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1、中考冲刺辅导教案8T课程主题： 状语从句+阅读D篇学习目标1掌握一些重点词汇和重要句型，并能灵活运用。2巩固加深阅读理解。3掌握状语从句用法。教学内容课前热身：A. woke up B. at a time C. at any time D. collected E. throughIt was a dark day in Canada in 1998 when rain began to fall from the sky. However, this was not ordinary rain-it turned to ice as it fell 1 the cold air. It r
2、ained for six days, and as much as ten centimeters of ice 2 on roads, trees and power lines. On 5tb January, the people of Montreal 3 to find they had no electricity in their homes. It was dark and cold. The roads were covered in ice, and it was very dangerous to walk or drive anywhere. Families had
3、 to stay inside and burn wood to keep warm. They expected the power to come back 4 .However, the ice kept failing. It caused branches and whole trees to fail down. More power lines fell down, and the roads became even more dangerous.A. terribly B. repaired C. army D. especially E. knivesBy the third
4、 day, many families had no food to eat. It was a difficult time. The 5 sent over 14,000 soldiers to help. Finally, after six days, the ice storm stopped, but the trouble was not over. The huge amount of ice made the whole area very dangerous. As the ice started to melt, it fell from the roofs of bui
5、ldings and trees like 6 . Most of the power lines were so badly damaged that they could not be 7 . Some families had no electricity for a whole month. Many homes were damaged and many people, 8 farmers, had to move away. The people of Canada will never forget how terrible nature can be. Everyone hop
6、es that there will never be another ice storm like the one in 1998.Keys: EDAC CEBD1. 学唱歌：根据老师提供的歌词，学唱经典歌曲You Rise Me up2. 从语法角度分析，以下加粗句子有什么共同的特点。When I am down 当我失意低落之时and, oh my soul, so weary; 我的精神，是那么疲倦不堪When troubles come 当烦恼困难袭来之际and my heart burdened be; 我的内心，是那么负担沉重Then, I am still 然而，我默默的伫立a
7、nd wait here in the silence, 静静的等待Until you come 直到你的来临and sit awhile with me. 片刻地和我在一起You raise me up, 你激励了我so I can stand on mountains; 故我能立足于群山之巅You raise me up, 你鼓舞了我to walk on stormy seas; 故我能行进于暴风雨的洋面I am strong, 在你坚实的臂膀上when I am on your shoulders; 我变得坚韧强壮You raise me up: 你的鼓励To more than I c
8、an be. 使我超越了自我There is no life - 世上没有no life without its hunger; 没有失去热望的生命Each restless heart 每颗悸动的心beats so imperfectly; 也都跳动得不那么完美But when you come 但是你的到来and I am filled with wonder, 让我心中充满了奇迹Sometimes, I think 甚至有时我认为 因为有你I glimpse eternity. 我瞥见了永恒知识精讲：知识点一、状语从句【知识梳理】时间状语从句【经典剖析】1 时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将
9、来。连接时间状语从句的连接词有：when(当的时候)，while（当的时候），as(当的时候)，once( 一旦)，till( until)（一直到，直到才），by the time(到时)，as soon as（一就）the moment(一就)since(自从 )before(在前)after(左后)2when，while，as均可表示“当的时候”。 when强调“特定时间”，表示主句谓语动词的动作与从句谓语动词的动作是同时发生的，或从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前；while表示的时间是一段，而不是一点，as多用在口语中，强调“同一时间”或“一前一后”，有时还有“随着”的含义。 I'
10、;ll go on with the work whencome back tomorrow我明天回来后会继续做我的工作。 When spring came, he felt like a trip.春天来了，他想去旅游。 When he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.(强调吃饭的时候）。 While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.（强调吃饭的过程中） While I was studying, you fell asleep.当我学习的
11、时候，你睡着了。 Just as he was speaking, there was a loud explosion.正当他要说话时，传来很大的爆炸声。 As I was going out, it began to rain.（强调两个动作先后发生） As spring warms the good earth，all flowers begin to bloom(as有“随着”的含义)3tilluntil，表示“一直到”，主从句都用肯定式；表示“直到才”，主句否定，从句肯定。 He worked until it was dark. 他一直工作到天黑。 He did not get u
12、p till his mother came in. 一直到母亲进来他才起床。4once“一旦”，by the time“到时”。 Once you see her, you will find what I said is true. 一旦你见到她就会发现我说的是对的。 Once (it is）published, this book will be very popular. 一旦出版，这本书会大受欢迎。 by the time+现在时，主句用将来完成时。 By the time he arrives, we will already have left here. 等他到达时，我们将已离
