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1、十年（20102020）高考英语真题分项详解24完形填空·记叙文体类1.(2020年7月，浙江卷） Ive been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger scat.One morning I 1 a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. The
2、 lamb had become separated from its 2 , so I jumped out of the tractor to 3 it while Don stayed in his seat.Lamb and mother 4 , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so 5 because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. 6 Don had somehow made the 7 mov
3、e.My heart froze in my chest as I 8 the tractor heading towards the 9 .I ran desperately but failed to 10 . It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The 11 thing I saw was Dons face, looking calmly back at me.Heart in mouth, I 12 the fence and looked over. The tractor was 13 against the cr
4、ash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously(奇迹般地) crossed the 14 road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldnt see Don, but as I 15 the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently 16 , and dashed back to me.The police 17 and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn't quite belie
5、ve my 18 it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been 19 .Don was given a special 20 that nightI didnt want him thinking I was angry with him.1.A.droppedB.spottedC.carriedD.returned2.A.kidsB.friendsC.ownerD.mother3.A.ask aboutB.play withC.tend toD.run into4.A.freedB.switchedC
6、.reunitedD.examined5.A.unexpectedB.dangerousC.embarrassingD.difficult6.A.FortunatelyB.GenerallyC.ImmediatelyD.Obviously7.A.lambB.vehicleC.seatD.fence8.A.sawB.stoppedC.rememberedD.drove9.A.crowdB.motorwayC.fieldD.hill10.A.take offB.catch upC.hold backD.get out11.A.realB.bestC.basicD.last12.A.fixedB.n
7、oticedC.reachedD.closed13.A.restingB.runningC.parkingD.turning14.A.sleepB.longC.roughD.busy15.A.abandonedB.approachedC.recognizedD.repaired16.A.uncleanB.uncertainC.unhurtD.unhappy17.A.arrivedB.repliedC.survivedD.waited18.A.abilityB.dreamC.luckD.idea19.A.commonB.confusingC.desirableD.awful20.A.mealB.
8、testC.jobD.lesson【答案】1.B 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.B11.D 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.B 16.C 17.A 18.C 19.D 20.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者开车带着它的狗去田地，路上发现了一只和它妈妈走散的小羊。作者下车去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了车上。后来，作者帮助小羊找到了妈妈，谁知竟发现自己的狗开着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶，害怕造成严重的后果。幸运的是，最后没有人受伤。这真是一个奇迹！1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，我在山顶的田野里发现了一只迷路的小羊，那里有一条高
9、速公路穿过我的田地。A. dropped下降；B. spotted发现；C. carried搬； D. returned返回。下文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我是无意中发现了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. kids小孩；B. friends朋友；C. owner主人；D. mother妈妈。根据下文Lamb and mother，可知小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。3.考查动词短语辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. ask about询问；
10、B. play with同一起玩；C. tend to照看；D. run into撞上。上文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以可以推测出我跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选C。4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。A. freed使自由；B. switched转变；C. reunited重聚；D. examined检查。下文说我转过身去看拖拉机，因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉机。故选C。5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这太出乎意料了，因为我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. dangerous危险的；C.
