《初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备).pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备).pdf（27页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)初中英语重点知识总结（短语及语法结构）初中英语重点知识总结（短语及语法结构）知识点归纳（一）知识点归纳（一）1、see，hear，notice，find，feel，listen to，look at(感官动词)+do eg:I likewatching monkeys jump.2、(比较级 and 比较级)表示越来越3、a piece of cake=easy 小菜一碟(容易)补：a place of interest 名胜4、agree with sb.赞成某人5、all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一种/样6、all over the
2、 world=the whole world 整个 世界7、along with 同一道，伴随 eg:I will go along with you 我将和你一起去 The students planted trees along with their teachers.学生同老师们一起种树。8、As soon as 一就9、as you can see 你是知道的10、ask for 求助 向要(直接接想要的东西)eg:ask you for my book11、ask sb.for sth.向某人什么12、ask sb.to do sth.询问某人某事 ask sb.not to do
3、sth.叫某人不要做某事13、at the age of 在岁时 eg：I am sixteen.I am at the age of sixteen.14、at the beginning of 的起初;的开始15、at the end of+地点/+时间 最后;尽头;末尾 eg:At the end of the day16、at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 补：at least 至少17、be/feel confident of sth./that clause+从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信 eg:I am/feel confident of my spoke
4、n English I feel that I can pass the test1初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)18、be+doing 表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时19、be able to(+v.原)=can(+v.原)能够eg:She is able to sing.She cansing.补：base on 以(为)根据20、be able to do sth.能够干什么 eg:She is able to sing.21、be afraid to do(of sth.恐惧，害怕eg:Im afraed to go out at night.Imafraid of dog.22、
5、be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg:Im allowed to watch TV.我被允许看电视。I should be allowed to watch TV.我应该被允许看电视。23、be angry with sb.生某人的气 eg:Dont be angry with me.24、be angry with(at)sb.for doing sth.为什么而生某人的气25、be as 原级 as 和什么一样 eg:She is as tall as me.她和我一样高。26、be ashamed to27、be away from 远离28、be away from 从
6、离开29、be bad for 对什么有害 eg:Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes.在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好。30、be born 出生于31、be busy doing sth.忙于做什么事 be busy with sth.忙于32、be careful 当心;小心 be close to 离很近33、be different from 和不一样34、be famous for 以著名35、be friendly to sb 对某人友好36、be from=come from来自 eg：He is from Bejing.He c
7、omes from Bejing.Ishe from Bejing?Does he come from Bejing?2初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)37、be full of 装满的 be filled with 充满 eg:the glass is full of water theglass is filled with water38、be glad+to do/从句 做某事很高兴39、be going to+v.(原)打算，计划，准备40、be good at(+doing)=do well in 在某方面善长,善于41、be good for 对什么有好处 eg:Reading
8、 aloud is good for your English.42、be happy to do 很高兴做某事43、be helpful to sb.对某人有好处 eg:Reading aloud is helpful to you.大声朗读对你有好处。Exercising is helpful to your bady.锻炼对你的身体有好处。44、be in good health 身体健康45、be in trouble 处于困难中 eg:She is in trouble They are in tronble46、be interested in 对某方面感兴趣47、be late
9、for=come late to 迟到 eg:Be late for class 上课迟到48、be like 像 eg:Im like my mother.49、be mad at 生某人的气50、be made from 由制成(制成以后看不见原材料)补：be made in 在生产或制造51、be made of 由制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52、be not sure 表不确定53、be on a visit to 参观54、be popular with sb.受某人欢迎 补：be please with 对感到满意55、be quiet 安静56、be short for 表的
10、缩写 eg:陶 is short for 陶俊杰57、be sick in bed 生病在床3初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)58、be sorry to do sth.be sorry for sb.eg:I am sorry for you.59、be sorry to hear that60、be sorry to trouble sb.eg:I am sorry to trouble you.61、be strict in doing sth.严于做某事 eg:Hes strict in obeying noles62、be strict with sb.对某人要求严格 eg:Som