13、开这儿了。 by the time+一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。 By the time he arrived, we had already left here.他到达的时候我们早已离开这儿了。5as soon as，the moment表示从句动作一发生，主句动作随即发生，通常译为“一就”。 As soon as I finish the work, I'll go to see you. 我一完成工作就会来看你。 I shall come as soon as I've finished my supper. 我一吃完晚饭就来。 She came to the scen
14、e the moment she heard the news.她一听到消息就来到现场。6since“自从”， before“在前”，after“在后”，It was not long before意为“不久”。 since引导从句用非延续性动词或“过去时间点”或“过去时间段+ago”，主句用完成时态。 Since he graduated, he has worked in this city. 他毕业后一直在这个城市工作。 I haven't seen him since last year/ three years ago. 去年以来/3年来，我没见过他。 He handed i
15、n his paper before the bell rang. 他在铃响前交了卷子。 It was not long before he came back. 不久他就回来了。 I wrote back to him three days after I got his letter. 我接到他信3天后就给他回信了。原因状语从句和地点状语从句【经典剖析】1 原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的连词有： because, for, since, as, now that 1) because意为“因为”，表示直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句，用于回答why，语气最强。He is absent to
16、day because he is ill. 他今天缺席，因为他病了。I didn't go out because I was busy with homework. 我没有出去，因为我忙于家庭作业。有时，可用because of后接名词或代词表示原因，此时because of=for(介词)。We won't be able to come because of the weather. 由于天气的原因，我们来不了。She was looking all the better for her stay in hospital. 她因为待在医院，显得好多了。2) for意为“
17、因为”，引导的从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供补充说明，且不可位于主句前。for前往往用逗号或分号与主句分开，引起的从句对主句加以解释。I didn't go to see him, for a heavy snow was falling. 我没有去看他，因为在下大雪。The days were short, for it was now December. 白天短了，因为现在已经是十二月了。We must begin planning now, for the future may bring unexpected changes.我们必须现在就开始筹划，因为将来可能会发
18、生意想不到的变化。有时，for引起的从句并不表示原因，而是表示一种推断或解释，而because则不能。Someone in the house must be ill, for a doctor has just come out.房子里一定有人病了，因为有个医生刚刚出来。3) since意为“既然”、“由于”，一般表示对方已知的、无需加以说明的既成事实的理由(如果从句表示的原因不是确定的事实，就不能用since，通常用because)。Since you are going, I will go too. 既然你要走，我也走了。Since you are ill, I'll go a
19、lone. 由于你病了，我就一个人走了。4) as意为“由于”，表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系，着重点在主句，语气较弱。As it is snowing, we shall not go to the park. 由于正在下雪，我们就不去公园了。He had to apologize, as he knew he had made a mistake. 他必须道歉，因为他知道他错了。由as表示的原因语势最弱，常用于口语。5) now that意为“既然”，有时可将that省去，含义与since接近。区别在于：since表示原先已存在的情况，而now that表示现在才发生的情况。Now
20、that it has stopped raining, let's start at once. 既然现在雨停了，咱们马上开始吧！Now that you have come, you may as well stay. 既然来了，你最好还是待在这儿。2地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词有： where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere Put it where you can see it. 把它放在你看得见的地方。 I'll find him, wherever he is. 不管他在哪里我都要找到他。 You should put the
21、 book where it was.你应该把书放在原来的地方。 Wherever you go, you should do your work well. 不论你到哪里都要把工作做好。 You cant camp anywhere/where/ wherever you like.你不能想在哪里安营就在哪里安营。条件状语从句【经典剖析】1条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。引导条件状语从句的连词有： if 如果；unless除非，如果不；on condition that条件是；as long as只要 2表示正面的条件用if“如果”。 If you don't look after
22、 young trees, they will die very quickly. 如果你不好好照看小树苗，它们就会很快死去。 If the museum charges for entry, a lot of people won't be able to visit it. 如果进入博物馆要收费，许多人就参观不成了。3表示否定的条件用unless( =if.not)“除非，如果不”。 I shall not go to the cinema unless I finish my homework before eight. 我不会去看电影，除非我能在8点前完成作业。 说明：ifno
23、t常可以用unless替代。 If you dont study hard, you will fail in the exam. You will fail in the exam unless you study hard.4表示使某事成为现实必要的条件用on condition that“条件是”，as long as 只要”。 You may go swimming on condition that you don't swim too far away from the river bank.你可以去游泳，条件是你不能游得离河岸太远。 As long as you keep