11、 embarrassing使人尴尬的；D. difficult困难的。上文说我看见拖拉机突然离开了我，下文说我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。6.考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Generally通常；C. Immediately立即；D. Obviously显然。根据while Don stayed in his seat可知我跳下车，照顾小羊的时候，Don还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。故选D。7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来
12、。A. lamb小羊；B. vehicle车辆；C. seat座位；D. fence栅栏。根据I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.可知我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。所以这里指的是Don开走了我的车。故选B。8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. saw看到；B. stopped停止；C. remembered记得；D. drove驾驶。下文说，我拼命地追，所以我是看到了拖拉机朝高速公路开去。故选A。9.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到
13、拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. crowd人群；B. motorway高速公路；C. field旷野；D. hill小山。根据near where a motorway cuts through my land.和having miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed theroad with fast-flowing traffic.可知拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故选B。10.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我拼命地跑，但没能追上。A. take off起飞； B. catch up追上； C. hold back阻止；D. get out出去。根据I ran despe
14、rately以及下文It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.可知我没有追上拖拉机。故选B。11.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最后看到的是Don的脸，它平静地看着我。A. real真实的；B. best最好的； C. basic基本的；D. last最后的。Don平静地看着我，这是我最后看到的事情。故选D。12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心都提到嗓子眼了，我抵达栅栏，仔细检查。A. fixed固定；B. noticed意； C. reached抵达；D. closed关。根据and looked over可知我是抵达了栅栏。故选C。1
15、3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. resting 倚靠；B. running跑； C. parking停车；D. turning转动。根据the crash barrier in the central reservation可知拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。故选A。14.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. steep陡峭的；B. long长的；C. rough粗糙的；D. busy繁忙的。根据fast-flowing traffic可知这条高速公
16、路非常繁忙。故选D。15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. abandoned抛弃； B. approached接近;C. recognized意识到；D. repaired修理。下文说我的狗冲回我身边，所以我必定是接近了拖拉机。故选B。16.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. unclean不洁的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. unhurt没有受伤的；D. unhappy不快乐的。根据下文no one got badly hurt可知我的狗
17、没有受伤。故选C。17.考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察来了，高速公路的运行又恢复了正常。A. arrived到达；B. replied回答；C. survived幸存；D. waited等待。下文说高速公路的运行又恢复了正常，可知是警察到达，处理了情况。故选A。18.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. ability能力；B. dream梦想； C. luck运气；D. idea想法。我的狗驾驶着拖拉机上了车水马龙的高速路，结果却没有人受伤，所以我不相信我有这么好的运气。故选C。19.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没
18、有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. common普通的；B. confusing混乱的；C. desirable令人向往的；D. awful可怕的。根据上文作者的极度担忧My heart froze in my chest和Heart in mouth以及生活常识，动物开车上了高速路，结果可能是非常可怕的。故选D。20.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Don那天晚上被给予了一顿特别的晚餐我不想让它认为我生它的气。A. meal一餐；B. test测验；C. job工作； D. lesson教训。根据下文I didn't want him thinking I was angry with h
19、im.可知我不想让它认为我生它的气，所以我给它提供了一顿特别的晚餐。故选A。2.(2020年，全国卷II）It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be 21 to the public because of Italys privacy laws, 22 working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” 23 by t
20、he Italian police where things 24 on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look 25 above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder 26 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.When Nicolo retired and went
21、 to live in Sicily, he 27 the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had 28 from Turin. His son, age 15, who had 29 an art appreciation class, thought that there was something 30 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought
22、, but when he 31 it, he only found “Bonnard,” a French 32 he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 33 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 34 as his fathers painting.“Thats the garden in our picture,”Nicolos son told his father. They 35 learned
23、that the painting they 36 was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They 37 the other painting and learned that it was 38 Paul Gauguins “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The 39 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were 40 and worth as much as $
24、50 million.21.A.attachedB.allocatedC.exposedD.submitted22.A.finishedB.delayedC.consideredD.tried23.A.attendedB.reservedC.cancelledD.run24.A.shownB.foundC.keptD.hidden25.A.niceB.familiarC.usefulD.real26.A.battledB.debatedC.discussedD.bargain27.A.heldB.leftC.registeredD.brought28.A.chosenB.receivedC.o
25、rderedD.moved29.A.missedB.failedC.takenD.led30.A.concreteB.unusualC.unappealingD.natual31.A.appreciatedB.touchedC.researchedD.witnessed32.A.painterB.designerC.authorD.actor33.A.expectedB.surprisedC.anxiousD.ready34.A.roomB.kitchenC.hallD.garden35.A.apparentlyB.confidentlyC.eventuallyD.temporarily36.