11、e students are not strict withthem selves.这些学生对自己不严格。63、be strict with sb in sth.某方面对某人严格64、be supposed to do 被要求干什么65、be sure 表确定66、be sure of doing sth.对做某事有信心 eg:He is sure of winning I am sureof learning English well67、be sure of sth.对做某事有信心 eg:Im sure of my head(my teacher).我相信我的大脑(老师)。68、be su
12、re that sth.对做某事有信心 eg:Im suer that he can pass the test.我相信他能通过考试。69、be sure to do sth.一定会做某事 eg:We are sure to pass the test.我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well.我们一定能学好英语。70、be terrified of+名/动 doing 害怕71、be terrified to do sth.害怕做某事72、be the same as 和什么一样73、be used to doing sth.习惯做某事 eg
13、:My father is used to getting up early.我爸爸习惯早起。He is used to sleeping inclass.他习惯上课睡觉.He is used to working hard.He is used to hard work.他习惯努力工作74、be worth doing 值得做什么4初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)75、be(feel)afraid to do sth.害怕做某事be afraid of sth.害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句76、because+句子 because of+短语eg:He was late b
14、ecause he had a headache.He was late because of his headache.77、begin to do=start to do 开始做某事start with =begin with 以开始eg:Lets begin the game with the song.I begin to go home.78、between and 两者之间79、borrow sth.from sb.向借lend sth.to sb.lend sb.sth.借给什么东西eg:I borrowed a pen from him.He lent a pen to me(
15、he lent me a pen).80、both=the same(as)=not different(from)表相同81、bother 打扰 bother sb.to do sth.补：both and 和都eg:Im sorry to bother you,but can you tell me to way to the station我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站The problem has been bothering me for weeks.这个问题困扰了我几个周了。Hes bothering me to lend him money.82、by the end
16、 of 到为止83、call sb.sth.eg:We call him old wang.84、care 关心eg:Dont you care about this countrys future?你为什么不关心国家的未来。85、catch up with sb.赶上某人86、chat with sb.和某人闲谈 take sb.to+地点 带某人去某地87、come in 进来88、come over to 过来89、come up with 提出 eg:Can you come up with a good idea?你能想出一个好办法吗?5初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)90、com
17、municate with sb.和某人交流91、consider+doing 考虑做eg:Why not consider going to lu zhou?为什么不考虑去泸州?92、dance to 随着跳舞 eg:She likes dancing to the music.她喜欢随着音乐跳舞。93、decide to do sth.决定做某事94、do a survey of 做某方面的调查95、do better in 在方面做得更好 补：do well in 在方面干的好96、do wrong 做错 补：droup off 放下(某物)97、Dont forget to do st
18、h.不要忘了做某事。98、Dont mind+doing/从句/名词.不要介意。99、each+名(单)每一个eg:Each student has many books.每一个学生都有一些书。100、end up+doing知识点归纳（二）6初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)1 1、冠词、冠词a/an 的用法a 用于辅音音素前a useful book,a university,a“u”,Once a weekHave a swim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/rest have a cold/headache/fever/coughhave a good time
19、 have a try in a hurryafter a while keep a diary go for a walk in a minutein a word in a short whilean 则用于元音音素前an hour,an honest boy,an“A E F H I L M N O R S X”keep an eye on2 2、定冠词、定冠词 thethe 的用法的用法：1）特指双方都明白的人或物：Give me the book.2）上文提到过的人或事：-Do you know the lady in blue?Yes,she is a teacher of a u
20、niversity.3）指世上独一物二的事物the sun(sky/moon/earth/world/nature/universe)4）单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：the dollar 美元;The lion is a wild animal.或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich/poor/blind/aged/living/impossible5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词 only，very,same 等前面：I live on the second floor.6）用在表示身体部位的名词前：She caught me by the arm.7）用在表示乐器和表方
