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1、品质名词（中英对照）AABC analysis ABC 分析Abnormality 不正常性Abscissa 横坐标Absolute deviation绝对离差Absolute dispersion绝对离势Absolute error绝对误差Absolute frequency绝对次数Absolute number绝对数Absolute reliability绝对可靠度Absolute term绝对项Absolute value绝对值Absolute variation绝对变异Abstract number抽象数Abstract unit抽象单位Accelerated factor加速系数，加
2、速因子Accelerated life test加速寿命试验Accelerated test加速试验Acceleration加速度Acceptable limit允收界限Acceptable process允收制程水平Acceptable quality允收品质Acceptable quality level (AQL)允收质量水平Acceptable reliability level (ARL)允收可靠度水平Acceptability 允收性Acceptability criterion允收标准Acceptance允收，验收Acceptance, probability of允收机率Acc
3、eptance, region of允收区域Acceptance and rejection criteria允收与拒收准则Acceptance boundary允收界限Acceptance coefficient允收系数Acceptance control chart验收管制图Acceptance cost验收费用Acceptance criteria允收准则Acceptance error允收误差Acceptance inspection验收检验Acceptance limit允收界限Acceptance line允收线Acceptance number允收（不良品）数Acceptance
4、 plan验收计划Acceptance procedure验收程序Acceptance/rectification scheme允收/精选方案Acceptance sampling, attribute计数值验收抽样Acceptance sampling, variable计量值验收抽样Acceptance sampling plan验收抽样计划Acceptance sampling scheme验收抽样方案Acceptance test验收试验Acceptance value允收值Acceptance zone允收区域Acceptance product允收品Accepting lot 允收
5、批Access time接近时间，故障诊断时间Accessibility可接近性Accident rate意外率Accidental error偶误，偶然误差Accidental fluctuation偶然波动Accidental movement意外移动Accounting test验算（决算）试验Accumulated operating time累积操作时间Accuracy准确度Accuracy of data数据准确度Accuracy of estimation估计准确度Accuracy of the mean平均数准确度Achieved availability实际可用度Action
6、行动，措施Action, corrective矫正行动（措施）Action control chart 行动管制图Action limit行动界限Active line行动线Active maintenance time实际维护时间Active parallel redundancy主动并复联（置）Active preventive maintenance现行预防维护时间Active redundancy主动复联（置）Active repair time实际修复时间Active standby主动备用Active time运用时间Actual frequency实际次数Actual limit
7、实际界限Actual range实际全距Actual value实际值Adaptability可适应性Adaptive control修改管制Addition theorem加法定理Additivity加法性，可加性Adjusted average修正平均数Adjusted value修正值Adjustment factor调整系数Administration time for a repair修复之管理时间Administrative time 管理时间Adopted value采用值Advisory Group on Reliability of Electronic Equipment
8、(AGREE)电子装备可靠度顾问团Aeronautical Radio, Incorporated (ARINC)航空无线电公司After-sales service售后服务Age年限Age at death死亡年限Age at failure失效年限Age-based maintenance年限基准维护Aggregative method综合法Aging老化Agreement of quality assurance质量保证之协议Agreement on verification method 验（查）证方法之协议Alarm signals警告（报）讯号Alert time待命时间Algeb
9、raic sum代数和Algorism (Algorithm)阿拉伯数字计数法Alias假名Alienation余相关Alignment chart列线图Allocation配当Allocation of reliability可靠度配当Allowable percent defective (Acceptable quality level, AQL)允收不良率（允收质量水平）Allowance允差，裕度Alternative hypothesis对立假设American Management Association (AMA)美国管理协会American National Standard
10、s Institute (ANSI)美国标准协会American Society for Quality Control (ASQC)美国质量管理学会American Society for Mechanical Engineers (ASME)美国机械工程师学会American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)美国材料试验学会American Standard Association (ASA)美国标准协会American Statistical Association (ASA)美国统计协会American War Standards (AW
11、S)美国战时标准Ambient condition周遭条件Analysis, sequential逐次分析Analysis by accumulated frequency累积法，累积次数分析Analysis by non-accumulated frequency次数法，非累积次数分析Analysis of correlation相关分析Analysis of covariance共变异数分析Analysis of means (AVON)平均数分析Analysis of problem问题之分析Analysis of variance (ANOVA)变异数分析Analysis sample
12、分析样本Analytical error分析误差Angular transformation 角度转（变）换Anti-logarithm逆对数Anti-mode逆众数AOQL Sampling Table平均出厂质量界限抽样数Applicability应用性Applied statistics应用统计学Apportionment of reliability可靠度配当Apportionment techniques配当技术Appraisal cost鉴定成本，评估成本Appraisal system评估制度Appraisal of quality质量评估Approach to sequenti
13、al testing逐次试验法Approval of processes and equipment 核准制程与设备Approximate mode近似众数Approximate number 近似数值Approximation近似法，概算AQL (Acceptable quality level)允收（质量）水平Arbitrary average (Assumed average， Arbitrary mean)假定平均数Arbitrary origin假定原点Arbitrary scale假定标度Area bar chart面积条图Area chart (diagram, graph)面积
14、图Area sampling地区抽样Arithmetic average算术平均数Arithmetic cross算术交叉Arithmetic graph算术图Arithmetic line chart算术线图Arithmetic mean算术平均数Arithmetic paper算术纸Arithmetic probability paper算术机率纸Arithmetic progression (Arithmetic series)算术级数，等差级数Arithmetic scale算术标度，等差标度Arithmetic series算术级数，等差级数Army Ordnance Table陆军
15、兵工署（抽样）表Army Service Forces Table陆军（抽样）表序列Array序列Array distribution序列分配（布）Array of data数据序列Assemble装配（组立）Assembled product装配品Assembly装配件Assembly inspection装配检验Assembly quality analysis report装配质量分析报告Assessed failure rate 评估失效率Assessed mean active -maintenance time评估时间现行维护时间Assessed mean life评估平均寿命As
16、sessed mean time between failures评估平均失效间格时间Assessed mean time to failure评估平均失效前时间Assessed reliability 评估可靠度Assessed value 评估值Assessment of subcontractor分包商之评鉴Assignable cause (Special cause)非机遇原因（特殊原因）Assignable variation非机遇变异Associated dependent variable相联因变数Associated variate相联变量Association coeffi
17、cient相联系数Association of attribute品性相联Association table相联表，联合表Assumed mean (Assumed average， Arbitrary average)假定平均数 Assumed median假定中位数Assumed origin假定原点Assurance quality保证质量Assurance function 保证功能Asymmetrical distribution不对称分配（布）Asymmetry不对称Asymptotic distribution趋近分配（布)At random随机Attribute计数值， 属性A
18、ttribute classification品性分类Attribute data计数数据Attribute inspection计数值检验Attribute sampling计数值抽样Attribute sampling plan计数值抽样计划Attribute testing (Go no-go testing)计数值试验（通过与不通过试验）Attribute value计数值Audit稽核Audit for reliability可靠度稽核Audit of decision稽核决策Audit plan稽核计划Audit report稽核报告Auditing report稽核报告Auto-
19、correlation自动相关Automatic switch-over redundancy自动切换复联（置）Automatic test equipment (Am)自动试验装备Auto-regression自动回归Availability可用性， 可用度Average (Mean)平均数， 平均值Average, grand总平均Average, moving 移动平均数Average, sample样本平均数Average, standard error of标准误平均数Average, universe 群体平均数Average, weighted 加权平均数Average amou
20、nt of inspection平均检验数Average and range chart平均数及全距（管制）图Average availability 平均可用度Average deviation (A.D.) (Mean deviation) 平均差Average error (Mean error)平均误差Average number of defects平均缺点数Average of ratios 比例平均数Average outgoing quality (AOQ)平均出厂质量Average outgoing quality curve平均出厂质量曲线Average outgoing
21、quality level平均出厂质量水平Average outgoing quality limit (AOQL) 平均出厂水平Average quality level平均出厂质量界限Average quality level line质量平均线Average quality protection平均质量保护Average range平均全距Average run length (ARL)平均连串长度Average sample number (ASN)平均样品数Average range平均全距Average run length (ARL)平均连串长度Average sample nu
