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1、语法填空优质第1页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二Teaching ObjectsTeaching ObjectsuTo analyze:Common mistakes Possible reasons Possible solutions第2页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二 101414四年语法填空题的语篇材料均为四年语法填空题的语篇材料均为故事类故事类题材，题材，文字浅易，篇幅不长（文字浅易，篇幅不长（200200词左右词左右)，材料中没有生僻和，材料中没有生僻和超纲的词汇，句子结构也不很复杂。超纲的词汇，句子结构也不很复杂。语法填空题的内容不仅涉及语法填空题的内容不仅涉及语法结
2、构语法结构，还包括，还包括构词法构词法、篇章连贯篇章连贯和和意义对句子结构的制意义对句子结构的制约约作用。作用。试题特点试题特点 试题解读试题解读试题解读试题解读语境语境+语法语法第3页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二题型再认识题型再认识题型再认识题型再认识英语考试大纲说明样题英语考试大纲说明样题英语考试大纲说明样题英语考试大纲说明样题 Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese peoples daily life.31 Behind these proverbs there are often
3、interesting stories.For example,the proverb,“plucking up a crop 32 to help(help)it grow”,is based on the following story.It is said that a shorttempered man in the Song Dynasty(9601279)was very anxious to help 33 his rice crop grow up quickly.He was thinking about 34 it day and night.But the crop wa
4、s growing much slower than he expected.One day,he came up with an idea 35 that he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.He did so the next day.He was very tired 36 after doing this for a whole day,37 but he felt very happy since the crop did“grow”38 higher(high).His son heard about this and we
5、nt to see the crop.Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 39 natural(nature)course.Being too anxious to help an event develop often 40 results(result)in the contrary to our intention.意义制约意义制约-意义关系意义关系扩展成份；意义制约扩展成份；意义制约篇章制约篇章制约-指代
6、关系指代关系篇章制约篇章制约-指代关系指代关系句子结构句子结构-分句层次分句层次意义制约：语境意意义制约：语境意义义意义制约：分句逻辑意义制约：分句逻辑意义关系意义关系语境意义语境意义-构词知识构词知识句子结构句子结构-词类转换词类转换句子结构句子结构-谓语动词谓语动词 试题要求：试题要求：阅读下面短文阅读下面短文,按照按照句子结构的句子结构的语法性语法性和和上下文连贯上下文连贯的要求的要求,在在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的语的正确形式正确形式填空。填空。第4页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二语法填空语法填空 目目 的的:篇章意义的理解篇章意
7、义的理解,尤其是在上下文意义关尤其是在上下文意义关 系中应用语法知识的能力。系中应用语法知识的能力。呈现方式呈现方式:200200字以内的连贯篇章字以内的连贯篇章(故事为主故事为主)，填入，填入 虚词或用所给实词的适当形式填空。虚词或用所给实词的适当形式填空。好好 处处:克服了为考语法而考语法的弱点克服了为考语法而考语法的弱点,将语法将语法 知识的考察和篇章阅读能力的考察成功知识的考察和篇章阅读能力的考察成功 地结合起来。地结合起来。第5页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二uu考查学生是否能理清考查学生是否能理清考查学生是否能理清考查学生是否能理清句子结构的语法性和句子意义的逻辑句子结构的语
8、法性和句子意义的逻辑句子结构的语法性和句子意义的逻辑句子结构的语法性和句子意义的逻辑性性性性。需分析。需分析。需分析。需分析:uu句子的句子的句子的句子的构成成分构成成分构成成分构成成分（包括句子的基本成分和扩展成分）；（包括句子的基本成分和扩展成分）；（包括句子的基本成分和扩展成分）；（包括句子的基本成分和扩展成分）；uu句子成分之间的句子成分之间的句子成分之间的句子成分之间的一致性一致性一致性一致性，比如，主谓一致、时态一致等；，比如，主谓一致、时态一致等；，比如，主谓一致、时态一致等；，比如，主谓一致、时态一致等；uu句子的句子的句子的句子的篇章篇章篇章篇章制约制约制约制约;uu句子的句
9、子的句子的句子的意义意义意义意义制约。制约。制约。制约。语境语境+语法语法第6页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二Whats the usual way you fulfill the task Grammar Filling?三步完成三步完成:概读理解概读理解 分析填空分析填空 连贯检查连贯检查语语 法法词法词法句法句法章法章法惯用法惯用法v思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎样入手呢到底该怎样入手呢?第7页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二1.The little boy pulled 33_ right hand out 1.T
