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1、第16讲 形容词和副词(练)时间 ：50分钟 满分：50分姓名_ 得数_.单句语法填空（每个1分，共25分）1. 2020·海南卷Grant told him about the woman and they rushed into the _(smoke) building.【答案】smoky【解析】考查形容词。格兰特告诉他那个女人（还在里面），他们冲进烟雾弥漫的大楼。此处形容词修饰名词，故填smoky。2.【河南省平顶山市2021届高三阶段测试】Doctors say 60 minutes of exercise is needed for teens to build up t
2、heir bone and muscle strength. Its also hugely _ (importance) for the health of the heart and lungs.【答案】important【解析】考查形容词。它（锻炼）对心脏和肺的健康也非常重要。根据句子结构，本空在be动词后面，应用形容词作表语，副词hugely修饰该词。故填important。3. 【吉林省吉林市2021届高三上学期第一次调研考试】Li Ziqi has made a name for herself in her videos that highlight a traditional
3、Chinese way of life in the rural areas of Sichuan Province. Her videos cover _ (vary) crafts related to traditional culture, from making paper and ink to weaving cloth, from making a silk comforter to building her own bread kiln (窑) with blocks.【答案】 various/varied【解析】考查形容词。她的视频涵盖了与传统文化有关的各种手工艺。句中cra
4、fts意为“手艺，工艺”，名词词性，前面应用形容词修饰，vary意为“变化，改变”，动词词性，对应的形容词为various或varied，意为“各种各样的”，句中指各种各样的手工艺。故填various/varied。4. 【宁夏银川一中2021届高三第三次月考】_(region) food habits do exist, but they also change over time.【答案】 Regional【解析】考查形容词。区域性饮食习惯确实存在，但它们也会随着时间而改变。修饰名词短语food habits应用形容词，region的形容词形式为regional。故填Regional。5.
5、 【吉林省长春市普通高中2021届高三质量检测】A 63-year-old Chinese grandpa's 41 (tradition) carpentry(木工)skills attract tens of millions of viewers online as he creates woodwork without glue, screws or nails.【答案】 traditional【解析】考查形容词。句意：中国63岁的爷爷的传统木工技艺在网上吸引数以百万计的观众，因为他创作的木工制品没有胶、螺丝和钉子。修饰名词carpentry skills，应该用形容词形式。短
6、语故填traditional。6. 【四川省南充高中2021届高三第二次月考】And outstanding or _ (gift) players will also have the chance to join inter-school teams for regional competitions and even national summer camps.【答案】gifted【解析】考查形容词。出色和有天赋的选手还有机会参加校际队的区域比赛，甚至是国家足球夏令营。所填词修饰名词players，可以用形容词，语意为有天赋的运动员，gifted是形容词，意为“有天赋的”,符合题意，故填
7、gifted。7. 【云贵川桂四省2021届高三上学期10月联合考试】Scientists say creating marine shelter, where fishing, mining, and recreating are off limits, makes the reefs _ (healthy), and so much stronger. 【答案】healthier【解析】考查形容词。科学家称创造海洋生物避难处，在那里渔业、开矿和再创造都是禁止的，来让珊瑚礁更健康更强壮。根据并列连词and和其后的stronger可知，此处也应该使用比较级形式。故填healthier。8. 【
8、河南省名校联盟九师联盟2021届高三10月质量检测】Everyone should have a_(wonder) aunt like Aunt Carmeleta. When I was a child, I lived with her for 2 years.【答案】wonderful【解析】考查形容词。每个人都应该有一个像Carmeleta这样的好阿姨。此处修饰名词aunt应用形容词wonderful，作定语。故填wonderful。9. 【2021·八省1月联考）】Don't go to a school_(specific) for a high school r
9、elationship or to make someone else happy.【答案】specifically【解析】考查副词。不要专门为了一段高中恋情或者让别人开心而去一所学校上学。修饰后文介词短语for a high school relationship，应用副词specifically，作状语。故填specifically。10. 2019·上海卷"Once you have driven for a while, you don't _（conscious） think ' Step on gas now' or Turn the s
