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1、一一UnitUnit 1 1PeriodPeriod 1 1.阅读理解AIn 1812,the year Charles Dickens was born,there were 66 novels published inBritain.People had been writing novels for a centurymost experts date the firstnovel toRobinson Crusoein 1719but nobody wanted to do it professionally.Thesteam-powered printing press was st
2、ill in its early stages;the literacy(识字)ratein England was under 50%.Many works of fiction appeared without the names of theauthors,often with something like“By a lady”.Novels,for the most part,werelooked upon as silly,immoral,or just plain bad.In 1870,when Dickens died,the world mourned him as its
3、first professional writerand publisher,famous and beloved,who had led an explosion in both the publicationof novels and their readership and whose charactersfrom Oliver Twist to TinyTimwere held up as moral touchstones.Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged.Removing him from the pantheon(名人堂)of Eng
4、lish literature would make about as muchsense as the Louvre selling off theMona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top?For all the feelings readers attach to stories,literature is a numbers game,and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian a
5、ge,from 1837 to 1901;todaya casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them.Its partly true thatDickens style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.Its partlythat his writings rode a wave of social,political and scientific progress.But its also that he rewrote the culture of
6、 literature and put himself at the center.Noone will ever know what mix of talent,ambition,energy and luck made Dickens sucha distinguished writer.But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches,it ispossible and important for our own cultureto understand how he made himself alasting one.【语篇概述】
7、这是一篇写于狄更斯诞辰 200 周年纪念前夕的文章,介绍了英国小说的产生和兴盛,以及狄更斯在英国小说界的地位。1.Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A.They were difficult to understand.B.They were popular among the rich.C.They were seen as nearly worthless.D.They were written mostly by women.【解析】选 C。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“No
8、vels,for the most part,were lookedupon as silly,immoral or just plain bad.”可知,18 世纪的英国小说被看不起,被认为是愚蠢的,邪恶的,坏透了的,与 C 选项中的 worthless 基本一致,故选 C。2.Dickens is compared with theMona Lisain the text to stress_.A.his reputation in FranceB.his interest in modern artC.his success in publicationD.his importance
9、in literature【解析】选 D。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Today Dickensgreatness is unchallenged.”可知,文章把狄更斯与蒙娜丽莎比较,是利用蒙娜丽莎在艺术界的地位来类比狄更斯在文学界的地位,故选 D。3.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To remember a great writer.B.To introduce an English novel.C.To encourage studies on culture.D.To promote values of the Vict
10、orian age.【解析】选 A。写作意图题。根据最后一段中“But as the 200th anniversary of his birthapproaches.”可知,本文写于狄更斯诞辰 200 周年纪念前夕,显然是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。B(2021邯郸高二检测)Women have been making scientific discoveries since ancient times.Dozens ofwomen have won the Nobel Prize in science,one of the highest honors in the world.Some wo
11、men scientists never married,some worked with their husbands,and othersraised large families.It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists.In the early 1800s in England,Mary Anning became one of the first womenrecognized for her discoveries about the ancient history of the earth.Mary a
12、nd herfather collected fossils(化石)in their village on the south coast of Great Britain.Fossils are parts of plants or animals that have been saved in rocks for millionsof years.When she was only twelve years old,Mary became the first person to find thealmost complete skeletons(骨架)of several animals
13、that no longer existed on earth.She didnt become famous for her discoveries at that time because she often soldher fossils to get money to support her family.In 1891,a young Polish woman named Marie Sklodowska traveled to Paris to studyphysics.She did so because she could not get a college education
14、 in Poland.She beganworking in the laboratory of a man named Pierre Curie.Marie and Pierre Curie gotmarried and made many discoveries together.They received the Nobel Prize in Physicsin 1903 along with another scientist.Marie Curie became the first person to be awardeda second Nobel Prize in 1911,th