21、位的名词之前：She plays the piano violin guitar in the north of China8）用在普通名词构成专有名词前：the Peoples Republic of China the United States the Great Wall the SummerPalace7初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)9)用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：the Greens are playing the piano.10)in the day,in the morning(afternoon，evening),in the middle(of),in the
22、 end,all the time at the same timeon the whole,by the way,go to the cinema at he age of six at the beginning of the twenty-first century on the other side ofat the moment the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday,the nextmorning,in the sky(water，field，country)in the dark,in the rain,3 3、不用定冠词的
23、情况、不用定冠词的情况1)国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：China,Europe 欧洲 Lei Feng 雷锋2）物质名词和抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词；当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词 Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。3）在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；Childrens Day Mothers Day Fathers Day4）在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词；He is captain of the team.5）在三餐、四季，球类运动、学科、娱乐运动的名称前，不加冠词 如：have bre
24、akfast/supper/lunchplay basketball/football/volleyball/chessin spring/summer/autumn/winter6）当 by 与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，中间无冠词；by bus/train/taxi/bus/ship7）Day and night face to face side by sidestep by step watch TV at school/work/homeat first/last in danger in trouble on foot on dutyon watch in bed on t
25、ime in time go to schoolgo to work by taxi/bike at noon at night on TV at town 4 4、部分词组有无冠词的区别、部分词组有无冠词的区别in hospital 生病住院 in the hospital 在医院里8初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)in front of 在-的前面 in the front of 在-内部的前面 go to school 上学go to the school 到学校去 a number of=a lot of 许多，谓语动词用复数。The number of-的数目，-的总数，谓语动词用
26、单数（第三人称单数）名词：专有名词和普通名词（个体名词、集体名词、物质名词、抽象名词）5、可数名词的单数变复数一般情况加 s以 s,x sh ch,等结尾的词加-esbus-buses watch-watches以 o 结尾的名词，无生命的加 s，如：photo-photos piano-pianos有生命的 es，如：potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes均可，如：zero-zeros/zeroes以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词，去 f,fe 加 ves，如：half-halves knife-knives leaf-leaveswolf-wolves wife-wiv
27、es life-lives thief-thieves（加 s，如：belief-beliefs roof-roofs safe-safes gulf-gulfs；）以辅音字母+y 结尾的词，变 y 为 i，再加 es baby-babies不规则：a.单复数形式一样。Sheep,deer,Chinese,Japanese.People,police,scissors,trousers b.其他的。footfeet tooth-teeth Child-childrenmouse-mice man-men woman-women businessman-businessmen German-Ge
28、rmans women doctors集体名词:People,police,(一般表示一个整体，谓用复数)class,family,glasses6、不可数名词：常见的不可数名词有：information,news,room（空间），work,work,weather,advice,bread,food,milk,tea,ice，glasses,meat9初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)A little,a bit of,some,much,a lot of,quite a lot of 常修饰不可数名词.不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。如果用 and 连接两个不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词
29、用复数。Time and money are-A cupglassbottleboxkilogroupcrowdclasspair ofTwo and a half kilos of=two kilos and a half of7、名词所有格名词所有格在英语中有些名词可以加s来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teachers book。名词所有格的规则如下：1）单数名词词尾加s，复数名词词尾没有 s，也要加 s，如 the boys bag，mens room Childrens Day Mothers Day Fathers Day2)若名词已有复数词尾-s，
