to you_ I finish reading it. A.untilB.as soon asC.unlessD.so that( )2.Well certainly enter a good university we work
13、 hard.Yes.Our dream will come true_ by working hard. A.as soon asB.as long asC.as far asD.even ifB学以致用B02课后作业.词汇运用。pete v. _n.比赛；竞赛；竞争2.talent n. _adj.有才能的；有才干的 3.true adj. _adv.真正；确实 _n.真相；事实4.serious adj. _adv.严重地；严肃地；认真地 5.say v. _n.谚语；格言；警句6.cheap adj. _adv.便宜地；低廉地基础过关competitiontalentedtrulytru
14、thseriouslysayingcheaply7.careful adj. _adv.细致地；小心地；谨慎地 _（反义词）粗心的8.serve v. _n.接待；服务9.create v. _adj.有创造力的；创造性的 _n.创造力；独创性 _n.创造者；创作者 _n.创造；创作基础过关carefullycarelessservicecreativecreativitycreatorcreation10.perform v. _n.表演者；演员 _n.表演基础过关performerperformance.单项选择。( )1.Do you think March is_than Januar
15、y?Yes,its_warmer. A.worse;veryB.well;much C.better;a littleD.nicer;quite( )2.Mr.Li asks us to remember that_.careful we are,_ mistakes we will make. A.the more;the fewerB.the fewer;the moreC.the more;the moreD.the less;the fewer基础过关AC( )3.Im short,so I want to be_. A.heavierB.largerC.tallerD.bigger(
16、 )4.Mr.Smith thinks running is_than gymnastics(体操). A.very popularB.more popularC.most popularD.the most popular( )5.Look!Bettys dress is beautiful,but my dress is_more beautiful than _! A.very;herB.much;hersC.very;hersD.much;her基础过关BCB( )6.You must try your best_the work next week. A.finishingB.to
17、finishC.finishD.finishes( )7.Could you please tell me_ ?Yes.There is one on Center Street. A.where I can buy some stampsB.when you will take your vacationC.how to go to Center StreetD.if there are any good movie theaters基础过关DB( )8.Chiang Mai(清迈) has been one of_tourist places for Chinese since the m
18、ovieLost in Thailand(泰囧) was shown. A.hotB.hotterC.hottestD.the hottest( )9.“Food Safety” problem is becoming_ these days.I think so.The government must do something to deal with it. A.smaller and smallerB.worse and worseC.better and betterD.nicer and nicer基础过关BD( )10.Why does Tina look so_ today?Sh
19、es won the first prize in English contest. A.happierB.happyC.happiestD.happily基础过关B.短文填空。 Chinatown is the name given to an area in the middle of London.It is a large Chinese community_a lot of Chinese restaurants,Chinese supermarkets and shops. In the 1950s,it was a poor area and everything was ver
20、y cheap.At the same time,the world rice market changed and thousands of farm workers in Hong Kong_their jobs.As a result,they began arriving in London to look for work.They found jobs in the restaurants in this area.能力提升withlostThese restaurant workers often worked 17 hours a day and had no time to
21、learn English._came and joined their husbands and children came and joined their fathers.As more Chinese arrived,there were_shops than before.The community grew,and Chinatown was born. In the 1970s and 1980s,British born Chinese started to have a better education and this brought economic(经济的) succe
22、ss to the area.Many families moved out of Chinatown,and there was more space left for businesses.Those people_in Chinatown started to put a lot of money into Chinatowns development,so it soon became a popular place forWives/Womenmoreliving/working/stayingtourists._in London knows about Chinatown now