10、he little boy pulled 33_ right hand out of the pocket (深圳一模深圳一模深圳一模深圳一模)冠词冠词物主代词物主代词 无提示词无提示词 可数名词单数之前可数名词单数之前3.There once were a goat and a donkey.So the farmer killed 40_ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.(惠州一模惠州一模惠州一模惠州一模)5.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure,I
11、 think of Donnie.He was 35_ shy,nervous perfectionist.(深圳二模深圳二模深圳二模深圳二模)the a a his考查语法点考查语法点:冠词冠词,物主代词的用法物主代词的用法第8页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二连词或从句引导词连词或从句引导词 无提示词无提示词两个主谓结构连接，用连词。两个主谓结构连接，用连词。2.It was not long 39_ the waitress came back and 2.It was not long 39_ the waitress came back and then she began to
12、 wipe down the table and suddenly was then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised at what she saw.surprised at what she saw.(深圳一模深圳一模深圳一模深圳一模)4.But nothing changed until midterm,39_ Mary 4.But nothing changed until midterm,39_ Mary Anne,a student teacher,was appointed to our cla
13、ssroom.Anne,a student teacher,was appointed to our classroom.(深圳二模深圳二模深圳二模深圳二模)before whenwhen考查语法点考查语法点:复合句中连接词、引导词的用法复合句中连接词、引导词的用法第9页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二介词介词 无提示词无提示词 与名词相连构成介宾短语做状语与名词相连构成介宾短语做状语,补语等补语等 与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语3.In short,I believe that it is 3.In short,I believe that it is 39
14、39_ great use to keep great use to keep a dairy in English a dairy in English(深二模深二模深二模深二模)5.When I took the money from her grandparents,I looked 5.When I took the money from her grandparents,I looked backback 3434_the girl,who was giving me the most optimistic,largest smile I had ever seen.(深圳一模深圳一
15、模深圳一模深圳一模)of at考查语法点考查语法点:介词的基本用法及搭配介词的基本用法及搭配第10页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二谓语动词谓语动词 有提示词有提示词 与主语构成主谓结构与主语构成主谓结构1.I was certain she would like it because I1.I was certain she would like it because I 3939 _(telltell)by my classmates that she loved hot food.)by my classmates that she loved hot food.(广州一模广州一模广
16、州一模广州一模)6.His fear of failure6.His fear of failure 3636_(_(keep)him from him from classroom games that other children played with joyous classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon.abandon.(深圳二模深圳二模深圳二模深圳二模)was toldwas told kept考查语法点考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致及主谓一致第11页，共23页，编
17、辑于2022年，星期二非谓语动词非谓语动词 有提示词有提示词 除谓语动词以外的动词形式除谓语动词以外的动词形式2 2.We must also consider the reaction of the person 3232_(receivereceive)the gift.(广州一模广州一模广州一模广州一模)3.3.I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left 36_(_(completecomplete)the rest!)the rest!(广二模广二模广二模广二模)6.My pupils,Donnie6.My pupils,Donnie
18、40_(_(include),),adored her.(深圳二模深圳二模深圳二模深圳二模)receivingreceiving to completeto complete included考查语法点考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用非谓语动词及变形的使用第12页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二词性转换词性转换 有提示词有提示词 介词介词,冠词冠词,所有格后接名词所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名形容词修饰名词词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子1.“Thirty-five cents,”she said 36_(_(rude).(深圳一模深圳一模深圳一模深圳一模)2.