24、 on trying, you will surely succeed. 只要你继续尝试就一定能成功。 因此，我们不能说： As long as you don't study hard, you will fail in the exam.5祈使结构表条件。 前半部分的祈使结构相当于if条件句，可用动词或名词开头；后半部分的简单句常用一般将来时，有时也用一般现在时。此句型与条件状语从句形成同义结构。1) 祈使句( , ) +and/then+简单句 > if 从句(否定式)+主句 Give me somewhere to stand, and I will move the e
25、arth.（如果）给我一个支点，我便能掀动地球。 =If you give me somewhere to stand, I will move the earth. One more word, and I'll turn you out. 你再多说一句，我就把你赶出去。 =If you speak one more word, I will turn you out. Use your head, then you'll find a way. 动动脑子你就能找到办法。 =If you use your head, you'll find a way.2) 祈使句（
26、,）+or+简单句 > if 从句(否定式)+主语 Work even harder, or you will never pass the exam. 如果不加倍努力，你就永远无法通过考试。 = If you don't work harder, you will never pass the exam.Stop telling lies, or you will be punished. 如果你继续说谎，就会受到惩罚。 = If you don't stop telling lies, you will be punished.让步状语从句 【经典剖析】1引导让步状语
27、从句的连词有： although, while, even though, even if, whether. (or not), 用no matter十wh-/how 引导 2althoughthough“虽然”。 Although I didnt know anybody at the party, I had a very good time. 虽然晚会上的客人我一个也不认识，但我玩得很愉快。 注意“althoughbut”是个典型的错误，因为but是并列连词，不能与从属连词although连用。但是，although可与yet，still连用，因为yet，still是副词，它可使前后关
28、系更明确。3while意为“然而”。1) while用于对照，说明两种情况相反，意为“然而，但是”。 Tom is very outgoing, while Jane is shy and quiet.汤姆性格外向，而简却腼腆安静。 While I was reading, he was playing. 我在读书，而他在玩。2) while意为“虽然，尽管”，同although，此时从句和主句的主语往往为同一人或物。 While she liked cats。she never let them come into her room虽然她喜欢猫，但她从不让猫进她的房间。4even if “即
29、使”（if后陈述的是假设）；even though“尽管”（though后陈述的是事实）。 I'm going to apply for the job, even if it pays very little. 即使报酬不高，我也要去申请那份工作。 He is an honest man, I say, even though I have opposed him. 我说他是个诚实的人，尽管我反对过他。5whether(or not)“无论是或是”. Whether it rains or not, I shall go out for an outing. 无论是否下雨，我都要外出
30、游玩。 Whether we win or lose, we are going to do our best. 无论胜败，我们都会尽最大努力。 注意 whether作“无论”解，用现在时表将来；whether作“是否”解时则不能。 They'll go out whether it rains or not tomorrow. 无论明天是否下雨，他们都要出去。 Can you tell me whether it will rain or not tomorrow? 你能告诉我明天是否下雨吗？6用no matter+ wh-how的词引导，意为“无论”。no matter who无论
31、谁，no matter which无论哪一，no matter what无论什么,no matter when无论何时，no matter where无论哪里，no matter how无论怎样No matter who you are, you must obey the law. 无论你是谁，你都应当遵纪守法。 No matter where you are, you must remember you are a League member. 无论你在哪里，你都应当记住你是一个团员。 It has the same result no matter which way you do it
32、. 无论用什么方法来做，结果都一样。 No matter what happens, we'll never lose heart.不管发生什么，我们永远不会灰心。 You can always find him working at the desk no matter when you go to see him. 无论什么时候你去看他，总会发现他坐在桌边工作。 No matter how cold it is, she often goes swimming.无论有多冷，她总是常去游泳。目的、结果、比较状语从句【经典剖析】1引导目的状语从句的连词有： in order that目
33、的是为了，so that，以便 以in order that，so that引导的目的状语从句谓语通常用may，might加动词构成，也可用can/ could或willwould加动词构成。 He works hard in order that he can serve his country well. 他努力工作，目的是为了能更好地为国家服务。 They started early so that they might arrive in time. 他们很早出发，以便按时到达。 注意“for+动名词”不用于表目的，但“for+名词”可用于表目的。 Write it in simple
34、 English to make(不能用for making) everybody understand. 为了能让每个人都理解，请用简单的英语写。 Better get up early for the early train. 为了能赶上早班火车，请早一点起床。2引导结果状语从句的词： so that以致，sothat如此以致，suchthat如此以致 He made a wrong decision, so that half of his property was lost. 他做了个错误的决定，以至于他丢失了一半的财产。 The box is so heavy that nobody
35、 can move it. 这个箱子是如此重，（以至于）无人能移动它。 It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it. 这个箱子如此重，（以至于）无人能移动它。 注意so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句，其区别在于：引导结果状语从句时通常用逗号同主句分开。3引导比较状语从句的词有： than比，asas“像一样”，not soas“不像一样”，the morethe more“越越” I know you better than he does. 我比他更了解你。 We walked as fast as we could.
