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1、十年（20102020）高考英语真题分项详解英语句法名词性从句1.(2010辽宁)Its no use having ideas only . Dont worry. Peter can show you _to turn an idea into an act.A. how B. who C. what D. where【答案】A【解析】句意：光有主意没用。不用担心, 皮特可以教你怎样把主意变为行动。虽然四个词都可以和动词不定式连用, 但是意义不同。how表示 “怎样”, 强调方式。而who和what是连接代词, 一般在不定式短语中作宾语, 此句 中动词不定式有宾语, 不再需要宾语, 所以排
2、除, where则强调地点。与上一句不对应。2. (2010福建)We should respect food and think about the people who dont have we have here and treat food nicely.A. that B. which C. what D. whether【答案】C【解析】空格在句中充当宾语。我们应该尊重食物, 考虑那些我们所拥有的东西和认真对待食物的态度。3.(2010湖南)Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office
3、knew she was so angry.A. where B. whether C. that D. why 【答案】D【解析】该空引导宾语从句, 根据句意 “办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”可判断选D项。4.(2010天津)As a new graduate, he doesnt know it takes to start a business here.A. how B. what C. When D. which【答案】B【解析】句意：作为一名新毕业生, 他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。空格后的从句中takes是动词, 其后缺少宾语, 所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。
4、5.(2010北京) some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A. Whether B. What C. That D. How【答案】B【解析】句意：一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。从句中缺宾语, 只能用B. what来引导. C.中的That引导主语从句不做成分。6.(2010浙江)How about camping this weekend, just for a change?OK, you want. A. whichever B. however C. whateverD. whoever
5、【答案】C【解析】句意：“这个周末野营怎么样, 来点新鲜的？” “好啊, 按你的意思吧！”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。7.(2010浙江)It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether【答案】B【解析】根据句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物, 但是, 它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。side effect意思是 “副作用”, 还原主语从句
6、中的主干是the medicine will bring about _ side effect。故选择what, 形容词 “什么样的”, 起修饰作用。8.(2010上海)One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A. that B. how C. what D. why【答案】A【解析】考查that引导同位语从句的用法。此处that不可以省略。9.(2010湖北)The news _（房价将要下跌）has caused
7、 many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall)【答案】that the housing price will fall【解析】用 “that” 引导同位语从句, “房价”译成 “housing price”。10.(2010山东)Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season.A. why B. what C. how D. which【答案】B【解析】句意应为 “在大甩卖开始前, 我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到
8、的东西列了一个清单。”分析句式结构可知, 空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need的宾语, 所以B项结构正确。which 引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。11.(2010上海)When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is enteringC. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering
9、【答案】B【解析】which引导的句子做know的宾语, 句子用陈述语序。12.(2010四川)How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with, whether his friends or relatives. A. what B. who C. how D. why 【答案】B【解析】根据句末的 whether his friends or relatives可知应是和谁去, 故选B。句意为 “一个人旅游多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去, 无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。”13.(2010全国卷I)We
10、havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture.A. that B. which C. what D. where【答案】D【解析】句意：我们还没有讨论把我们的新家具放在哪里。干中空格划在动词discuss的后面, 因此考查宾语从句, 根据句意在宾语从句中缺少地点状语, 因此选择D。14.(2010湖北)I want to be liked and loved for I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how【答案】C【解析】句意：我想别人喜欢我是因为我的内在。也就是我i
11、nside的品质。只有what可以指代是什么。很多同学误选A, 错误的用中文语言习惯去做英文题。15.(2010全国卷II)Have you finished the book?-No, Ive read up to _the children discover the secret cave.A. which B. what C. hat D. where【答案】D【解析】up to为介词结构, 后接宾语从句从句；而句意是 “读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴的地方”, 故用where引导这个宾语从句最合适。16.(2010江苏)I prefer shutting myself in and liste
12、ning to music all day on Sundays.Thats _I dont agree. You should have a more active life.A. where B. how C. when D what【答案】A【解析】这就是我不同意的地方.agree 是不及物动词,所以用where. 用表语从句。17.(2010北京)Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own
13、 life.A. what B. that C. why D. whether【答案】B【解析】从句不缺成分, 因此用that来引导。句意：狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说大卫科波菲尔的部分原因是小说创作非常贴近他本人的真实生活。18.(2011北京)_ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whom【答案】B【解析】句意：这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合句意可知答案为A，此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句。19.(2011北京)The shockin
