《期中重点知识归纳 七年级英语上册.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《期中重点知识归纳 七年级英语上册.docx(20页珍藏版)》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、 鲁教版七年级英语上册期中重点知识1、person n.人【联想】people, person, man (1) people泛指“人,人们”,谓语动词用复数形式。There are many people there. 那儿有许多人。the people 常用来指“人民”。We study hard for the people. 我们为人民而努力学习。指“民族”是可数名词。Therere&
2、#160;56 peoples in China. 中国有56个民族。(2) person“人;人物”,无性别之分,可指男人,也可指女人。常用于指数目不大,而且数目比较精确的“人”。Everyone likes the honest person. 每个人都喜欢诚实的人。There are only three persons in the room. 房间里只有三个人。(3) man: 指“男人
3、”(复数形式为men),也可指“人类”。He is a man of few words. 他是个少言寡语的人。Man has languages. 人类有语言。2、hair【用法】1) 指“头发,毛发”的总称,是不可数名词He has long hair. 他留着长发。2)指具体数量的“头发”,是可数名词There are two hairs on the bed. 床上有两
4、根头发。3、stay 停留,维持,保持(1)stay 不及物动词,意为“停留,逗留”,后常接介词短语表示停留的地点。stay up 意为“熬夜;不睡觉”;stay up late 意为“熬夜,睡的很晚”。Its raining outside, so we have to stay at home. 外面正在下雨,因此我们不得不呆在家里。Do you often stay u
5、p? 你经常熬夜吗?(2)stay 可以做连系动词,意为“维持,保持”,其后常接形容词作表语。The weather will stay fine for several days. 天气将持续几天晴朗。(3)stay 可以作名词,意为“停留、逗留”。During my stay in Beijing, I had a good time. 我在北京逗留期间玩的很高兴。4、would
6、160; modal. 想要,将要【搭配】would like sth./ would like to do sth.I would like a cup of orange juice. 我想要一杯橙汁She would like him to go with me. 她想要他和我一起去【拓展】Would you like t
7、o do? 肯定回答:Yes, Id like/love to. 是的,我愿意。否定回答:Sorry, + 原因。Would you like to go shopping with us? 你想要/愿意和我们一起去购物吗?Yes, Id like/love to. 是的,我愿意。Sorry, I have a lot of
8、homework to do.【拓展】Would you like sth? 肯定回答:Yes, please.否定回答:No, thanks.5、luckily 幸运地【拓展】(1)Luck:名词(不可数) 运气, 好运, 幸运 You never know your luck. 你也许会走运的。 (2)Lucky:形容词,幸运的, 吉祥的, 侥幸的
9、He is a lucky dog. 他是个幸运的家伙。 (3)Luckily:副词,幸运地,幸亏,侥幸。luckily是副词,“幸运地”,通常放在句首,表示“幸运的是.”.Luckily there was a doctor on the spot. 幸运的是现场有一位医生6、last 最后的;最后地;持续,继续(1)last 作形容词时,意为“最后的,最末的”或者“紧接前面的,刚过去的”。Today is the
10、 last day in the year. 今天是今年的最后一天。I didnt sleep well last night. 昨晚我没睡好。(2)last作副词时,意为“最后地”,Im the last one. 我是最后一个。(3)last 做动词时,意思是“持续,继续,维持”等,The hot weather lasted a week. 炎热的天气持续了一周
11、。7、exciting adj. 令人兴奋的, 使人激动的【搭配】主语是物或事 This movie is so exciting. 这部电影真让人兴奋、激动。【拓展】 excited adj.兴奋的:处于激动状态的;兴奋的 主语为人较多she's so excited about the upcoming holiday. 对于即将来到的假日,她兴奋不已。 【辨析
12、】Are you excited about going to Beijing? 你要去北京了,感到兴奋吗?He told us an exciting story yesterday. 他昨天给我们讲了一个使人激动的故事。【拓展】interest 使感兴趣 interesting interested surprise &
13、#160; 使惊讶 surprising surprised8、grow v.生长,成长(1)种植,栽培We grow flowers and vegetables in our garden. 我们在庭园里种植鲜花和蔬菜。(2)(使)生长,发育Tomatoes grow best in direct sunlight.西红柿在阳光直射下生长最好。【搭配】grow
14、160;up 长大 What do you want to be when you grow up? 你长大后想当什么?9、worry 【搭配】(1) v. 使担心,使发愁Nothing worries me. 我没有什么可担心的。(2)担心,发愁Y+wh-+(that)The teacher worried that these
15、problems might be too hard for her students.老师担心这些题目会对学生太难。Don't worry how much you spend on the trip. 别担心花多少钱用于旅行。【拓展】n.烦恼;焦虑 令人发愁的事Mother's illness was always a great wo