22、mber(ASN)平均样本数Average sample number curve平均样本曲线Average sample size (ASS)平均样本大小Average sample size curve 平均样本大小曲线Average sample平均抽样Average total inspection (ATI)平均总检验（件）数Average total inspection curve平均总检验数曲线Average value 平均值Avoidable cause可避免之原因Avoidable quality cost可避免之质量成本Axiom公理Axis轴Axis of absci
23、ssa横轴Axis of ordinate纵轴BBad lot坏批Balance frequency平衡次数Balanced complete type平衡完备型Balanced design平衡设计Balanced experiment平衡实验Balanced incomplete type平衡不完备型Balanced sample平衡样本Band chart带形图Band curve chart带形曲线图Bank of reliability data可靠度数据库Bar chart (diagram)条（形）图Bartletts test巴特莱特试验Base line基线Base numb
24、er基数Base period基期Base point基点Basic reliability基本可靠度Batch (Lot)批Batch of material材料批Batch process分批制造方法Batch size批量Batch testing批试验Bathtub curve浴缸曲线Bathtub failure curve浴缸失效曲线Bayes estimator贝式估计式Bayes theorem贝式定理Bayesian approach贝式法Bayesian approcah to design贝式设计法Bayesian estimation贝式估计Bead map标珠图Bel
25、l-shaped curve钟形曲线Bell-shaped distribution钟形分配（布）Bell-shaped failure pattern钟形失效型态JBell System贝尔系统Bell Telephone Laboratories贝尔电话实验室Bell Telephone Laboratories Sampling Table贝尔（电话实验室）抽样表Benign failure无危险的失效Bernoulli distribution白努利分配（布）Best fit最适配合Best fitting line最适线Best fitting curve最适曲线Best linea
26、r invariant estimator最佳线型不变估计式Best linear unbiased estimator最佳线型不偏估计式Beta coefficient系数Beta distribution分配（布）Beta function函数Between-class variance组间变异数Between-column variance组间变异Between-column variation行间变异Between-row variation列间变异Between sample variation样本间变异Bias 偏差Bias, downward向下偏差Bias, downward
27、type向下型偏差Bias, upward向上偏差Bias, upward type向上型偏差Biased error偏误Biased estimate偏差估计Biased sample偏差样本Biased test偏差试验Bilateral 双边Bill of material (BOM) 物料清单Bimodal 双峰Bimodal curve双峰曲线Bimodal distribution 双峰分配（布）Bimodal redundancy 双峰型复联（置）Bimodality 双峰性Binary system 二元制Binomial, skewed 偏态二项Binomial coeffi
28、cient二项系数Binomial curve二项曲线Binomial distribution二项分配（布）Binomial equation 二项方程式Binomial expansion二项展开式Binomial population二项群体Binomial probability distribution二项机率分配（布）Binomial probability paper(BIPP)二项机率纸Binomial series二项级数Binomial theorem二项定理Bi-serial双数列Biserial correlation双数列相关Biserial coefficient
29、of correlation双数列相关系数Biserial ratio of correlation双数列相关比Bivariate双变量Bivariate distribution双变量分配（布）Bivariate frequency distribution双变量次数分配（布）Bivariate normal distribution 双变量常态分配（布）Blend混， 混合 Block量块， （实验）区， 方块Block design实验区设计Block diagram方块图Block factor地区因素Block in series串联方块Boundary界Boundary, cell
30、组界Bowker-Goode variables planBowker-Goode 记量值（抽样）计划Bowl drawing碗珠抽样Bowl experiment碗珠实验Bowl test碗珠试验Bowleys coefficient of skewnessBowley偏态系数Bowleys formulaBowley公式Bureau of Ordnance, U.S. Navy美国海军兵工署Break-even chart损益平衡图Break-even point (BEP)损益平衡点Breakthrough突破British Standards Institution英国标准协会Brok
31、en curve中断曲线Broken series中断数列Broken trend中断趋势Built-in test (BIT)内含测试， 自测Bureau of Commodity Inspection and Quarantine (BCIQ)商品检验局Bulk sampling Burn-in大宗抽样Business Process Management (BPM)业务流程管理Buyer买方， 客户CC chartC（管制）图Calculated value (Computed value)计算值Calculation chart计算图Calendar time日历时间Calibrati
32、on校正Calibration record校正记录Camp-Meidell inequalityCamp-Meidell不等式Capability能力Capability, machine机器能力Capability, process制程能力Capability ratio能力比Capacity能量， 容量Caption纵标目Carrying out the audit实施稽核Cartogram统计图Case method个案法Catastrophic failure突然故障， 崩坏失效， 致命失效Category类别Cauchy distributionCauchy 分配（布）Causal