14、g news mad me realize _ terrible problems we would face.A. whatB. howC. thatD. why【答案】A【解析】由句中的IS可知其前面是由what引导的主语从句，且what在从句中作offer的宾语，故答案为A项。20.(2011上海)There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that【答案】D【解析】句意为：证据表明，所有能够说明的感觉中最困难的是身
15、体的疼痛。分析句子结构，从句中不错成分，故用关联词that。21.(2011上海)The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understandA. whyB. thatC. whichD. what【答案】D【解析】句意为：你试图通过言语表达的意思或许恰恰跟别人理解的相反。22.(2011山东)I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes any
16、thing.A. that B. when C. where D. why【答案】D【解析】句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“which is.”引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why”引导。23.(2011山东)Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it.A. where B. what C. whether D. which【答案】C【解析】根据句意“我们提供给她了这份工作，但我不知道她是否会接受”。whether “是否“， where “哪里“wha
17、t “什么”，which “哪个“。24.(2011江西)The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge.A. thisB. thatC. whatD. which【答案】C【解析】村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。25.(2011江苏)It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.A. that B. how C. when D. why【答案】A【解析】
18、句意：这名男子没有早点报告这次事故的原因根本没有搞清楚。It在句中是形式主语，真正的主语是why引导的主语从句。26.(2011安徽)His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what【答案】D【解析】句意为：他的笔迹非常混乱，很难弄清他想表达什么意思。本题考查动词短语make out引起的的宾语从句，该空在宾语从句中作express的宾语，表示事物，故选择D项。That在宾语从句中不作句子成分；how作方
19、式状语；who作主语，指人。只有what可用作宾语并且指事物。27.(2011四川)Our teachers always tell us to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which【答案】C【解析】in介词之后所接的宾语从句中缺少及物动词do的宾语，指事物，故填what。why“为什么”；how“怎么样”；which“哪一个”。28.(2011辽宁)Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to
20、teach _ to read first.A. what B. who . how D. why【答案】C【解析】句子意思：20个学生想要去听旨在教授如何快速阅读的课程。根据句子结构可知，that aims to teach _ to read first.是定语从句，修饰先行词class，在此定语从句中，teach后接的宾语从句中缺少表示方式的连接词，故how正确。此处为“连接词+to do”结构。29.(2011辽宁)When the news came _ the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army.A. since B. w
21、hich C. that D. because【答案】C【解析】句意：当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定去部队服役。此处的“ the war broke out”解释说明the news的具体内容，且从句中不缺少成分，故为同位语从句，用that连接。30.(2011天津)Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases.A. what B. which C. that D. where【答案】C【解析】句意为：现代科技已经给出了充分的证据，表明吸烟可能引起许多疾病。31.(2011陕西)Id li
22、ke to start my own businessthats _ Id do if I had the money. A. why B. when C. which D. what【答案】D【解析】后面从句不完整，do后面缺少宾语，所以要填连接代词what，答案D。32.(2011重庆)It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A. whether B. when C. which D. where【答案】A【解析】still under d
23、iscussion“还在讨论中”说明“旧中巴车站是否应该被一个宾馆替代”还没决定。且根据后面的whetheror not也可以做出正确选择。33.(2011重庆)It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life.A. whose B. what C. which D. that【答案】B【解析】What引导宾语从句，同时在从句中作use的定语。还原句子为“a new invention can be of what use”。34.(2011湖南)Before a
24、problem can be solved, it must be obvious _the problem itself is. A. what B. that C. which D. why【答案】A【解析】从句中缺表语，排除B和D；又因题目没有给出problem的范围，故选A；句意：在解决问题之前，一定要弄清楚问题是什么。35.(2012安徽)The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _he reaches these limits will depend on hi
25、s environment.A. where B. whether C. that D. why 【答案】B【解析】根据句意，表示是否之意。36.(2012重庆)Evidence has been found through years of study_ childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.A. why B. how C. whether D. that【答案】D【解析】此处考查的是同位语从句,that表陈述，描述evidence。37. (2012全国卷)It is by no
26、 means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. how B. whichC. that D. what【答案】D【解析】此处it作形式主语，替代that引导的主语从句，that表陈述。 38.(2012北京)Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently.A. why B. how C. that D. whether【答案】C【解析】此处表陈述，用that引导宾语从句。39.(2012福建)We pr
27、omise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever【答案】C【解析】此处whoever引导关系从句，解释为anyone who。40.(2012陕西)As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best.A. whatever B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever【答案】B【
28、解析】在限定范围five之中进行选择，应使用whichever。41.(2012山东)It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.A. how B. whether C. what D. why【答案】B【解析】根据后文的or可知用whether引导主语从句，构成句型whetheror。42.(2012湖南)Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesnt matter _ you have lived there for a short or a long