30、只加，如：Teachers Day ladies room twenty minutes walk3）凡不能加s的名词，都可以用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系，如：The title of the song 歌的名字;A picture of family;a map of China4）在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：the barbers 理发店。5）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有s，则表示分别有；只有一个s，则表示共有。Johns and Marys room（两间）John and Marys room（一间）6）复合名词或短语，s
31、 加在最后一个词的词尾。如：a month or twos absence 7）双重所有格 a friend of mine/hers/his/theirs a friend of Marys mothers8 8、代词、代词）、人称代词、物主代词和反身代词Imemyminemyself you youyouryourself(yourselves)hehimhishishimself sheherherhersherself itititsitsitself weusouroursourselvestheythemtheirtheirsthemselves1 0初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必
32、备)人称顺序 you,he,she,I,we,you,they主格作主语；宾格作宾语，动词和介词之后通常作宾格；形容词性物主代词不能单独使用，通常放在名词之前；名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词，“of名词性物主代词”表示所属关系。A friend of mine 我的一位朋友;teacher of hers 她的老师9 9、代词、代词 it it 的用法：的用法：指代前面提到过的事物。表天气。表距离。指婴儿和不明身份的人。-John,someone in your class phoned you this morning.-Oh,who was it?用作形式主语。Its kind/goo
33、d/nice/clever/polite of sb.to do sth.Its important/necessary/possible/easy for sb to do sth,Its time to get up.Its time for lunch.Its ones turn to doIt seems thatIt takes sb.some time to do sth.用作形式宾语。Find/think/feel+it+adj+to do sth It one 的区别It 特指上文提到的同一对象，同一事物。one 同类而不同一。that 常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以
34、避免重复。1010、反身代词反身代词构成规则：一、二物主，三为宾。运用：hurt/teach/wash/buy/enjoy oneselfby/Help oneself(one selves)to.Look after oneself/Say to oneself/Come to oneself1111、不定代词、不定代词little,a little,few,a few=several(some),some,any much,too much,much too,more then=over,less than=nearly1 1初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)little，几乎没有，表示否
35、定意思，用以修饰不可数名词。A little 一点点，表示肯定，用以修饰不可数名词。Only a little 仅一点点.也可修饰形容词和副词。一点点，放在动词、动词宾语后。few 几乎没有，表示否定意思，用以修饰可数名词。a few=several 几个，一些，表示肯定意思，用以修饰可数名词。some 一些，修饰可数名词，后跟复数形式名词或 ones,也可修饰不可数名词。在表示请求、委婉语气的疑问句和表示希望得到对方的肯定回答的问句中，常用some.Could you give me some apples?any 一些，任何一些。一般用于疑问句中或否定句中和 IF 引导的条件句中。much
36、 许多。修饰不可数名词，放在不可数名词前，可用 a lot of 替换。too much 太多的，用法相当于 much，放在不可数名词前。Heath is very important to us.We should eat more vegetables and fruit instead of too much rich food.much too 太，用法相当于 too,放在形容词和副词前。Keep quiet!Its much too noisy here.more than 超过，多于。=overmore or less 或多或少，差不多。=about at least 至少1 2初
37、中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)a lot 许多，修饰动词。Thanks a lot.a lot of=lots of 许多的，可修饰可数名词和不可数名词。a number of 许多的,=many 只用于修饰复数形式名词，放在可数名词复数前。every 用于三个或三个以上，着眼于整体。后可跟数词。词组有every ten minuets each 用于两个或两个以上，着眼于个体。词组有 each of either 两个中任何一个 either-or both 两个都both-and-both of-neither 两个中一个也没有e.g.-Do you like talking with
38、your friends on the telephone or mobile phone?-Neither,I enjoy using QQ.neither-nor-any 三个以上中任何一个 all 三个以上中全部none 三个以上中一个也没有。None of-中没有一个，表示三个或以上数目的人或物中没有一个，表否定，作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。others 表示“泛指”除自己外，别的人。Some.,others.the other 表示两个中的另一个。One.,the other.the others 表示特指的另一些。another 后跟单数名词。表示泛指另一个人。后跟带数词的复数名
39、词，表示“再，还要”的意思。other 别的，另外的，一般后跟复数名词或 ones,在 other 前可加 some,many 或数词，表示“几个，一些别的”Such a tall building such an exciting football match so many peopleeach other 相互，彼此，指两个或两个物时 one another 相互，彼此，指三者或三者以上的彼此。one anothers 相互的，彼此的。1212、数词、数词表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词，数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词；表示顺序的数词叫序数词。一、基数词和序数词1 3