16、rry to me. 母亲的病一直是我非常担心的事。be worried about 固定搭配 对。感到担忧10、win v.赢;获胜We shouldnt win without your support.没有你们的支持我们是不会赢的。【拓展】(1)它的过去式和过去分词:won(2)名词:winner 获胜者【辨析】区别win与beat:win后面加人或比赛;beat后面加球队。11、height n.身高它的adj.为high【用法】tall与h
17、ightall指人,树,建筑物等的“高”。high用于山、树、建筑物等的高度,还可用于抽象的高,如物价,速度,温度,评价等方面。12、glass【用法】(1)“眼镜”,常用复数glasses. a pair of glasses一副眼镜(2)“玻璃”,不可数名词。(3)“玻璃杯”,可数名词。 These glasses are made of glass. 这些玻璃杯是玻璃制成的。13、Well, he has brown
18、;hair and wears glasses. 他留着棕色的头发,戴眼镜。 【用法】wear, put on(1)wear是“穿着”“戴着”的意思,强调状态。常用一般现在时表示经常状态。wear还可用来表示佩戴手表、首饰、徽章、花儿的“佩”或“戴”(2)put on是“穿上”“戴上”,强调动作,是终止性动词短语,不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用。 14、What else did you do? What else 表示&qu
19、ot;还有(别的)什么"【剖析】 What else do you want ? 你还想要什么?else adv. 修饰不定代词和疑问词, 作后置定语。Who else wants a go ? Where else did you go ? Anything else ? other adj. 修饰名词,
20、作前置定语。e.g. We should help other people .15、If he or she blows out all the candles in one to, the wish will come true.假如他或她一口气吹灭所有的蜡烛,愿望将实现。【句式】If 表示“如果”,接“一般现在时”句子, 主句用“一般将来时
21、”意思是:如果那么If you ask him,he will help you如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。 If you fail in the exam,you will let him down如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。If you finish the homework, I will let you go&
22、#160;home如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。16、Can I have two bowls of beef soup then? 那我们能要两碗牛肉汤吗?【解析】a bowl of . 一碗。后跟可数名词的复数或不可数名词。a bowl of dumplings, a bowl of rice, 即:表示数量的多少,用:数词+ 量词 + of
23、 + 不可数名词 / 复数名词。当数词大于1时,量词应变为复数。a cup of tea, two cups of tea a glass of water , three glasses of watera box of pens,
24、160; some boxes of pens17、But I was so tired that I went to sleep early.我是如此的累,以至于我很早就睡了。【剖析】so that的意思是“如此以至于”,它引导结果状语从句。例如:She felt so sad that tears came to her
25、0;eyes她非常悲伤,泪水盈眶。John was so drunk(that)he could not stand still约翰醉得站也站不住了。He spoke so rapidly(that)we could hardly follow him他说得很快,我们很难听清楚他在说什么。18、There we put up tents and made a fire
26、;to keep us warm and cook food on.在那里我们架起帐篷,生火取暖并做饭。【解析1】put up意为“搭建,搭起”,着重指建造或搭起一个具有一定高度的具体的物体。例如:Its going to rain. Let's put up the tent. 天要下雨了,我们把帐篷搭起来吧。拓展:put up还可意为“挂起,张贴;举起;抬起”之意。例如:Please help&
27、#160;me put up the picture. 请帮我挂起这幅画。If you know the answer, please put up your hands. 如果知道答案,请举手。【解析2】keep 在这里作为一个使动词,意为“使.,让.”,常用结构为keep sb/sth +doing “让sb/sth 一直做.”;keep sb/sth +adj
28、“使sb/sth .”。19、What does he look like? 他长什么样?【用法】look like 看起来像 (常用来询问某人的外貌) 用来询问某人的身材或长相,即外貌,其结构为“What do/does 主语look like?” He looks like her mother.be like 像.一样 ,指品德、相貌等像(指人的个性特征)&
29、#160;如果询问人的性格、人品时,多用What be (am/is/are)like? Whats he like? 他是个什么样的人呢? Hes friendly and kind. 他友好善良。【拓展】回答相貌的提问: What do/does sb. look like? 1)sb. +be+形容词/ be of +名词 (指描述某人的体形、身材等)
30、0; 2) have/has +形容词+名词 (指强调某人的体貌特征)20、How interesting!【剖析】这是一个感叹句,感叹句是用来表达喜怒哀乐等强烈情感的句子。感叹句一般用how或者what开头,句末加感叹号。what修饰名词,how修饰形容词或副词。【拓展】(1)what引导的感叹句:1)What a(an)形容词可数名词的单数形式主语谓语!What a clever boy he is!多么聪明的小男孩啊!2)What形容词可数名词的复数形式主语谓语! Wh
31、at interesting books the children are reading! 孩子们读的书多么有趣啊!3)What形容词不可数名词主语谓语! What cold weather it is! 多冷的天!(2)how引导的感叹句:1)How形容词或副词主语谓语! How lovely the baby is! 这孩子真可爱!(lovely为形容词)How fast