29、 time.A. why B. how C. whether D. when【答案】C【解析】根据后文的or可知用whether引导主语从句，构成句型whetheror。43.(2012天津)It doesnt matter _ you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.A. whether B. how C. if D. when 【答案】A【解析】根据后文的or可知用whether引导主语从句，构成句型whetheror。44.(2012江西)It suddenly occurred to him _
30、 he had left his keys in the office.A. whether B. where C. which D. that 【答案】D【解析】此处it作形式主语，替代that引导的主语从句，that表陈述。45.(2012辽宁)The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _ he could find about Mark Twain.A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever【答案】C【解析】此处whatever引导宾语从句，相当于an
31、ything that。46.(2012四川)Scientists study _ human brains work to make computers.A. when B. how C. that D. whether【答案】B【解析】根据句意可知答案问及的是方式，故选B。47.(2012浙江)I made a promise to myself _ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.A. whether B. what C. that D. how 【答案】C【解析】此处应用that引导宾语从句，表陈述
32、。48.(2012江苏)The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.A. when B. that C. whether D. how 【答案】B【解析】此处考查的是同位语从句,that表陈述，描述notice。49.(2013北京)_ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. A. ThatB. WhatC. WhoD. Which【答案】B【解析】is之前为主语从句。从句中缺
33、少主语指事物，故选what。That只起引导作用，不充当成分，排除；Who指人；不符合语境，排除；Which充当定语，起修饰作用，也不符合上下文的语境，排除。50.(2013北京)Experts believe _ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. A. whyB. whereC. thatD. what【答案】C【解析】动词believe之后为宾语从句，从句陈述一个事实，结构完整，不缺少成分，故选用that。why作原因状语；where做地点状语；what作主语或宾语。51.(2013湖南)Do
34、 not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _ close you may be to victory.A. howB. thatC. whichD. where【答案】A【解析】动词tell之后为宾语从句，宾语从句部分为感叹句转换而来，修饰形容词close用how，故选A。that, which和where都不能引导感叹句。52.(2013江西)_ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.A. WhoeverB. WhateverC. Whichev
35、erD. Wherever【答案】C【解析】主句谓语为will have to pay，之前为主语从句，根据句意， whichever“无论哪一个”，作定语，修饰one，故选C。Whoever作主语；Whatever指物，不符合题意；Wherever指地点，作地点状语，也不符合语境。句意为无论你们当中哪个人弄坏窗子都必须赔偿。53.(2013山东)Its good to know_ the dogs will be well cared for while were away. A. what B. whoseC. which D. that 【答案】D【解析】动词know之后为宾语从句，从句
36、中意思完整，也不缺少成分，故用that表陈述一件实事。what作主语或宾语；whose作定语；which作定语，后面一般接of结构。句意为知道当我们外出时这这些狗狗将会得到精心的护理是一件好事。54.(2013陕西)It remains to be seen the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.A. that B. which C. what D. whether【答案】D【解析】it作形式主语，真正主语为横线后的主语从句。从句中结构完整，因此排除代词B和C两项；“有待被观察”的事情应是不确定的事而不是表陈述，
37、排除表陈述的that，选用whether“是否”。55. (2013四川)_ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.A. When B. How C. What D. That【答案】C【解析】此句谓语动词为describes，之前的部分即为主语从句。从句中缺少谓语said的宾语，故选用代词what作said的宾语引导主语从句； that在名词性从句中不做成分，只表陈述的语气；而when和how为副词，只能做状语，不能作主干成分。56. (2013天津) I want to tell you is t
38、he deep love and respect I have for my parents.A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What【答案】D【解析】主句谓语为is，之前为主语从句，从句中缺少动词tell的直接宾语，指事物，故填what；而which意为“哪一个”，that、whether只起引导作用，均不做成分。57.(2013新课标卷I)Police have found appears to be the lost ancient statue.A. whichB. whereC. howD. what【答案】D【解析】动词found后所接为宾语从句，从句
39、中缺少主语指事物，故填上代词what。Which表示在确定范围里的选择；where和how只能作状语。 58.(2013浙江)The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.A. how B. that C. which D. whether【答案】B【解析】belief后所接的从句对其内容进行解释说明，故为同位语从句，that表示陈述一个事实，所以答案B正确。how如何；which哪一个；whet
40、her是否；均不符合语境。59. (2013重庆)_struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.A. That B. It C. What D. Which【答案】C【解析】主句谓语动词was之前为；主语从句中缺少主语指事物，故使用代词what；that表陈述，不做成分；which表示在确定范围内进行选择，译为“哪一个”。句意为这部电影让我最感动的地方就是父亲对儿子的深深的爱。60. (2013安徽)From space, the earth looks blue. This is _about seven
41、ty-one percent of its surface is covered by water.A. why B. how C. because D. whether【答案】C【解析】is后面为表语从句。前面是结果，后面是原因，所C正确。why，how和whether均不符合语境。61. (2014北京)The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning goal.A.where B.whenC.how D.why【答案】B【解析】根据题干前半部分中的moment一词推断，后面应该说的是“的时候”，所以本题选B
42、。62.(2014北京)Some people believe _has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.A.whatever B.wheneverC.wherever D.however【答案】A【解析】句意：一些人相信过去发生或现在正发生的事情，将来仍然会重复。宾语从句中缺少主语，并且指的是事件，所以选A。63.(2014大纲卷)Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. A. whether B. why C. when D. how 【答案】C【解析】句意：准确地说，土豆是什么时候被引进欧洲的还不确定，但可能是在1565年左右。此处when引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。64.(2014福建)Pick yourself up. Courage is doin