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1、09福建高考英语短文填词题解题思路名师解析一题型说明共10小题，每小题1分， 满分10分1.形式：替换试卷中原短文改错题，重点考查单词拼写、语言基础知识、语篇理解能力和语言表达能力；在考查词汇的同时也考查学生读与写的能力。考生必须在理解短文内容的基础上，把握短文主旨大意，运用所学语言知识填空，使短文语篇完整。2.选材：符合学生的书面表达水平，短文词数在130左右，共设10小题，第一行不设题，其余每行挖空一处设一题；考查以实词为主，兼顾其他词性。3.提示方式有：首字母提示、汉语提示、语境提示，其中首字母提示、汉语提示各34个，语境提示23个。每个空格根据提示用一个单词的适当形式填空。4.答案的唯
2、一性：如果出现与标准答案不同,但符合题目要求的答案也可以接受，具体由阅卷点裁定。每个空格只能填入一个答案，超过一个的，该小题以零二短文填词题八大考点1、名词：可数、不可数，可数名词的单复数形式；特别容易忽略名词的单复数，知道了名词的单复数，有时特别容易拼错，尤其是一些可数名词单复数的特殊变化，以及动名词之间的转换；如：leafleave; mediummedia; adviseadvice, practisepractice; succeedsuccess;2、动词：时态、语态、非谓语及动词形式的不规则变化；broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播equip (e
3、quipped, equipping) 装备注意：quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写（英国英语）也可不双写（美国英语）3、形容词、副词：形容词与副词的区别（也可能考比较级及最高级）；Simplesimply, fishfisherman,possiblepossibly 可能的, practicalpractically 实际的4、数词：主要考序数词：容易拼错的序数词，如：1.twentytwentieth, 2.ninth第九3. forty四十4. twelfth第十二5. 常见短语的掌握Call on号召，拜访（后接sb）/call in召集/ call at拜访
4、某地; in good health; focus on关注/ concentrate on 集中注意力6. 常见从句的掌握，定语从句与宾语从句的区别7. 同义词的辨析Cloth布料/clothes衣服/clothing衣服总称, celebrate庆祝/ congratulate祝贺, hungry饿/starve饥饿, disturb打搅/bother打扰8. 形近易混词的区分Qulity质量/ quantity数量, similar相似的/familiar熟悉的, adapt适应/ adopt收养，改编三学生普遍存在的二大问题第一：单词拼写问题，很多可能知道要填的单词，但拼写往往出错；第
5、二：是如何确定所填词的词性，有些空确实特别需要注意的是细节的把握：如名词的单复数，和动词形式的变化以及词性之间的变换。四短文填词题三大解题策略：关键找搭配信息第一：对于首字母提示和语境提示的空格如何判断其意义及词性，关键看搭配，重点找已知信息。搭配包括：主谓搭配，动宾搭配，前置定语（形容词、动词分词）+名词或名词+后置定语（形容词，动词分词，介宾短语或者定语从句），谓语+状语（副词），副词修饰形容词等等。空格前后的已知信息词决定着空格词的词性；第二：汉语提示题相对简单，大部分我们可以根据汉语提示直接写出答案。但需特别注意的是有时题中给出我们的意思能够理解，但词性的选择和单词的选择还是需要根据具
6、体的搭配信息确定。而且中文往往是模糊的，与之相近的意思的单词或许不止一个词。这时更需要我们根据文中已知信息来确定。They got lost in the desert and _(挨饿) to death.解析：并列连词and 连接二谓语动词，前后一致，前面是动词got,则后面也应是动词的过去时,故只能填starved, 而不会是形容词hungry.Please give my _ (祝贺) when you see her.They re going to _ （庆祝） their victory with music and dancing.解析：庆祝和祝贺在中文看来是近似的，但在英文中
7、的区别明显。Celebrate庆祝，后面接的宾语往往是胜利或是节日。而祝贺的宾语则是对个人成功等的祝贺。本题空格在动词give的后面，故应填congratulation. 而68题则应是celebrate.The book gives a short _ （描述） of the city.解析：很明显该处应填名词discription.注意：discribe和discription的词性转化。She has written many articles for a popular womens m .解析：已知信息必须得找articles, 于是很容易想到magazine.第三：单词的正确拼写1
8、. 名词：名词的单复数的确定主要根据：1.并列连词 and, but以及or前后的名词或代词的单复数，前后往往是一致的；2.根据主谓一致的原则，关键看谓语动词或系动词的数。On the morning of April 29,2008,from 10:00 to 11:00,hundredsof millions of students from primary,middle schools and u 76. universitiesall over China joined in a national student sports program.解析：空格名词的数，由and前的schoo
9、ls 可以确定。We aim at q_ rather than quantity. 2.quality_解析：A rather than B. 根据quantity数量我们很快可以想到以q开头的quality.Eric came running into the room, out of b .解析：running决定out of breath。但一定注意：breath名词，breathe动词Nowadays most people use paper _(手帕) . 58. handkerchief解析：此处手帕的单复数取决于most people, 注意其复数形式：handkerchie
10、fsSpring has come, and the trees are thick with green _ （叶子）.解析： the trees 决定叶子为复数：leaves.2.动词:一定要注意动词的时态，语态及非谓语形式，这又和考查学生对动词ing及ed形式的变换的掌握能力息息相关。Letting the water run while you brush your teeth w water.解析：注意辨认主谓宾结构。现在分词letting the water run做主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数wastes。The patient kept c_all night.15._.解析：
11、根据patient kept 可确定为：coughing. 注意：keep doingDo you think_(游泳)is allowed in the canal 23._解析：swimmingA fence at the back of the garden_(分开)us from the neighbours.解析：谓语动词的数取决于主语a fence. 故为：separatesr_ Mike the moment I saw him . 33._解析：主从时态保持一致：由saw得出recognized._ （赢得） the support of the majority requir
12、es time,energy and devotion.解析：由谓语requires可知动名词做主语，winning.They finished （测量）that piece of land last week.解析：finished measuringThe boy spoke in a very low voice _(承认) he had broken the glass.59._解析： 根据谓语单一原则，得出admitting。注意admit动词形式：admitting/ admitted.The colleges and universities were only for men.
