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1、高考英语语法总复习：动词不定式的时态与语态不定式表示动作，因此有进行、完成等形式，也有主动与被动形式。如下图所示（以动词do为例）：（一）不定式一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作通常时间性不强，与谓语动词表示的动作没有时间先后顺序。例句1：I'm pleased to see you here.很高兴在这里见到你。例句2：I am expecting to hear from you.我期盼着你的来信。例句3：I would like you to stay over the weekend with me.我想让你和我一起过周末。（二）不定式的完成式不定式的
2、完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，强调动作的先后顺序。例句1：I happened to have been there once.我碰巧到过那里一次。例句2：You are supposed to have heard of it.你应该已听说此事。例句3：What a mistake it is to have come here !来这里是个多大的错误呀！例句4：It would have been amusing to have joined them.参加了他们的活动会很有意思的。（三）不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示的动作与谓语动
3、词表示的动作同时进行。例句1：She happened to be travelling in that area.他恰好在那个地区旅游。例句2：It's strange to be sleeping in this house again.真奇怪又要在这个屋子里睡觉了。例句3：I really hope to be working with you.我的确希望和你们在一起工作。例句4：She was happy to be earning her own.她很高兴能自食其力。例句5：I was pleased to be t
4、alking with them.我很高兴和他们在一起谈话。例句6：Thousands were reported to be working in concentration camps.据报道那时有数以千计的人在集中营干活。有时不定式也可用于完成进行时：例句：She is said to have been doing this work for twenty years.据说她干这工作已经二十年了。（四）不定式的被动形式当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，一般要用被动形式。不定式的被动形式只有一般式和完成式。例句1：The radio needs to
5、be repaired.收音机需要修理。例句2：The room seems to have been broken into.似乎有人进过这屋子。例句3：It's an honour to be awarded a scholarship.被授予奖学金是一种荣耀。例句4：She asks to be treated equally.她要求被平等对待。例句5：The telephone is considered to have been invented by Bell.人们认为电话是贝尔发明的。例句6：These are the major
6、problems to be discussed at the meeting.这些是会议上要讨论的主要问题。例句7：She went to the hospital to be inoculated.她到医院去打预防针。（五）主动不定式表示被动意义不定式以主动形式表达被动意义的情况常见于以下几种：1）不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系例句1：She is the right person to rely on.她正是值得信赖的人。例句2：I have a large family to provide for.我要养活一个大家庭。例句3：We've l
7、ots of difficulties to overcome for the time being.目前我们还有很多困难有待克服。2）在“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构中常见的此类形容词有easy，hard，difficult，interesting，heavy，pleasant，comfortable，safe，dangerous，impossible等。例句1：Frances is hard to get on with.和弗兰西斯相处真难。例句2：The house is comfortable to live in.这房子住起来很舒适。3）不定式与疑问代
8、词连用例句1：I don't know which to choose.我不知道该选哪个。例句2：I'm wondering who to turn to for help.我在想该找谁帮忙。4）某些动词的不定式与be连用这类动词常用的有to blame（责备），to seek（寻找），to let（出租）等。例句：I felt I was to blame for this bicycle accident.我觉得这次自行车事故责任在我。5）当动词不定式的逻辑主语并非是句子的主语时此时主动和被动结构都可用，而且在语义上没有多大区别。例句1：Esther is the very man to choose / to be chosen for the work.艾斯特是这项工作的最佳人选。例句2：Give me a list of the people to invite / to be invited.给我一个被邀请人的名单。