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1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。和知己结婚，提升幸福感-和知己结婚，提升幸福感2015-01-1915:48:10|分类：english阅读|字号订阅Aneweconomicspaperhassomeold-fashionedadvice有些老派的建议forpeoplenavigating导航thestressesoflife:Findaspouse配偶whoisalsoyourbestfriend.Socialscientistshavelongknown向来知道thatmarriedpeopletendtobehappier,bu
2、ttheydebatewhetherthatisbecausemarriagecauseshappinessorsimplybecausehappierpeoplearemorelikelytogetmarried.Thenewpaper,publishedbytheNationalBureauofEconomicResearch,controlledforpre-marriagehappinesslevels.将婚前的幸福水平作为控制变量Itconcludedthatbeingmarriedmakespeoplehappierandmoresatisfiedwiththeirlivestha
3、nthosewhoremainsingleparticularlyduringthemoststressfulperiods,likemidlifecrises.中年危机Evenasfewerpeoplearemarrying,thedisadvantagesofremainingsinglehavebroadimplications但是单身的弊端影响广泛.Itsimportantbecausemarriageisincreasinglyaforcebehindinequality不平等背后的一个因素.Stablemarriagesaremorecommonamongeducated,high
4、-incomepeople,andincreasinglyoutofreachforthosewhoarenot.而情况与之相反的人则越来越难获得稳定的婚姻Thatdivideappearstoaffectnotjustpeoplesincomeandfamilystability,butalsotheirhappinessandstresslevels.Aquarteroftodaysyoungadultswillhavenevermarriedby2030,whichwouldbethehighestshare最高水平inmodernhistory,accordingtoPewResear
5、chCenter.Yetbothremainingunmarriedanddivorcingaremorecommonamongless-educated,lower-incomepeople但是在收到教育比较少的和收入较低的人群中，未婚和离异都更加的普遍.Educated,high-incomepeoplestillmarryathighratesandarelesslikelytodivorce.Thosewhoselivesaremostdifficultcouldbenefitmostfrommarriage,生活最困难的人从婚姻中兽医最大accordingtotheeconomist
6、swhowrotethenewpaper,JohnHelliwelloftheVancouverSchoolofEconomicsandShawnGroveroftheCanadianDepartmentofFinance.“Marriagemaybemostimportantwhenthereisthatstressinlifeandwhenthingsaregoingwrong,”Mr.Groversaid.Theyanalyzeddataaboutwell-being和幸福有关的数据fromtwonationalsurveysintheUnitedKingdomandtheGallupW
7、orldPoll.Inallbutafewpartsoftheworld,evenwhencontrollingforpeopleslifesatisfactionbeforemarriage,beingmarriedmadethemhappier.Thisconclusion,however,didnotholdtrue结论并不成立inLatinAmerica,SouthAsiaandsub-SaharanAfrica.Intriguingly,有趣的是maritalhappinesslongoutlasted比。长久thehoneymoonperiod婚姻带来的幸福比蜜月期更加长久.Tho
8、ughsomesocialscientistshavearguedthathappinesslevelsareinnate,sopeoplereturntotheirnaturallevelofwell-beingafterjoyfulorupsettingevents,theresearchersfoundthatthebenefitsofmarriagepersist.Onereasonforthatmightbetheroleoffriendshipwithinmarriage.Thosewhoconsidertheirspouseorpartnertobetheirbestfriend
9、getabouttwiceasmuchlifesatisfactionfrommarriageasothers,thestudyfound.Theeffectoffriendshipseemstobetheresultoflivingwitharomanticpartner,ratherthanthelegalstatusofbeingmarried,becauseitwasasstrongforpeoplewholivedtogetherbutwerentmarried未婚同居。友谊的这种影响，似乎源于和一个烂漫的伴侣一起生活，而非法律上面的已婚身份，因为他对于那些未婚同居大的人影响同样的大
10、Womenbenefitmorefrombeingmarriedtotheirbestfriendthanmendo,thoughwomenarelesslikelytoregardtheirspouseastheirbestfriend.和男性相比，女性从与指教结婚中受益更多，不过女性视配偶为至交的概率更加的低“Whatimmediatelyintriguedme引起我的兴趣abouttheresultswastorethinkmarriageasawhole让我重新从整体上考虑婚姻,”Mr.Helliwellsaid.“Maybewhatisreallyimportantisfriends
11、hip,andtoneverforgetthatinthepushandpullofdailylife在日常生活中的波折起伏中.”Marriagehasundergoneadrasticshift婚姻经历了巨变inthelasthalfcentury.Inthepast,astheNobel-winningeconomist诺贝尔经济学家获得者GaryBeckerdescribed,marriagewasutilitarian功利主义的:Womenlookedforahusbandtomakemoneyandmenlookedforawomantomanagethehousehold.持家Bu
12、tinrecentdecades,therolesofmenandwomenhavebecomemoresimilar.Asaresult,spouseshavetakenonrolesascompanionsandconfidants知己，心腹朋友,particularlythosewhoarefinanciallystable,配偶承担起了同伴和知己的角色，特别是那些经济状况稳定的人astheeconomistsBetseyStevensonandJustinWolfershavediscussed.Thebenefitsofmaritalfriendshiparemostvividdur
13、ingmiddleage在中年时期，婚姻中的友谊益处最明显,whenpeopletendtoexperienceadip下沉inlifesatisfaction,largelybecausecareerandfamilydemandsapplythemoststressthen人到中年，往往会经历生活满意度下降，主要是因为这时候职业和家庭需求带来的压力是最大的.Thosewhoaremarried,thenewpaperfound,havemuchshallower浅的dipseveninregionswheremarriagedoesnothaveanoverallpositiveeffec
14、t即使在婚姻总体上未产生积极影响的地区.“Thebiggestbenefitscomeinhigh-stressenvironments,andpeoplewhoaremarriedcanhandlemidlifestress处理中年压力betterthanthosewhoarentbecausetheyhaveasharedload分享压力andsharedfriendship,”Mr.Helliwellsaid.Overall,theresearchcomestoalargelyoptimisticconclusion基本上是乐观的结论.Peoplehavethecapacityto有能力
15、做。increasetheirhappinesslevelsandavoidfallingdeepintomidlifecrisisbyfindingsupportinlong-termrelationships.Yetthoserelationshipsseemtobelessachievablefortheleastadvantagedmembersofsociety.最弱势的社会成员而言tips：1.和知己结婚，可以提升幸福感，可以应对压力，特别是中年危机的时候。2.受过高等教育的人离婚率低，结婚率高，更容易从婚姻中获得幸福感。反之亦然。3.婚姻发生了转变，结婚从最初的利益因素到现在的经济水平相同的情况下，寻求心理慰藉的知己上-