23、. During the Chinese New Year,the streets are seen with flags and thousands of Chinese go into the streets.In their mind,no matter _ quickly the world changes,Chinatown still keeps its old traditions,and although different countries foods can be found in London,Londoners _prefer to go to Chinatown f
24、or the traditional Chinese food.The best restaurants are the ones where the Chinese eat.Everyone/Everybody/Anybody/Anyonehowstill03重点语法讲练形容词与副词知识导图考点1 形容词的用法与构成形容词是描述人或事物的性质、特征或状态的词类,主要用来修饰名词或部分代词。1.形容词的用法功能位置例句定语名词前或不定代词后作定语She is a beautiful girl.她是一个漂亮的女孩。I have something important to say.我有重要的事情
25、要说。表语系动词后作表语Its very cold today.今天非常冷。功能位置例句宾语补足语 keep,make,leave 等动词的宾语后作宾语补足语 You must keep the classroom clean.你必须保持教室干净。名词构成方法意义例词表示天气的名词-y 充满的 多的 cloud-cloudysun-sunny 表示方位的名词-ern方位的 朝方的 west-westernsouth-southern表示称谓的名词-ly般的 friend-friendly2.名词变形容词名词构成方法意义例词表示时间的名词-ly 每的week-weekly day-daily 表
26、示物质的名词-en/-y制成的般的wood-woodensand-sandy表示情感的名词-ful的 有的care-carefulbeauty-beautiful -y 的luck-lucky health-healthy名词构成方法意义例词表示情感的名词-less 不的无 的home-homeless hope-hopeless 表示大洲与国家的名词 -n的人的America-AmericanRussia-Russian要点提醒1.多个形容词作前置定语修饰名词时的顺序：如:a nice large square old brown wooden table 一张又大又漂亮的古老的棕色方木桌2
27、.-ing 与-ed 形容词（考点讲解详见 P89 考点 4）3.形容词作定语通常前置，但以下情况需要后置：修饰不定代词时，如 something new;表语形容词 awake,asleep,alive 等作定语时，如 the only person asleep;else 修饰疑问词或不定代词时，如 what else,nothing else4.enough 作形容词与副词的用法（考点讲解详见 P4445 考点 6）如:a nice large square old brown wooden table 一张又大又漂亮的古老的棕色方木桌2.-ing 与-ed 形容词（考点讲解详见 P89
28、 考点 4）3.形容词作定语通常前置，但以下情况需要后置：修饰不定代词时，如 something new;表语形容词 awake,asleep,alive 等作定语时，如 the only person asleep;else 修饰疑问词或不定代词时，如 what else,nothing else4.enough 作形容词与副词的用法（考点讲解详见 P4445 考点 6）考点2 副词的用法与构成副词是指在句中表示动作或状态特征的词，常用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或句子等，表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。1.副词的分类分类定义例词时间副词表示时间的副词now，then，today，tomorr
29、ow，ago，lately，soon，recently，right now，before 等地点副词表示地点的副词here，there，home，in，out，inside，outside，down，up，upstairs， downstairs,above，back，over 方式副词描绘动作发生方式的副词carefully ， easily ， fast ， happily ， loudly ， quickly ， slowly ，suddenly 分类定义例词程度副词描绘行为、动作或状态的程度的副词 much，a little，very，enough，quite，rather，too，
30、nearly，so，really 频度副词描绘一定时间内动作发生次数的副词 usually，often，sometimes，never，always，hardly（ever），seldom 疑问副词（ 词组） 构成特殊疑问句where ， when ， why ， how ， how long ， how often ， how far ， how soon，how old，how much 分类定义例词连接副词连接句子however,therefore 引导宾语从句how,when,where,why 关系 副词引导定语从句where，when，why 句子副词对句子进行说明，用逗号与主句隔
31、开 fortunately，unfortunately，luckily，unluckily，first of all2.副词的功能与位置功能位置例句状语修饰形容词、副词，常位于被修饰词的前面 Bill is very tall.比尔非常高。修饰动词，一般位于被修饰动词之后 He jumps high.他跳得高。位于句首，修饰整个句子 Luckily,he won the game.幸运的是，他赢得了比赛。表语位于系动词之后Class is over.下课。功能位置例句宾语补足语位于动宾结构后We found Li Hua out when we arrived.当我们到的时候，发现李华出去了。
32、后置定语一般位于被修饰词之后Life here is rich and interesting.这儿的生活富裕且有趣。3.形容词变副词形容词构成方法例词一般情况-lyquick-quickly slow-slowlycareful-carefully 以 y 结尾的双音节词变 y 为 i再加-lyhappy-happily heavy-heavilylucky-luckily 以 y 结尾的单音节词 -lyshy-shyly dry-dryly 形容词构成方法例词以 e结尾开音节词-lywide-widely polite-politely元音字母+e 结尾去 e 加-lytrue-truly
33、 以 le 结尾去 e 加-yterrible-terriblypossible-possibly 特殊变化good-well考点3 形容词、副词比较等级的构成1.规则变化构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加-er 或-estslowfastslower fasterslowestfastest 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的词，在词尾加-r 或-stlarge finelatelargerfiner laterlargest finestlatest 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的词，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er 或-estbig fathotthinbigge
34、r fatter hotterthinnerbiggest fattest hottestthinnest 构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把 y 改为 i，再加-er 或-esteasy happyearlyeasierhappier earliereasiest happiest earliest 多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加 more 或 mostbeautiful carefullymore beautifulmore carefullymost beautifulmostcarefully2. 不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/w
35、ellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther （较远）further（进一步）farthest（最远） furthest（最大限度）oldolder（年纪较大的） elder（较年长的）oldest（年纪最大的）eldest（最年长的）要点提醒1.elder 和 eldest 可用来表示长幼顺序。如：my elder sister 我的姐姐 their eldest son 他们的长子 2.further 除表示“较远”外，还可表示“进一步”；而 farther 仅表示距离。如： T
36、he farther planets are too cold. 更远的行星太冷。Do you need any further help?你还需要更进一步的帮助吗？考点4 比较等级的几种常用句型结构1.原级句型结构意义例句as+ 原级+as与一样She is as tall as her mother.她和她的妈妈一样高。not as/so+原级+as不如The weather here is not as/so hot as that in Wuhan.这儿的天气不如武汉热。2.比较级句型类型结构意义例句两者比较，表示一方超过另一方时比较级+than 比China is larger th
37、an Italy.中国比意大利大。两者比较，表示一方不及另一方时 less+原级+than（此结构不用于单音节词）不如He thinks English is less important than Chinese.他认为英语不如汉语重要。类型结构意义例句表示程度的递增或递减比较级+and+比较级越来越Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.我们的国家正变得越来越强大。两种情况同时变化the+比较级，the+比较级越,越The more,the better.多多益善。类型结构意义例句两者相比较the+比较级+of the two+名词复数较
38、的一个 John is the cleverer of the two boys.约翰是两个男孩中较聪明的那一个。3.最高级句型结构意义例句the+最高级+范围表示三者或三者以上人或物的比较，意为“最”I think spring is the best season of the year.我认为春天是一年中最好的季节。the+ 序数词+ 最高级+ 范围第几最Mike is the second tallest boy in his class.迈克是他们班上第二高的男孩。结构意义例句one of the+最高级+复数名词+范围最之一 Kobe is one of the best bask
39、etball players in the NBA.科比是 NBA 最好的篮球运动员之一。1.修饰比较级常用的词和短语主要有 much,a little,even,still,a lot,far,a bit,any 等。如： It is much colder than yesterday.今天比昨天冷得多。My apple is a little bigger than yours.我的苹果比你的大一点。注意：very,quite 常用于修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。如：他比我高很多。He is very taller than me.（）He is much taller than me.（）
40、2.倍数的表达方式（1）A+be+倍数+as+原级+as+B 如：Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们的学校是他们的三倍大。（2） A+be+ 倍数+ 比较级+than+B 如：The box is twice bigger than that one.这个箱子比那个大一倍。（3）A+be+倍数+the size（length/amount .）+of+B 如：The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球的体积是月球的 49 倍。3.用比较级时要避免与自身进行比较，若比较的对象属于同一范围，要用