15、is time in Chemistry.Marie Curie was one of the fewwomen at the time that became famous as a scientist.【语篇概述】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了以 Mary Anning 和 Marie Curie 为代表的女性科学家的故事。4.What does the author think of women scientists according to Paragraph 1?A.They go through difficulties to be successful.B.They cannot
16、 get the highest honors in the world.C.They had better pay more attention to their families.D.They have more opportunities to become successful.【解析】选 A。细节理解题。根据文章第一段末尾句内容“It has been difficult for womento be successful scientists.”可知,在作者看来,女性成为成功的科学家是很难的。故选 A 项。5.Why did Mary fail to be famous for h
17、er discoveries of fossils?A.She didnt want to be known to anyone.B.They werent worth studying.C.Nobody recognized them.D.She sold them for money.【解析】选 D。细节理解题。根据文章第三段末尾句内容“She didnt become famous for herdiscoveries at that time because she often sold her fossils to get money to supporther family.”可知
18、,她当时并没有因为发现化石而出名是因为她经常卖掉化石来赚钱养家。故选 D 项。6.What can we know about Marie Curie?A.She finished her college education in Poland.B.She was the first woman to win two Nobel Prizes.C.She won the first Nobel Prize before getting married.D.She and her husband won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.【解析】选 B。细节理解题。根据文
19、章第四段内容“They received the Nobel Prize in Physicsin 1903 along with another scientist.Marie Curie became the first person to be awardeda second Nobel Prize in 1911,this time in Chemistry.”可知,1903 年,居里夫人夫妇和另一位科学家一起获得了诺贝尔物理学奖,1911 年,居里夫人成为第一个获得第二个诺贝尔奖的人,这次是在化学领域。因此可知,她是第一位两次获得诺贝尔奖的女性。故选 B项。7.Whats the t
20、ext mainly about?A.Ancient discoveries of scientists.B.Some stories of women scientists.C.Successful marriages of women scientists.D.Some women scientists winning the Nobel Prize.【解析】选 B。主旨大意题。根据文章结构为总分结构,第一段提及了本文的中心话题:Womenhave been making scientific discoveries since ancient times.It has been diff
21、icultfor women to be successful scientists.由此可知文章的话题为“女性科学家”,并在后文讲述了 Mary Anning 和 Marie Curie的成功故事。选项 B“Some stories of women scientists.(一些女科学家的故事。)”合理概括了文章中心主旨。故选 B 项。.阅读填句Eyes can speakMuch meaning can be conveyed clearly with our eyes,so it is often said that eyescan speak.1In a bus you may loo
22、k at a stranger,but not for too long.And if he sensesthat you are staring at him,he may feel uncomfortable.The same is true in our daily life.If you are stared at for more than necessary,you will look at yourself up and down to see if there is something wrong with you.2Eyes do speak,right?Looking to
23、o long at someone may seem to be rude and aggressive.3If a manstares at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to look away from her,hisintentions are obvious.He wishes to attract her attention and let her know that heis admiring her.However,when two persons are engaged in a conversation,the s
24、peaker will onlylook into the listeners eyes from time to time to make sure that the listener doespay attention to what the former is speaking.4If a speaker looks at youcontinuously when speaking as if trying to control you,you will feel awkward.A poorliar usually exposes himself by looking too long
25、 at the victim.He wrongly believesthat looking straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication.5Actually,eye contact should be made based on specific relationship and situation.A.On the contrary,it will give him away.B.Do you have such a kind of experience?C.Thats what normal eye contact is al
26、l about.D.Actually,continuous eye contact is limited to lovers only.E.After all,everybody likes to be stared at for quite a long time.F.But things are different when it comes to staring at the opposite sex.G.If nothing goes wrong,you will feel annoyed at being stared at that way.【语篇概述】本文叙述了我们的眼睛能清楚地
27、表达许多意思,所以常说眼睛会说话。但是用眼神交流应根据两人之间的关系和你们所在的位置而定。1.【解析】选 B。根据第一段的意思:许多意思可以用我们的眼睛清楚地表达,所以经常说眼睛能说话。再根据空格下句:在公共汽车上,你可能看一个陌生人,但时间不太长。故可知 B 项 Do you have such a kind of experience?(你有这样一种经历吗?)起着承上启下的作用,符合题意,故选 B。2.【解析】选 G。根据上句:如果你被过分盯着看,你就会上上下下打量自己,看看自己是不是有什么地方不对劲。故可知下句的意思是:如果没有什么不对劲的话,以那种方式被盯着看,你会感觉到很恼火,故选
28、G。3.【解析】选 F。根据上句:长时间看某人是粗鲁和具有侵略性的。再根据空格下句:如果一位男士盯着一位女士超过 10 秒,拒绝避开她,他的目的很明显。他就是想吸引她的注意,让她知道他正在欣赏她。故可知空格处表示一种转折:但是,当谈到盯着异性时,情况就不同了。故选 F。4.【解析】选 C。根据上句:说话者不时地盯着听者的眼睛就是为了确保听者确实在听自己说话。再根据空格下句:如果一个说话的人说话时一直看着你,好像是在试图控制你。故可知此处的意思是:这就是正常的眼神交流。故选 C。5.【解析】选 A。根据上句:他错误地认为直视眼睛是真诚交流的一个标志。故可知下句的意思是:正相反,它出卖了他。故选