10、teering wheel a bit'，' she explains. "You just do it.【答案】 consciously【解析】考查副词。 “一旦你开了一段时间车，你不会有意识地想到踩油门或稍微转动一下方向盘”，她解释道。根据常识，开车一段时间后，如何行驶成为一种下意识的活动，你不会有意识地想到踩油门或稍微转动一下方向盘。此处副词修饰动词。故填consciously。11. 【河南省平顶山市2021届高三10月阶段测试】_ (actual), exercise can be built into a normal days activities. F
11、or many people, walking or biking to school is one way to make that happen.【答案】Actually【解析】考查副词。实际上，锻炼可以成为日常活动的一部分。根据本空所处位置，应该使用副词，修饰整个句子。故填Actually。12. 【吉林省吉林市2021届高三上学期第一次调研考试】Li herself said that she was _ (finance) supported to continue schooling.【答案】 financially【解析】考查副词。李说，她有经济上的支持继续上学。句中was su
12、pported意为“被支持”，谓语动词，前应用副词修饰，finance意为“财政”，名词词性，对应的副词为financially，意为“经济上”，句中指“经济上的支持”。故填financially。13. 【宁夏银川一中2021届高三第三次月考】In many Western countries, a box of chocolate would be viewed as an appropriate gift. The receiver of the gift would react 44(different) to a gift of cabbages or carrots.【答案】dif
13、ferently【解析】考查副词。收到礼物的人会对白菜或胡萝卜有不同的反应。修饰动词react应用副词。故填differently。14. 【河南省2020-2021学年高三毕业班阶段性测试（二）】 By the fourth century BC military leaders were relying_（strong）on crossbowarmed forces.【答案】strongly【解析】考查副词。直到公元前4世纪，军队领导者非常依赖弩兵。空处填副词，修饰动词短语relying on。故填strongly。15. 【四川省南充高中2021届高三第二次月考】 It's re
14、quired that at least one football class should be offered each week in these schools so that they can encourage their students to _(active) participate in football training and matches.【答案】 actively【解析】考查副词。他们能鼓励他们的学生们积极参加足球训练和比赛。句中所填词修饰动词短语participate in，要用副词，要填active的副词形式，故填actively。16. 【山西省长治市202
15、1届高三期中考试联考】_(fortunate), it was not so. I didnt have friends. Hardly could I share my problems.【答案】Unfortunately【解析】考查副词。不幸的是，结果并不是那样。此处用来修饰后面的句子，应使用副词形式，根据下文I didnt have friends. Hardly could I share my problems.可知，此处表达的是不好的结果，故填Unfortunately。17. 【山西省太原市2020-2021学年高三上学期期中质量检测】China launched a campa
16、ign against food waste in 2013 and renewed the call early this year to create an_ ( increasing) prosperous society.【答案】 increasingly【解析】考查副词。中国在2013年发起了一场反对食物浪费的运动，并在今年早些时候再次呼吁创造一个日益繁荣的社会。修饰形容词prosperous，用副词。故填increasingly。18. 【四川绵阳南山中学2021届高三一诊热身考试】When SARS broke out in China in 2003, Dr. Chen and
17、 her team isolated the virus and identified the cause of the disease without delay. _(luck), the efforts devoted by them had prevented about 14,000 front-line medical workers from getting infected.【答案】 Luckily【解析】考查副词。幸运的是，他们所作的努力阻止了大约14000名前线医务工作者被感染。修饰整个句子用副词作状语，置句首单词首字母大写。故填Luckily。19. 【四川省攀枝花市20
18、21届高三第一次统考】Computer-generated poems might be correct in both grammar and style, _, some say they still lack creativity and true meaning, so these poems are not valuable to some degree.【答案】however【解析】考查副词。计算机生成的诗歌在语法和风格上都是正确的，但有人说它们仍然缺乏创造性和真正的意义，因此这些诗歌在某种程度上来说并没有价值。前后句子是转折关系，再根据空格前后都有逗号。故填however。20.
