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1、关于分词做状语和独立主格结构第一页，讲稿共三十七页哦分分词词做状做状语语V-ing作状语作状语,可表时间、原因、方式、结果、条件、让可表时间、原因、方式、结果、条件、让步、伴随或陪衬等含义步、伴随或陪衬等含义,相当于一个对应的相当于一个对应的状语从句状语从句所表达的意思所表达的意思.第二页，讲稿共三十七页哦 1._（walk）in the street,I came across an old friend.When.2._(be)ill,he didnt go to school.Because3._(use)your head,you will find a way.If 第三页，讲稿共三
2、十七页哦Weweresittingbythewindow,_(talk)aboutwhathappenedyesterday.(伴随）伴随）Hisparentsdied,_(leave)himanorphan.第四页，讲稿共三十七页哦Havingmethimformanytimes,shedecidedtohelphimout.Aftershehadmethimformanytimes,1.v-ing形式作状语时，若它所表示的动作发生在主形式作状语时，若它所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前，需用句谓语动作之前，需用having done,被动形式被动形式 having been done2.v
3、-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主句形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主句主语保持一致；主语保持一致；3.否定式直接在分词前加否定式直接在分词前加not第五页，讲稿共三十七页哦Notknowingheraddress,wehadtogetintouchwithher._(finish)theclass,shewenthome._(catch)onthespot,thethiefhadtoadmithiscrime.第六页，讲稿共三十七页哦Ved 作状语作状语 1.过去分词作状语，表示过去分词作状语，表示时间时间、条件条件、原因原因、让步让步、伴随情况伴随情况等。等。过去分词的过去分词的逻辑主
4、语逻辑主语是是主句的主语主句的主语第七页，讲稿共三十七页哦_(see)fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Whenitis_(keep)inrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.IftheyareDeeply_(move)bythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.第八页，讲稿共三十七页哦过去完成时1.定义：在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去过去的过去”。2.结构：结构：haddone被动：被动：hadbeendoneIhad
5、finishedreadingthenovelbynineoclocklastnight。I thought I had seen him before.第九页，讲稿共三十七页哦与分词作状语交叉与分词作状语交叉Aftershehadfinishedtheofficework,shecametothesittingroomandrelaxed.Havingfinishedtheofficework,she第十页，讲稿共三十七页哦Practice 1._fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwherev
6、erhegoes.A.SufferedB.SufferingC.HavingsufferedD.Beingsuffered第十一页，讲稿共三十七页哦2.Hesentmeane-mail,_togetfurtherinformation.A.hopedB.hopingC.tohopeD.hope第十二页，讲稿共三十七页哦3.Whilebuildingatunnelthroughthemountain,_.A.anundergroundlakewasdiscoveredB.therewasanundergroundlakediscoveredC.alakewasdiscoveredundergro
7、undD.theworkersdiscoveredanundergroundlake第十三页，讲稿共三十七页哦4.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage_thegirlandtookheraway,_intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.B.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing第十四页，讲稿共三十七页哦5._inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswallet
8、athome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited第十五页，讲稿共三十七页哦6.If _ the same treatment again,hes sure to get well.A.giving B.give C.given D.being given第十六页，讲稿共三十七页哦7.Unless _ to speak,you should remain silent at the conference.A.invited B.inviting C.being invited D.having invited第十七页，讲稿共三十七页哦
9、 7._ in 1636,Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A.Being founded B.It was founded C.Founded D.Founding 第十八页，讲稿共三十七页哦独立主格结构独立主格结构1.由名词或代词加上分词或分词短语构成的由名词或代词加上分词或分词短语构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。第十九页，讲稿共三十七页哦2.特点特点1）独立主格结构的）独立主格结构的逻辑主语逻辑主语与与句子的主语不句子的主语不同同，它独立存在。，它独