26、A.ownedB.borrowedC.soldD.stole37.A.collectedB.cleanedC.framedD.studied38.A.suitablyB.actuallyC.rightlyD.specifically39.A.girlB.artistC.familyD.police40.A.copiesB.originalsC.modelsD.presents【答案】21.C 22.A 23.D 24.B 25.A 26.A 27.D 28.D 29.C 30.B31.C 32.A 33.B 34.D 35.C 36.A 37.D 38.B 39.C 40.B【解析】这是一篇记
27、叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫Nicolo的人在拍卖会上以低价购得两幅画。后来他学艺术欣赏的儿子经过研究发现这两副画可能来自著名画家，他们打电话给意大利文化部，那儿的官员证实这两幅画都是画家的真迹，价值至少5000万美元。21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因意大利的隐私法不能暴露给公众。A. attached参加；B. allocated分配；C. exposed暴露；D. submitted上交。根据下文的because of Italy's privacy可知此处用be exposed to“暴露”符合语境，故选C项。22.
28、考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因为意大利的隐私法不能暴露给警方。A. finished完成；B. delayed推迟；C. considered考虑；D. tried尝试。根据上文的It was just after sunrise on a June morning可推测Nicolo刚在工厂里上完了夜班，即完成了一整夜的工作，故选A项。23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警方进行的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. attended参加；B. reserved保护；C.
29、cancelled取消；D. run进行。结合常识可知，拍卖会上需要有警察来维持秩序，进行拍卖，故选D项。24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警察管理的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. shown展示；B. found发现；C. kept保存；D. hidden隐藏。根据句意可知，此处是指拍卖的东西都是从一列火车上发现的，故选B项。25.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，很多其它东西中，Nicolo看到了两幅画，他觉得它们看起来挂在自己的餐桌上方会很漂亮。A. nice漂亮的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. useful有用
30、的； D. real真的。根据下文的Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可推测Nicolo认为这两幅画挂在自己的餐桌前会很漂亮，所以才会出高价买，故选A项。26.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo和另外一个竞标人竞争，直到Nicolo最终以32美元的价格赢得了这两幅画。A. battled竞争；B. debated辩论；C. discussed 讨论；D. bargained讨价还价。根据上文的were sold to the highest bidder可知此处用“竞争”符合语
31、境，故选A项。27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Nicolo退休去Sicily居住时，他带上了这两幅画。A. held拿着；B. left离开，留下；C. registered注册；D. brought带来。根据下文的he hung them above the same table可知，Nicolo搬家时带上了这两幅画，故选D项。28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把它们挂在同一张桌子的上面，这张桌子是他从Turin搬来的。A. chosen选择；B. received收到；C. ordered 命令；D. moved搬。根据上文的the same table可知，Nicolo搬家时也把桌子搬来了
32、，故选D项。29.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那幅有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. missed错过；B. failed失败；C. taken拿；D. led导致。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语take classes“上课”，故选C项。30.考查形容词词义辨析，句意：句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那副有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. concrete具体的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. unappealing不吸引人的；D. natural自然的。根据下文的it was signed ''
33、;Bonnato'' or he thought可知，儿子认为这幅画可能是一个著名画家的画，故觉得它有些不同寻常，故选B项。31.考查动词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了“Bonnard”，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. appreciated欣赏；B. touched触摸；C. researched研究；D. witnessed目睹。根据下文的he only found ''Bonnard''可推测儿子仔细研究了画，故选C项。32.考查名词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是
34、这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了Bonnard，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. painter画家；B. designer设计师；C. author 作家；D. actor演员。根据下文的a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard可知，此处用画家符合语境，故选A项。33.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard的画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. expected意料的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. ready准备好的。根据下文的sittin
35、g on the same chair in the same 54 as his father's painting可知此处用“吃惊的”符合语境，故选B项。34.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard的画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. room房间；B. kitchen餐厅； C. hall 大厅；D. garden花园。根据上文的with a young girl sitting on a garden chair可知此处用“花园”符合语境，garden是原词复现，故选D项。35.考查副词词义辨析。句意