19、 【云南师范大学附属中学2021届高考适应性月考卷（三）】White Dew (Bailu) is the 15th solar term and indicates the real beginning of cool autumn. The temperature declines _(increasing) with the white dew on the grass and trees seen in the morning.【答案】increasingly【解析】考查副词。随着清晨草地和树木上出现白露，气温逐渐下降。修饰谓语动词declines应当用副词increasingly，作
20、状语。故填increasingly。21. 【安徽省“江淮十校”2021届高三第二次质量检测】Du Fu is described as a poet-historian, and his works record many _ (politics) and social events.【答案】political【解析】考查形容词。杜甫被描述为一个诗人历史学家，他的作品记录了许多政治和社会事件。由空后and可知，此空与social并列，修饰名词events，用形容词，故填political。22. 【河南省顶尖名校2021届高三联考】Science experiments can help y
21、ou to understand the reason behind anything and everything. As we grow up, we get to know many things which we would be _ (astonish) to see as kids.【答案】astonished【解析】考查形容词。随着我们的成长，我们会了解很多我们小时候看到会惊奇的事情。根据上文be可知应填形容词作表语，且修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词astonished，表示“感到惊奇的”。故填astonished。23. 【四川省宜宾市2021届普2021届高三“一诊”】Compa
22、red with previous surveys, new methods will be _ (convenience) for people not living where they are officially registered, and who do not want to be bothered by census takers door-to-door surveys.【答案】 convenient【解析】考查形容词。与以往的调查相比，新的方法将方便那些不住在他们正式登记的地方的人，也不想被人口普查人员挨家挨户的调查所困扰的人。be是系动词，后接形容词作表语，用形容词con
23、venient。故填convenient。24. 【云南省昆明市西南联盟2021届高三第一次月考】In other cases, people sell new products like handmade jewelry and other crafts, and in some areas_ (agriculture )products are sold as well.【答案】agricultural【解析】考查形容词。而在某些地区，农产品也会被售出。空白处需要形容词作定语修饰products，要用agricultural表示“农业的”。故填agricultural。25. 【黑龙江省大
24、庆市铁人中学2021届高三】German air-taxi startup Volocopter will build its first_(fly)taxi station by the end of this year in Singapore,paving the way for major changes in how humans will commute in the future.【答案】flying【解析】考查形容词。在今年底，德国空中出租车公司Volocopter将在新加坡建立它的第一个飞行出租车站，为将来人类通勤方式的重大变化铺平道路。空后taxi station是名词词组
25、，所以此处应填一个形容词，flying意为“飞行的”，故填flying。.单项选择（每个1分，共15分）1. （2020·江苏卷单项填空）The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _ change in our life and work.A. absurdB. abruptC. allergicD. authentic【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。A. absurd荒谬的；B. abrupt突然的；C. allergic过敏的；D. authentic真实的。根据常识可知，新
26、冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。故选B。2.（2020·天津卷单项填空）According to Professor Johnson, we dont have to read the book if we dont want to, as it is _.AworthwhileBnecessaryCoptionalDserious【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法，如果我们不想读这本书，就不必读，因为它是可选择的。A. worthwhile值得的；B. necessary必要的；C. optional 可选择的，选修的；D. seri
27、ous严肃的，认真的。根据“we dont have to read the book if we dont want to”可知，这本书读不读都可以，由此可知，它是“可选择的”。故选C。3.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】26.Nowadays the _ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.A. priorityB. potentialC. proportionD. pension【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。A. priority
28、优先；优先权；B. potential潜在的，可能的；C. proportion比例，占比；D. pension退休金，抚恤金。故选A。4.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people _ options to exercise.A. casualB. regularC. flexibleD. tight【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：不像传统的体育锻炼，有app软件的体育锻炼提供了灵活的锻炼选项。A. casual偶然的，随便的；B. regular定期的，有规律的；
29、C. flexible灵活的；D. tight紧的，密封的。故选C。5.【2018·江苏】34. Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.A. keen B. reluctantC. anxious D. ready【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：尽管旅馆服务不好，经理还不愿投入为员工提供足够的培训。A. keen敏锐的；B. reluctant不情愿的；C. anxious渴望的；D. ready
30、准备好的。故选B。6（2021·天津南开中学高三二模）John was dismissed last week because of his_ attitude towards his job.AcompetitiveBcasualCclassicalDcomprehensive【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：约翰上周因为对工作的随意态度而被解雇。A.competitive竞争的；B. casual休闲的,随意的；C. classical经典的；传统的；D.comprehensive详尽的；全面的。分析可知，工作态度随意是导致约翰被解雇的原因。选择casual“随意的”修
31、饰attitude合乎语境。故选B。7（2021·天津耀华中学高三二模）Parents always get a little _ when their kids are taking some important exams.AeagerBanxiousCconfusedDimpatient【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们的孩子参加一些重要的考试时，父母总是有点焦虑。A. eager热切的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. confused困惑的；D. impatient不耐烦的。根据“when their kids are taking some importa
32、nt exams.”可知，父母对孩子参加重要的考试感到焦虑。故选B。8（2021·天津耀华中学高三一模）People have made some adaptations of this novel to make it more _ to young readers.AavailableBapproachableCaccessibleDadjustable【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意 ：人们对这部小说进行了部分改编，使它更容易为年轻人所接受。A. available可利用的，可获得的；B. approachable可接近的，易交谈的；C. accessible可接近的