13、 and women were not p _to attend.解析： only for men, women则不为允许，则为permitted.阅读下列短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入适当的英语单词，并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上.所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。 (1) Fang Tong is 34 years old, an actor, director and teacher of Beijing Opera Theatre. Most of his students are _other parts of 1. _ Chin
14、a and have come to Beijing at the very young _ of sixteen 2. _or seventeen. He hopes to _(创造) an environment for his students 3. _that is much more relaxing _ the one he used to 4. _study in. He thinks that an _(演员)should relax himself when 5. _performing. Yet his students deeply _（尊重） him and he 6.
15、 _never needs to raise his voice in order to be h_. 7. _In his o_, actors should go on even when they 8. _feel they have made a m_ in their performances 9. _because the moment is a_ gone and people can never 10. _be back to it. . . So art is always changing and developing. 1.from 2.age 3.create 4.th
16、an 5. actor 6 .respect 7. heard 8.opinion 9. mistake 10. already(2) I was recently told that listening to loud music is gradually making people hard of hearing. Im sure it has already h_ 1. _to my neighbor. For years she has turned a _(聋) ear t 2. _my requests to turn her radio_. When she gives 3. _
17、a party she wont have to i_ the rest of the street 4. _Everyone can d_ to her music in his own room. 5. _ Now a _(科学家)has discovered a certain electronic sounds 6_ have strange e_ on rats. He declares they break down, 7._almost paralyzed(瘫痪) w_ their legs trembling. 8. _Then it i
18、s simply a matter of _(扔)them out by 9. _their tails. I wonder _the same thing will fall on my neighbor someday. 10. _ 1.happened 2.deaf 3. down 4.invite 5. dance 6.scientist 7.effects 8.with 9. throwing 10.if/whether(3)Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers norsisters-in other_, I am
19、an only child. My parents 1._ love me dearly of course and will do all they _ to make sure 2._that I get a good_(教育). They do not want me to do 3._any work at home; they want me to d_ all my time to 4._my studies so that Ill get good marks in all my _(科目). We 5._may be one family and live_ the same
20、roof, but we do 6._not seem to get much time to talk_(一起). It looks 7._as if my parents t_ me as a visitor or a guest. 8._Do they really u_ their own daughter 9._What things are in other families, I w_. 10._ 1. words 2. can 3. education 4. devote 5. subjects 6. under 7. together 8. treat 9. understa
21、nd 10. wonder. (4) I visited the zoo yesterday, but I was very unhappy and angry about the things that I saw. The large animals were in small_(笼子). The lion 1. _ was walking _and forth. It was completely 2. _ bored. The tiger fell _(睡着)all the afternoon. I saw 3. _ people _(喂食)the fish. They were th
22、rowing 4. _ rice and meat _the pond, which could 5. _ kill the fish, b_no one tried to stop them. 6. _ When I ha drink at the zoo restaurant, 7. _ the waiter served me_(粗鲁). Outside the restaurant,8. _ the rubbish bins were full and rubbish was blown everywhere. It seems _the zoo 9. _ doesnt look a_
23、 the animals or the visitors very well. 10. _ 1.cages 2. back 3.asleep 4.feeding 5.into 6.but 7.had 8.rudely 9.that 10.after (5) When I found out that my train would be three hours late, I changed my idea and would take a bus _(代替). 1._ I was about to rush out of the train station _a 2._ well-dresse
24、d old man took me _the arm, Young 3._ lady, said the gentleman, Shouldnt you f_ out 4._ the bus_(时刻表) before you rush out to catch the 5._ bus . I _(凝视)at him with my mouth open. How did 6._ he read my m_? Before I could say a word, he added, 7._ You see, my train is _(也) running late. The same idea 8._ came to me. But I think a good conversation can help p_ 9._ the time. _ you know it, your train will be there. 10._ 1. instead 2. when 3. by 4. find 5. schedule 6. stared 7. mind 8. also 9. pass 10. Before