19、2.One of theOne of the 33_(bad)gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher (一模一模一模一模)5.5.As far as I am concerned,myAs far as I am concerned,my 3737 _(suggest)is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach.(惠二模惠二模惠二模惠二模)rudelyrudely worstworst su
20、ggestionsuggestion考查语法点考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化各类词性的正确使用及转化第13页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二实词实词虚词虚词一根据句子结构，确定一根据句子结构，确定一根据句子结构，确定一根据句子结构，确定词性词性词性词性动词动词名词名词形容词形容词副词副词(代词代词)冠词冠词介词介词连词连词(代词代词)词性词性有有提提示示词词无无提提示示词词 主主主主 +谓谓谓谓N./Pron.N./Pron.Vt.Vt.宾宾N./Pron.N./Pron.Vi.宾宾宾宾+prep.art.art.Adv.Adj.Adj.Adj.Adj._,_,_,_,Adv.Adv
21、.主主主主+谓谓谓谓,_,_,_,_ 主主主主+谓谓谓谓.conj./引导词引导词主主主主+谓谓谓谓,_.,_.,_.,_.非谓语动词非谓语动词非谓语动词非谓语动词引导词从句引导词从句引导词从句引导词从句第14页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二二根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形二根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形冠词冠词定冠词定冠词,不定冠词不定冠词,物主代词的用法物主代词的用法并列句及复合句并列句及复合句非谓语非谓语非谓语动词非谓语动词 to do,doing,done 及变形及变形谓语动词的时态及语态谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致及主谓一致连词连词连词连词介词介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配介
22、词的常用用法及词组搭配词性变化词性变化词性变化词性变化词汇词汇,构词法构词法谓语动词谓语动词第16页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二20092009语法填空语法填空 Jane was walking round the department store.She remembered how difficult 31 was to choose a suitable Christmas present forher father.She wished that he was as easy 32（please）as her mother，who was always delighted wi
23、th perfume.Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not 33 pleasantexperience:people stepped on your feet or 34（push）you with their elbows（肘部（肘部),hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.Jane paused in front of a counter 35 some attractive ties were on display.“They are real silk.”the assistant tried
24、 to attract her.“Worth double the price.”But Jane knew from past experience that her 36（choose）of ties hardly ever pleased her father.Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered.She foundsome good quality pipes 37 sale.She did not hesitate for long:although her father smoked a pipe only onc
25、e in a while，she knew that this was a present which was bound to please 38.When Jane got home，with her small but well-chosen present in her bag，her parents were already 39 table having supper.Her mother was excited.“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,”Jane 40（inform）.第17页，共23页，编辑于2022年，
26、星期二0909语法填空语法填空 Jane was walking round the department store.She remembered how difficult was to choose a suitable Christmas present forher father.She wished that he was as easy （please）as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume.Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not pleasantexper
27、ience:people stepped on your feet or （push）you with their elbows（肘部（肘部),hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.Jane paused in front of a counter some attractive ties were on display.“They are real silk.”the assistant tried to attract her.“Worth double the price.”But Jane knew from past experience that h
28、er （choose）of ties hardly ever pleased her father.Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered.She foundsome good quality pipes sale.She did not hesitate for long:although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while，she knew that this was a present which was bound to please .When Jane got
29、home，with her small but well-chosen present in her bag，her parents were already table having supper.Her mother was excited.“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,”Jane _（inform）.it itto pleaseto pleasewherewherea a himhimchiocechioceononwas informedwas informedatatpushedpushed第18页，共23页，编辑于
30、2022年，星期二 One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival.I left it early because I had an appointment 16 (late)that day.My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 17 the bus arrived.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back,and then I noticed a man 18 (sit)at the fron
31、t.He 19 (pretend)that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.He must be 20 (mental)disabled.Behind him were other people to 21 he was trying to talk,but after some minutes 22 walked away and sat near me,looking annoyed I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him
32、 23 his own either.After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus.I sat next to the man and introduced myself.We had 24 amazing conversation.He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.Im glad I made a choice.It made 25 of us feel good.20112011年语
33、法填空年语法填空第19页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二 One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival.I left it early because I had an appointment 16 (late)that day.My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 17 the bus arrived.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back,and then I noticed a ma
34、n 18 (sit)at the front.He 19 (pretend)that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.He must be 20 (mental)disabled.Behind him were other people to 21 he was trying to talk,but after some minutes 22 walked away and sat near me,looking annoyed I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I d
35、idnt like leaving him 23 his own either.After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus.I sat next to the man and introduced myself.We had 24 amazing conversation.He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.Im glad I made a choice.It made 25 of us
36、 feel good.20112011年语法填空年语法填空lateruntilsittingwas pretendingmentallywhomtheyonanboth第20页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二A brief sum-upA brief sum-up 语法填空题比起单选题来对考生提出了更高的要求。它语法填空题比起单选题来对考生提出了更高的要求。它 ；强化；强化 。一些。一些 至关重至关重要，对文章的意思要理解透彻，要，对文章的意思要理解透彻，对对 的关系的关系要明确。要明确。以语法为基础以语法为基础以语境为依托以语境为依托对句子的分析和理解对句子的分析和理解固定搭配固定搭配上上下文，前后句下文，前后句语境（语境（context）篇章意识篇章意识第21页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二基础写作基础写作-基本句子写作训练基本句子写作训练第22页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二第23页，共23页，编辑于2022年，星期二