36、我们尽可能地快步行走。 The work is not so easy as you thought. 这工作没有你想的那么简单。 Nothing is so precious as health没有什么能像健康一样珍贵。 The harder you study, the greater progress you will make. 你越努力学习，进步就越大。【例题精讲】例1. The nurse wont leave her patients _ shes sure they are all taken care of. A)unless B) because C) since D) i
37、f【答案】A【解析】考察条件状语从句。例2. The two companies decided to work together _ they had common interest.A. because B. unless C. but D. or【答案】A【解析】考察原因状语从句。【巩固练习】1. we gave him something to eat, he would save it up for his little sister.A. WhateverB. HoweverC. WheneverD. Whichever2.Hard-working though he was, t
38、here was never enough money to pay the bills.A. /B. andC. butD. therefore3.Much hardhe tried, he flailed to catch up with the first runner.A. althoughB. asC. whileD. when4.I got in touch with CharlesI received his letter.A. when immediatelyB. soonC. immediatelyD. suddenly5.We were justcalling you up
39、you came in.A. about; whenB. on the point of; whileC. on the point of; whenD. on the point of; as6.Most of his great novels and plays were not published or known to the public his tragic (悲剧) death in 1786.A. even beforeB. ever sinceC. until afterD. until before7.Mr. Saddam Hussein had to go with th
40、e American soldiers,.A. no matter he likes or notB. no matter he should like it or notC. no matter whether he likes or notD. no matter he may like it or not8. , I have to put it away and focus (集中) my attention on study this week.A. However the story is amusingB. No matter amusing the story isC. How
41、ever amusing the story isD. No matter how the story is amusing9.Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind, they hunt them for food.A. ifB. whileC. unlessD. as10. he thought he was helping us with the work, he was actually in the way.A. AlthoughB. UnlessC. Because D. When【答
42、案】AABCC CCCCA知识点二、阅读回答问题【知识梳理】“阅读理解”的一种形式，考查学生信息查找能力、语篇理解能力和归纳概括能力。题目难度介于阅读理解和写作之间,要求学生在看懂文章的基础上给出的问题答案。要求学生要有很好的阅读理解和归纳总结的能力，并且能够根据所给题目准确找出解题依据，给出答案，注意细节。文体主要还是以记叙文为主，其他文体为辅。其中，问题类型的设置也是比较固定的。四种疑问句组成具体形式如下：一般疑问句例如：Did Helen help Sahra to learn English?（上海2010中考真题）特殊疑问句（what, how, when, where, why提问
43、）例如：上海2013中考真题Where was the missing college student found? Why do some experts worry most about young people? How can Internet addicts solve their problem? What might be the title of this passage?(In no more than TEN words)反意疑问句：前否后肯，前肯后否，看作一般疑问句，根据实际情况回答。（近5年中考卷没有出现过反义疑问句回答，但是一模、二模卷中近2年还是比较常见的）选择疑问
44、句（避免Yes/No,选择性回答，也可以全部肯定或者否定）例如：Does Mary read space news or business news?最后一题开放型提问，要注意避免使用good, bad, great过于笼统的词汇。要根据文字进行一些更加详细的回答信息。解题技巧：1.读懂问题-通读全文-信息定位-准确表达-避免答非所问；2. 注意以材料为本。无论是单词、词组、句子，还是人、物、时间、地点、原因等，都要根据文章类型准确填写；3. 注意文章中的人称和时态，做到问答一致。考试时最常见的错误就是时态语态用错；4. 灵活运用同义词语的替换和各种句型的不同表达；5. 对于开放性问题的回答，
45、应根据文章提供的素材，根据全文大意、中心思想和作者的情感、立场展开合理的想象；6. 在对待生词的处理上，要一分为二地看待。有些不影响理解的生词（如地名，人名）可直接忽视掉。有些生词前后会出现破折号、冒号或者出现that is to say 或者that means等词时，其实就是解释说明的作用。可以注意推测出词意；7. 态度要端正，目前每年的篇幅都是呈上升的趋势，所以学生要有心理准备，务必要把握好做阅读题的节奏。针对不同的提问形式，需要注意下列问题：what提问使用名词、to do、doing、句子等回答why提问使用Because, for, since, as, in order to等形
46、式回答when提问使用介词+时间，如：In 1948./On September 19, 2004where提问使用介词+地点，如In the parkhow提问使用形容词、副词、by doing、with等方式状语How long提问使用For+时间段, since+时间点或者句子，如：For two years注：如果动词是take、spend时，时间段是动词的宾语，这时不需要介词。How far提问使用Five minutes walk；Its about 20 kilometers等等反意疑问句按事实回答，其中陈述部分为否定的反意疑问句回答是易错点选择疑问句注意不要yes和no来回答，直接进行选择，也可以全部否定或者肯定一般疑问句注意应将简单回答书写完整（分步给分）开放式问题使用I think he/she /We need to be /I can learn from him