29、A。【素养培优】According to Passage A,retell the main idea.CharlesCharles DickensDickens waswas bornborn inin 1812.1812.InIn 1870,1870,whenwhen DickensDickens died,died,thethe worldworld mournedmournedhimhim asas itsits firstfirst professionalprofessional writerwriter andand publisher,publisher,whowho hadh
30、ad ledled anan explosionexplosion inin bothboththethe publicationpublication ofof novelsnovels andand theirtheir readership.readership.HeHe createdcreated manymany characters,characters,suchsuch asasOliverOliver Twist,Twist,TinyTiny TimTimwhowho werewere heldheld upup asas moralmoral touchstones.tou
31、chstones.DickensDickens stylestyle ofof writingwriting attractedattracted audiencesaudiences fromfrom allall walkswalks ofof life.life.AndAnd hishiswritingswritings roderode a a wavewave ofof social,social,politicalpolitical andand scientificscientific progress.progress.PerhapsPerhaps talent,talent,
32、ambition,ambition,energyenergy andand luckluck mademade DickensDickens suchsuch a a distinguisheddistinguished writer.writer.阅读理解Benjamin West,the father of American painting,showed his talent for art whenhe was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor toldhim he need
33、ed one.In those days,a brush was made from camels hair.There wereno camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some furfrom the family cat to make a brush.The brush did not last long.Soon Benjamin needed more fur.Before long,the catbegan to look ragged(蓬乱).His father said
34、 that the cat must be sick.Benjamin wasforced to admit what he had been doing.The cats lot was about to improve.That year,one of Benjamins cousins,MrPennington,came to visit.He was impressed with Benjamins drawings.When he wenthome,he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.He also sent six en
35、gravings(版画)by an artist.These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushesBenjamin had ever seen.In 1747,when Benjamin was nine years old,Mr Pennington returned for anothervisit.He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift.He asked Benjamins parents if he might take the boy bac
36、k to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city,Mr Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.The boy began a landscape(风景)painting.Williams,a well-known painter,came tosee him work.Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic bookson painting to take home.The books wer
37、e long and dull.Benjamin could read only alittle,having been a poor student.But he later said,“Those two books were mycompanions by day,and under my pillow at night.”While it is likely that heunderstood very little of the books,they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nine-year-old boy
38、decided then that he would be an artist.【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国绘画之父本杰明小时候就展现出了绘画的天赋,并在堂兄及 Williams 的帮助下下定决心成为一名画家的故事。1.What is the text mainly about?A.Benjamins visit to Philadelphia.B.Williams influence on Benjamin.C.The beginning of Benjamins life as an artist.D.The friendship between Benjamin and
39、Pennington.【解析】选 C。主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述的是美国绘画之父本杰明小时候如何下定决心要成为一名画家的,故选 C。2.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 suggest?A.The cat would be closely watched.B.The cat would get some medical care.C.Benjamin would leave his home shortly.D.Benjamin would have real brushes soon.【解析】选 D。句意猜测题。根据
40、第三段中的“he sent Benjamin a box of paint and somebrushes”可知,本杰明拥有了真正的画笔,不再需要猫毛制作画笔了。这句话的本意是“这只猫的命运即将改善”,故选 D。3.What did Mr Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?A.He took him to see painting exhibitions.B.He provided him with painting materials.C.He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.D.He
41、 taught him how to make engravings.【解析】选 B。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“he sent Benjamin a box of paint and somebrushes”可知,为了开发本杰明的绘画才能,Pennington 送给了他一些颜料和画笔,也就是向他提供了绘画材料,故选 B。4.Williams two books helped Benjamin to _.A.master the use of paintsB.appreciate landscape paintingsC.get to know other paintersD.make up his mind to be a painter【解析】选 D。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“they were his introduction to classicalpaintings.The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.”可知,这两本书最终使得本杰明决定成为一名画家,故选 D。