10、立存在。2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定不定式，介词等是式，介词等是主谓关系主谓关系。3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。第二十页，讲稿共三十七页哦3.结构结构名词/主格代词+现在分词现在分词/过去分词过去分词/不定式不定式/形容词形容词/副词副词/介词短语介词短语There being+名词/代词It being+名词/代词第二十一页，讲稿共三十七页哦Thegirl_(stare)athim(=Asthegirlstaredathim),hedidntknowwhattosay.Time_(permi
11、t)(=Iftimepermits),wewillgoforanoutingtomorrow.Theproblems_(solve)(=Astheproblemsweresolved),thequalityhasbeenimproved.第二十二页，讲稿共三十七页哦独立主格与状语从句的转换独立主格与状语从句的转换当状语从句的当状语从句的主语主语与与主句的主语不同时主句的主语不同时，可用独立主格结构取代状语从句，但可用独立主格结构取代状语从句，但不不再保留连词再保留连词。Afterclasswasover，thestudentssoonlefttheclassroom.Classbeingove
12、r/Classover第二十三页，讲稿共三十七页哦Heisgoingtomakeamodelplane,someoldpartstohelp.Hismother（being）ill,hehadtostayhometolookafterher.Themeeting（being）over,theyallwenthome.第二十四页，讲稿共三十七页哦being（或（或havingbeen）不能省略的情形不能省略的情形(1)独立主格的逻辑主语是代词时。ItbeingSundaItbeingSunday,we went to church.(2)在在There being名词名词/代词的结构代词的结构中
13、。中。There being no bus,we had to go home on foot.第二十五页，讲稿共三十七页哦OurEnglishteachercameintotheclassroom,bookinhand.n/pron+介词短语结构中，介词短语结构中，n/pron前不可用前不可用冠词或形容词性物主代词（冠词或形容词性物主代词（his，her，our）第二十六页，讲稿共三十七页哦Practice 1.Thecave_verydark,helitsomecandles_light.A.was;given B.was;togiveB.C.being;givenD.being;togi
14、ve第二十七页，讲稿共三十七页哦2.Thesoldierrushedintothecave,hisrighthand_agunandhisface_withsweat.Aheld;coveredB.holding;coveringC.holding;coveredD.held;covering3.Thegirlinthesnapshot（快照）（快照）wassmilingsweetly,herlonghair_.A.flowedinthebreezeB.wasflowinginthebreezeC.wereflowinginthebreezeD.flowinginthebreeze第二十八页，
15、讲稿共三十七页哦4.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons_fortheday.A.finishingB.finishedC.hadfinishedD.werefinished第二十九页，讲稿共三十七页哦5._,wewenthome.A.OurhomeworkhadbeenfinishedB.OurhomeworkhavingbeenfinishedC.OurhomeworkfinishingD.Ourhomeworkbeenfinished6.Themeeting_,hewentbacktohiscompany.A.OverB
16、.hadoverC.wasoverD.havebeenover第三十页，讲稿共三十七页哦7._,he put on his coat.A.It being cold B.It coldC.Being cold D.It having been cold8.Time_,weshallvisitthezoo.A.beenpermittingB.permittingC.permittedD.havingbeenpermitted第三十一页，讲稿共三十七页哦9._,wehavetogetdowntobusinessrightawayA.TherewasnotimeleftB.Thereisnotime
17、leftC.TherebeingnotimeleftD.Theretobenotimeleft第三十二页，讲稿共三十七页哦10.Shestoodthere,_fromhercheeks.A.tearsrollingdownB.B.tearsrolleddownC.withtearsrolleddownD.tearsrollingdown第三十三页，讲稿共三十七页哦11.Theboystoodbeforetheroastedduck,hiseyes_onitandhismouth_.A.werefixed,waswateredB.fixed,wateringC.fixed,wateredD.werefixing,waswatering第三十四页，讲稿共三十七页哦12._Sunday,thelibraryisclosed.A.BeingB.ItbeingC.TherebeingD.Itis第三十五页，讲稿共三十七页哦Homework Domoreexercisestoconsolidateabsolutestructureandparticiplesasadverbials.第三十六页，讲稿共三十七页哦感谢大家观看27.09.2022第三十七页，讲稿共三十七页哦