33、ity因果律Cause原因Cause, assignable非机遇原因Cause, avoidable可避免原因Cause, chance机遇原因Cause, common共同原因Cause, findable可寻找原因Cause, random随机原因Cause, special特殊原因Cause, substantial本质原因Cause, unavoidable不可避免原因Cause and effect因果Cause and effect diagram特性要因图Cell组Cell boundary组界Cell deviation (d)组离差Cell frequency (f)组次数
34、Cell interval (i,h)组距Cell limit组限Cell method分组法Cell mid-point (Xm)组中点Cell value组值Censored sample检剔样本Censored test检剔试验Censorship检剔Census普查Center line中线Central inspection station中央检验站Central limit theory趋中理论， 中央极限理论Central limit theorem趋中理论， 中央极限理论Central line (CL.)中心线Central moment中心动差Central ordinat
35、e中纵坐标Central tendency集中趋势Central value中值，中心值Certainty确定性Certified chart验证图Certified equipment 合格设备Certified quality engineer (CQE) 合格质量工程师Certified quality technician (CQT) 合格质量技术师Certified reliability engineer (CRE) 合格可靠度工程师Certification验证Chain model炼结模型Chain reliability炼结可靠度Chain sampling plan (CH
36、SP)炼结抽样计划Chance机遇Chance cause 机遇原因Chance error (Probable error) 机遇误差， 机误Chance factor机遇因素Chance failure机遇故障， 机遇失效Chance failure period机遇失效期Chance fluctuation机遇波动Chance variable机遇变数Chance variation机遇变异Change control改变（变更）管理Chaotic variation混乱变异Characteristic（质量）特性Characteristic, qualitative质的特性Charac
37、teristic, quantitative 量的特性Characteristic curve, operating (OC curve)操作特性曲线， OC曲线Characteristic diagram特性要因图Characteristic function特性函数Characteristic life特性寿命Characteristic operating curve (OC curve)特性操作曲线（OC曲线）Characteristic value特性值Chargeable failure可计列失效， 故障Charlier checkCharlier 覆检法Chart图， （管制）图
38、Chart, acceptance control验收管制图Chart, average and range平均数及全距（管制）图Chart, average number of defects平均缺点数（管制）图Chart, control管制图Chart, cumulative sum累积和（管制）图Chart, defects per unit每单位内缺点数（管制）图Chart, fraction defective不良率（管制）图Chart, group多项（管制)图Chart, individual 个别值（管制）图Chart, median中位数（管制）图Chart, moving
39、 and range移动平均数及全距（管制）图Chart, moving range移动全距（管制）图Chart, modified control limits修正管制界限（管制）图Chart, multi-variation变异值（管制）图Chart, multiple复式（管制）图Chart, number defectives不良（品）数（管制）图Chart, number of defects缺点数（管制）图Chart, percent defective不良率管制图Chart, range全距（管制）图Chart, run操作（记录）图Chart, shop工厂（管制）图Chart
40、, Shewhart controlShewhart 管制图Chart, two-way control双向管制图Chebyshevs inequalityChebyshev 不等式Check inspection复核检验Check sampling复核检验员Check inspector复核抽样Chi-square ， 卡方Chi-square distribution分配（布）， 卡方分配（布）Chi-square test 检定， 卡方检定Chi-squared distribution分配（布）， 卡方分配(布）Chip小圆片Chronic defect慢性缺点Chronologica
41、l chart时序图Chronological series时序数列Class组Class boundaries (True class limits)组界（真实组限）Class form组形Class frequency (f)组次数Class interval (i,h)组距Class limit组限Class mark组标， 中值Class mean组平均数Class mid-point(Xm)组中点Class mid-value组中值Class of median组中位数Class value组值Classes, number of组数Classification chart分组， 分
42、类Classification frequency分组次数Classification frequency series分组次数数列Classification of defectives不良品分类Classification of defects缺点分类Classfication of failure失效分类， 故障分类Classification process分组（方）法Clearance间隙， 余隙Cluster集团Cluster sampling集团抽样Cochrans testCochran 检定Code简化， 代号Code letter代字Coded unit简化单位Coded value简化值Coding简化Coding rule简化规则Coefficient系数Coefficient, correlation相关系数Coefficient of alienation余相关系数Coefficient of a