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1、Session 5 Paraphrasing1.What is“paraphrasing”?Paraphrasing is a way of reproducing a short section of text,such asphrases and sentences.It involves restating,interpreting or clarifyinganother persons idea in ones own words.2.When do we use paraphrasing?Paraphrasing is used when you express another p
2、ersons ideas in yourown words;when you avoid copying another persons words;when youshow how you understand the original text;and when you use it as analternative for quotation.3.How do we paraphrase?readunderstandparaphrasecheck3.1 Use“semantic”paraphrasingFood can be produced much more cheaply toda
3、y because of improved fertilizers and better machinery.Thentheparaphrasedversionis“Food can be manufactured much more economically today becauseof advanced fertilizers and machinery.”3.2 Use“syntactic”paraphrasingChange the structure of the original sentence by changing the order,breaking into short
4、er sentences,combine simple sentences into compoundones.(1)Change the orderOriginal:Food can be produced much more cheaply today.Paraphrase:Nowadays,peoplecan manufacturefood much more economically.(2)Breaking into shorter sentencesOriginal:Obviously then，an insect that lives on wheat/can build up i
5、tspopulation to much higher levels on a farm/devoted to wheat/than onone in which wheat is intermingled with other crops.Paraphrase:On a plot，only wheat is grown，and on another plot wheatand other crops are mixed together.The number of an insect living on theformer will become bigger than that livin
6、g on the latter.(3)Combine simple sentences into compound onesOriginal:The cause of autism has also been a matter of dispute.Itsincidence is about one in a thousand.And it occurs throughout the world.Paraphrase:It has been controversial in the causes of autism,whichoccurs in one out of every thousand children across the worldReferences:闫莉,孙洪丽,程文华.新核心研究生英语-英语研究论文写作M.上海:上海交通大学出版社,2017:32.郑新民.文献转述(paraphrasing)如何做到不涉嫌抄袭.“郑新民谈英语教学与研究”微信公众号.