41、以下句型表示“比其他任何都”。比较级+than+any other+单数名词 +all the other+复数名词 +anyone/anything elseanyone/anything elseLin Tao is taller than any other student in his class.林涛比他班上其他任何学生都高。Lucy is taller than all the other girls in her class.露西比她班上所有其他的女孩都高。Jack studies harder than anyone else in his class.杰克比班上其他的学生学习
42、都刻苦。一、形容词、副词及其比较级、最高级用法( )1.(2019重庆 A 卷)Youd better leave_,or trouble will come to you. A.livelyB.friendlyC.heavilyD.quickly( )2.(2019重庆 B 卷)Lisa made so many mistakes in her homework,because she didnt do it_enough.A.carefullyB.busily C.quicklyD.warmly语法专练AD( )3.(2019 重 庆 B 卷 )The Hong Kong ZhuhaIma
43、cau Bridge,the worlds_cross sea bridge,won another international prize in December,2018. A.longB.longerC.longestD.the longest( )4.(2019重庆 A 卷)Nobody worked the math problem out.It was_one of all. A.easierB.the easiestC.more difficultD.the most difficult语法专练DC( )5.(2019达州)Ma Lings Chinese isnt so as
44、Wang Mings.I know them very much.But now Ma Ling studies_than Wang Ming does. A.good;harderB.good;hardC.better;harderD.better;better( )6.(2019江西)What do you think of the bands performance?It could be_.I think theyre feeling very nervous. A.good B.betterC.badD.worse语法专练BA( )7.(2019青岛)My brother has a
45、 healthy living habit.He_stays up late,and he is an early bird.A.usuallyB.hardly C.oftenD.always( )8.(2019达州)Anny,my mother never gets up late for my breakfast.What about your mother?My mother,_.Mothers in China do more for us children.A.tooB.also C.eitherD.neither语法专练BC( )9.(2019凉山)Home is_place wh
46、erever you go.East or west,home is the best. A.warmB.warmer C.warmestD.the warmest( )10.(2019南充)Who sings_in your class?Li Jing does. A.most beautifullyB.most beautifulC.more beautifullyD.more beautiful语法专练AD( )11.(2019天津)Jenny will get up_than usual in order to catch the first bus. A.earlyB.very ea
47、rlyC.earlierD.earliest( )12.(2019庆阳)After two years physical training,he was_and healthier. A.weakerB.longerC.strongerD.shorter语法专练CC( )13.(2019盐城) _say that English is too difficult for us to learn.We can learn it well with efforts.A.AlwaysB.Sometimes C.SeldomD.Never( )14.(2019大庆)If there are _peop
48、le driving,there will be _air pollution.Yes,and the air will be fresher. A.less;lessB.less;fewer C.fewer;fewerD.fewer;less语法专练DD( )15.(2019广东)Fishing is one of_activities among the middle aged people. A.popularB.more popularC.most popularD.the most popular( )16.(2019广东)A mobile phone with 5G can sen
49、d videos much_than the one with 4G.A.fastB.faster C.fastestD.the fastest语法专练BD( )17.(2019常州) In the library,students are required to keep and move . A.quiet;quietB.quiet;quietlyC.quietly;quietD.quietly;quietly( )18.(2019滨州)Confucius Institute(孔子学院) has been set up in many other countries.Yes,Chinese
50、 is_spoken in those countries.I am proud of that as a Chinese. A.hardlyB.widelyC.neverD.seldom语法专练BB( )19.(2019孝感)There will be no winner in the trade war between China and the US.I agree.If we cant avoid it,the relationship will get_as time goes on. A.badB.badlyC.worseD.worst( )20.(2019连云港)While wa