36、：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A. apparently明显地；B. confidently自信地；C. eventually 最后；D. temporary暂时的。根据上文的he bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same as his father's painting可知，此处是指经过一系列的对比和研究，他们终于从一本书上得知了其中一副画的名字，故选C项。36.考查动词词义辨析。句
37、意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A. owned拥有；B. borrowed借；C. sold卖；D. stole偷。根据上文的Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可知，这幅画的所有权是Nicolo的，即他们拥有它，故选A项。37.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin的Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog。A. collected收集；B. cleaned打扫；C. framed制定；D. studied研究。根据上文的b
38、ut when he 51 it可知此处用“研究”符合语境，research和study是同义词复现，故选D项。38.考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin的Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog。A. suitably适合地；B. actually事实上；C. rightly正确地；D. specifically具体地。根据句意可知，此处是指他们研究了另外一副画，事实证明也是一副著名画家的画，故选B项。39.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达50
39、00万美元。A. girl女孩；B. artist艺术家；C. family家庭；D. police警察。根据上下文可知，此处是指Nicolo一家为了鉴别画的真伪给意大利文化部打电话，故选C项。40.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5000万美元。A. copies复制品；B. originals原版；C. models 模型；D. presents礼物。根据下文的as much as $50 million可推测，这两幅画都是画家的原版，故选B项。3.Mr. Roberts had divided the class into groups
40、to do presentations. Each person in the group would 41 for five minutes in front of the class. Today was Sarah s 42 . Her legs trembled(颤抖) all the way to the front of the classroom. Her hands shook so 43 that she could not read her notes.“Sarah, I know youre 44 , but you worked hard on this project
41、. Id hate to see you give up on yourself,” Mr. Roberts said to her after class. “If I give you a chance until tomorrow, do you think you can find your 45 ?”Sarah nodded, 46 for the chance. She went as quickly as she could to her next class.When she reached home that afternoon, Momma was baking(烘烤).W
42、hen Momma baked, Sarah always watched and chatted with her. Momma always said it was Sarahs 47 that made her baked goods taste so sweet.Momma 48 Sarahs face as she came into the kitchen. “Whats 49 , Sarah?”With tears in her eyes, Sarah told Momma the whole 50 . Putting the cake pans into the oven, M
43、omma set the timer and then said, “Let me show you 51 .”Sarah followed Momma to her bedroom, where Momma 52 a blue ribbon that said “First Place” in her old things.“I 53 it for public speaking. I started the school year as the shyest girl on the speech team, 54 I ended the year as the blue ribbon wi
44、nner. It wasnt 55 because I was a very timid(胆小的) girl. I worked hard, and mostly I 56 my fears. You just need to find your courage.”The next day Sarah again walked to the front of the classroom to give her 57 .Earlier that morning before school, Sarah had borrowed Mommas blue ribbon for 58 . As Sar
45、ah faced the class, preparing to speak, she 59 the ribbon in her pocket, and Mommas 60 words. Sarah took a deep breath and began to speak with confidence.41.A.standB.workC.listenD.speak42.A.turnB.moveC.classD.choice43.A.gentlyB.badlyC.warmlyD.deeply44.A.proudB.shyC.friendlyD.confident45.A.kindnessB.
46、patienceC.courageD.requirement46.A.sorryB.knownC.readyD.grateful47.A.tearsB.trustC.devotionD.company48.A.ignoredB.studiedC.showedD.pressed49.A.perfectB.wrongC.specialD.acceptable50.A.storyB.planC.questionD.chance51.A.everythingB.nothingC.anythingD.something52.A.hungB.foundC.tiedD.wore53.A.wonB.soldC
47、.boughtD.searched54.A.soB.butC.unlessD.since55.A.easyB.politeC.clearD.popular56.A.imaginedB.thankedC.worriedD.faced57.A.suggestionB.presentationC.informationD.permission58.A.congratulationB.explanationC.conclusionD.encouragement59.A.rememberedB.describedC.regrettedD.received60.A.famousB.angryC.supportiveD.thoughtless【答案】41.D 42.A 43.B 44.B 45.C 46.D 47.D 48.B