40、初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)1）、基数词写法和读法：百位与十位，用 and,十位与个位，写时用“”先确定分节号，从右至左，每隔三位数是一个分节号第一个分节号是千位 thousand 第二个分节号是千位 million 第三个分号节是十亿位 billion.1,234,567,892 one billion two hundred and thirty-four million five hundredand sixty-seven thousand eight hundred and ninety-two2）、分数表示法 构成：分子基，分母序，分子大于 1 时，分母在序数词后加 S：1/
41、2 a half 1/3 one-third；2/3 two thirds3/4 three quarters=three fourths 2-3/4 two and three fourths3）、表示年代，用 in+the+数词复数；in the 1980s（20 世纪 80 年代）4）、表某人几岁时:in+物主代词+数词的复数形式 in ones twenties5）、He lives in Rom 88.One plus two is three.Three times five is fifteen.6）、hundred,thousand,million 等词前有具体的数字时，不能加
42、 S如 three hundreds 这种说法是错误的7）、hundreds of thousands of millions of8）、a 21-year-old girlthree days and a half=three and a half days one and a half hours=one hour and a halfwell have two weeks holiday(two-week holiday)9）、基数词变序数词的口诀一、二、三特别记，th 从四以上记;怎么加很容易，八减 t，九减 e;f 来把 ve 替，见y 变 ie;若是遇到几十几，变换个位就可以。On
43、e-first two-second three-third five-fifth eight-eighthnine-ninth twelve twelfth thirteen-thirteenthfifteen-fifteenth eighteen-eighteenthtwenty-twentieth twenty-one-twenty-first thirty-thirtieth forty-fortieth1 4初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)fifty fiftieth sixty-sixtieth seventy-seventietheighty-eightieth ninety-
44、ninetieth10）、序数词的缩写形式：first-1st second-2nd thirty-first-31st1313、形容和副词形容和副词修饰 something,anything,everything,anybody 等不定代词的形容词，形容词要放在不定代词之后。I have Something important to tell you.enough 修饰形容词、副词时，enough 要放在形容词和副词之后。Far enoughinteresting,exciting,boring,amazing,surprising,moving 主语为物。Interested,excite
45、d,amazed,surprised,frightened,tired,pleased 主语为人。Much,far,a lot,a little,even 等后要用形容词或副词的比较级。I fell even worse now.连系动词 be,感官动词(look,smell,taste,sound,feel)三个变(get,become,turn,)keep 后跟形容词.既可作形容词又可作副词的词有：hard 作形容词=difficult,作副词，放在 work,rain 等后,表努力地做。well 作形容词身体好;作副词，做得好。long 作形容词，表事物的长度，作副词，放在 last,t
46、alk 等后,表动作持续。Fast 作作形容，放在系动词后，作副词放在 rain,make sth.等词后，表“做得快”。High 作形容词“山，海浪的高。作副词,放在 fly,jump 等后表飞得高，跳得高。形容词变为副词形容词变为副词：+ly useful,wide,strong改 y 为 i,再加 ly healthy,heavy,happy,lucky,noisy,good well terrible-terribly probable-probably 多数以 ly 结尾的词是副词。但 friendly,lonely,lovely,likely,daily,lively 是形容词。C
47、hina is larger than any other county in Asia.（同一范围内）China is larger than any county in Afirca.（不同范围内）how many 对可数名词数量的提问。How many people are there in your family?1 5初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)How much 对不可数名词数量的提问和提问价格。How long 多久，多长时间。回答常用：for+段时间 since+点时间。How soon 多快，多久以后。回答常用：in+段时间How often 多长时间一次，提问频率。回答
48、常用：once(twice)a week,three times a day,oftenHow far 多远，对距离提问。回答常用：fifteen minutes walk,10 meters away形容词和副词的比较级和最高级：原级:as+原级+as not as/so+原级+as=反义词+thanEnglish is as interesting as Chinese.Mr.Zhang isnt as old as Mr.Li.=Mr.Zhang is younger than Mr.Li.比较级的标志词than,Lilys bag is bigger than hers.much,fa
49、r,a little,even,next timewhich/who-A,B?Which is more beautiful,Tom,Jim?the+比较级-,the+比较级-The more we get together,the happier well be.比较级+and+比较级（多音节词和部分双音节词用 more and more+原级）越来越harder and harder,our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful.最高级标志词：the+最高级+of /in Shanghai is the biggest city in C
50、hina.One of the+最高级+名词复数Zhou Jiekun is one of the most popular singers.Which/who-+最高级,A,B or C?Who city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Kunming?序数词+最高级，表“第几最-”Chang jiang is the first longest river in China.the second largest population1 6初中英语重点知识点总结(中考必备)形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成规则（略）不规则:good/well