32、0;he runs! 他跑地多快啊!(fast为副词)2)How形容词a(an)可数名词的单数形式主语谓语!How heavy a box they are carrying! 他们抬的箱子多重啊!3)How主语谓语! How time flies! 时间过得多快!21、-Are there any vegetables in the beef noddles?牛肉面里有西红柿吗?-Y
33、es,there are some noodles.有,里面有一些西红柿。(1)some一般用于肯定句中,既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词,意思是“几个;一些;某个”;or一般用于疑问句或否定句中,既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词,意思是“任何一个;任何一些”。Some students are playing basketball on the playground.一些学生正在操场上踢足球。Are there any books in t
34、he schoolbag?书包里有书吗?(2)some也可用于疑问句中,表示建议,请求或希望得到肯定的回答。Would you please make soup for dinner?晚餐能做点汤吗?(表示希望得到对方的肯定回答)22、Im sorry you didnt have fun on your day off.很抱歉你在休息日没能玩得高兴。【剖析】(1) Im sorry 常常用来说明一件不愉快
35、的事。(2)此句中的词组have fun“玩得高兴,过得愉快”;同义词组有have a good time, enjoy oneself。(3)day off 是“休息日”的意思。【拓展】(1)与fun有关的短语有:make fun of (取笑)。(2)它的形容词是funny。23、too与either的区别,以及also的用法 (1)too"也",表示肯定意义,用在肯定句中;而either"也不",表示否定意义,用于否定句。
36、0;My brother likes to play soccer.I do, too.我哥哥喜欢踢足球。我也是(喜欢)。 My brother doesnt like to play soccer. I dont, either. 我哥哥不喜欢踢足球。我也不喜欢。 (2)also也可以表示"也",但一般情况下,too和either放在句子之后,also放在动词之前。 We
37、160;also love talk shows. 我们也喜欢访谈节目。24、the other 和 another【用法】one . the other . (两者当中的另一个) another (多者中不确定的另一个)Cathy has two new dresses. One
38、0;is red, the other is blue . I dont like this pen. Can you give me another one ?25、a little bit, a little, a bit 【用法】(1) 修饰形容词或副词时,三者可通用,但a little bit比后两者所表示的程
39、度稍弱一点。 Today is a little bit / a little / a bit cold. 今天有点冷。 (2) 修饰不可数名词时,a little直接跟不可数名词,a bit需加of再跟不可数名词。 There is a little / a bit of
40、160;water in the glass. 杯子里有点水。 (3) a little 和a bit在否定句中意思恰恰相反。not a little相当于very “很,非常”,not a bit相当于not.at all“一点也不”。 He is not a little hungry. = He is very hungry.
41、60;他很饿。 He is not a bit hungry. = He isnt hungry at all. 他一点也不饿。26、描述人的外貌(1)询问某人的外貌特征和长相的用语What助动词do/does主语look like?What do you look like? 或者What does he look like? (2)描述某人的
42、外貌特征的用语描述某人的外貌特征经常用“主语be描述人外貌特征的形容词”或者“主语have/has名词(名词的前面有多个形容词修辞)”两种方式来回答。What do you look like? 你长得怎么样?I am tall and thin. 我又高又瘦。What does your mother look like? 你妈妈长得怎么样?She is tall. She has l
43、ong hair. 她个子高,长头发。注意:描述人或事物的特点,性质还可以使用“be + of + 名词”结构。He is of medium build / height.= He has a medium build/ height.(3)描述外貌的其他方法除了以上的句式外,动词wear, have;with构成的介词短语等也常用来描述人的外貌。The man wears
44、a moustache. 那个男人留着小胡子。Do you know the girl with long hair?你认识那个留长发的女孩吗?27、medium height/build 中等高度身体 【用法】 build作名词意为“体格,体型”。 有两种表达方法: He is of medium build=He has a medium build. My
45、60;father is of medium height.= my father has a medium height. build 作动词意为“建造,建设,建立”例如: We are building a house. 我们正在建造一个房子。28、选择疑问句选择疑问句结构很简单,就是先把一般疑问句结构写出,然后在其后加上“or +
46、 选择部分”即可,当然其标点也是问号。Are you a student? 变成:Are you a student or a teacher? Do you like playing soccer or basketball?Can you speak English or Chinese? 选择疑问句的回答不同于一般疑问句,不能用yes/no来回答,而必须选择选项进行回答。如:-Is your father a doctor or an engineer?-A doctor.