33、，可理解的；D. adjustable可调节的，可校正的。根据句意和空后的介词to可知，应使用be accessible to sb. 这一固定搭配，意为“为可接近的，为可理解的”，其中，形容词accessible作宾语it的补足语。故选C项。9（2021·天津耀华中学高三一模）China _ holds that economic development should go hand in hand with environmental protection.AconsciouslyBconsistentlyCcontinuallyDconventionally【答案】B【解析】考
34、查副词词义辨析。句意：中国一贯认为经济发展和环境保护应该携手并进。A. consciously有意识地；B. consistently 一致地，一贯地；C. continually不断地；D. conventionally照惯例。根据“economic development should go hand in hand with environmental protection.”可知，经济发展和环境保护应该携手并进，这是中国一贯这样认为的。故选B。10（2021·天津高三三模）Credit cards are_ useful when traveling.True. They s
35、ave us the trouble of taking too much cash.AparticularlyBpartlyCexactlyDgradually【答案】A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：旅行时信用卡特别有用。是的。它们省去了我们带太多现金的麻烦。A. particularly特别，尤其；B. partly部分地；C. exactly精确地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据句意和句中“when traveling”可知，句中指旅行时信用卡“特别”有用，因为它们省去了我们带太多现金的麻烦，故空格处应用particularly，意为“特别，尤其”，副词词性，在句中作状语。故选A
36、项。11（2021·天津高三三模）If we view the problem from a different angle, the solution may become more _.AoccasionalBoriginalCoutgoingDobvious【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我们从不同的角度来看这个问题，解决办法可能会更明显。A.occasional偶然的；B.original原来的；C.outgoing外向的；D.obvious明显的。根据“If we view the problem from a different angle”可知，此处是指
37、解决办法可能会更明显，更容易找到。故选D。12（2021·天津高三三模）My flight will land in Tianjin Binhai Airport at 6:00p.m. tomorrow. Could you pick me up?Sure. I shall_ be at the airport to meet you.AdefinitelyBunlikelyCcloselyDespecially【答案】A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的航班明天下午6点在天津滨海机场降落。你能来接我吗？当然。我一定到机场去接你。A. definitely确定地；B. unlik
38、ely不可能地；C. closely紧密地；D. especially特别地。根据“Sure”可知，此处是指一定到机场去接。用副词definitely作状语。故选A。13（2021·天津高三二模）The fact that he didnt speak a foreign language put him at a(an) _ disadvantage.AremoteBdistinctCidenticalDgreedy【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不会说外语这一事实使他处于明显的不利地位。A. remote遥远的；B. distinct明显的；C. identical
39、同一的；D. greedy贪婪的。根据上文“he didnt speak a foreign language put him at a(an)”可知，不会说外语这一事实使他处于明显的不利地位，distinct符合语境。故选B。14（2021·天津高三二模）Studies show that people are more _ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.AlikelyBpossibleCprobableDsure【答案】A【解析】考查形容
40、词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，如果人们总是长时间坐在电脑屏幕前，他们更有可能遭受背部问题。A. likely可能的，多指从外表迹象进行的判断，有可能会发生某事情，常用短语be likely to do sth.；B. possible可能的，指客观上存在或发生的可能性，但是这种可能性往往含有希望很小的意思；C. probable可能的，指有实际依据或者是逻辑上的合情合理的意思；D. sure确信的。根据后文“to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours”可知此处指从外表
41、迹象进行的判断，有可能会发生某事情，短语be likely to do sth.符合语境。故选A。15（2021·天津高三二模）For little children at the early age, these big questions may seem_ difficult.AratherBhardlyCnearlyDseldom【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：对于年幼的孩子来说，这些大问题似乎相当困难。A. rather相当；B. hardly几乎不；C. nearly几乎；D. seldom很少。根据句意可知，此处修饰形容词difficult，意为“相当”。故选A项
42、。III高考试题（每个1分，共10分）1.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）Landing on the moons far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.【答案】extremely【解析】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。2.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their ho
43、mes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.【答案】Certainly【解析】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。3.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.【答案】beautif
44、ul【解析】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。4.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.【答案】finest【解析】考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是
45、他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。5.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）As the small boat moved, 68 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.【答案】gently【解析】考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved
46、应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。6.（2020·山东卷语法填空）In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.【答案】wealthy【解析】考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。7.【2019·新课标I卷】It is difficult to figur
47、e out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _62_ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.【答案】poorly【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。8.【2019·新课标II卷】Her years of hard work have _63_(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.【答案】finally【解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。9. 【2019·全国I】Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregatin