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1、DAY 8 高考英语复习之晨诵晚训（熟词生义+高考真题长难句+话题阅读训练）目录内容模块一熟词生义背诵模块二长难句表达分析模块三话题阅读训练模块一 熟词生义1. coastvi. (尤指不用动力向山坡下)滑行，惯性滑行；轻易取得成功The car coasted along until it stopped. 汽车随惯性而下直至滑行停止。He coasted through his final exams. 他毫不费劲地通过了期终考试。2. containvt. 遏制；防止蔓延 More than a hundred firemen are still trying to contain th
2、e fire at the plant. 上百名消防队员仍在试图控制工厂的火势。3. countv. (被)正式接纳；正式许可Applications received after 1 July will not be counted. 7月1日以后收到的申请书将不予受理。4. couplevt. 连接Two computer processors can be coupled. 两台计算机处理器可以连接起来。5. costvt. 使丧失；使损失；使付出努力That one mistake almost cost him his life. 那一个差错几乎使他丧命。 The patients
3、dangerous condition cost the doctors and the nurses many a sleepless night. 病人的危险状态使医生、护士好几夜不曾合眼。 6. courtvt. 试图获得；博得He has never courted popularity. 他从不追求名望。7. covervt. 足以支付；够付The firm barely covers its costs; it hasnt made a profit for years. 该公司几乎入不敷出， 已经多年没有盈利了。8. cowvt. 恐吓；吓唬；威胁；胁迫She was easil
4、y cowed by people in authority. 她很容易被有权势的人吓住。9. crossv. 反对，否定(某人或计划、意愿)adj. 生气的Shes really nice until you cross her. 她待人确实很好，除非你跟她作对。Sometimes I get very cross with the children. 有时候我对孩子们非常恼怒。10. cutn. (尤指钱的)份额 Dont forget your agent takes a 10% cut. 别忘了你的代理人应得10%的份额。模块二 高考真题长难句 1. Though the movie
5、is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building. 【解析】本句主干部分是most of the 250 seats were filled with audience。句首的though引导让步状语从句，teary-eyed作定语修饰audience, wanting to say good-bye to the old building作后置定语修饰audience。【句意】虽然这部影片已经有30年之久
6、，几乎250个座椅还是坐满了泪眼汪汪的观众，他们希望以此和这栋老建筑告别。2. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up and out the side of the hole. 【解析】本句中主句lay the tube in place为祈使句；so that引导目的状语从句，从句包含and连接的并列句。 【句意】接着把管子放在恰当的位置，使得管子的一端一直放在杯子里并且管子的其余部分向上延伸到坑的外部。 模块三 话题阅读
7、训练一、阅读理解AA new device the size of a coffee cup can make drinkable water from dry air using nothing but sunlight. “With this device, you can harvest a glass of water in an hour，” says Omar Yaghi, a chemist at the University of California, Berkeley. “Thats about how much water a person needs a day to
8、survive in the desert.”Although the current device is just a prototype (原型), the technology could be adopted to supply fresh water to the most remote regions of the globe, such as the Middle East and North Africa. Similar devices in previous attempts worked only below 50 percent relative humidity (湿
9、度). They can extract water from the air even at low relative humidity. However, they either collect water too slowly or require lots of energy. However, the new device, using a new special material, pulls water from air with as low as 20 percent relative humidity and successfully avoids both problem
10、s. Developed by MIT engineers from an existing material, the special material, called MOF-801, creates a network of very small pores (气孔) that can trap water vapor. At room temperature, water vapor collects in the pores. As temperatures rise, the water escapes into the box designed for water collect
11、ion. When the device is left in the shade, the layer of MOF-801 collects water vapor from the air. When moved into direct sunlight, the layer heats up and the water vapor escapes into a box, which cools the vapor, making it into drinkable water. This entire process takes around two hours. Laboratory
12、 tests of the device harvested 2.8 liters of water per day. Therefore, the device could be used as a personal water source in dry regions, Yaghi says, or the technology could be used to produce enough water for a whole community. 1. According to Yaghi, the new device is invented to _. A. provide sol
13、ar energy B. change the dry airC. make water from air D. measure air humidity2. What helps the device avoid the problems of previous attempts?A. A new material called MOF-801. B. Large pores which can trap water. C. The box cooling water vapor. D. The layer powered by the sun. 3. Which is the right
14、order of how the device works?a. Collect vapor from the air. b. The device is left in the shade. c. The device is moved in the sunlight. d. Cool the vapor into drinkable water. A. abcd B. bacdC. cabd D. acbdBCity Transformer, a four-year-old company based outside Tel Aviv, Israel, is ready to shake
15、up the auto industry with their invention.So what is it that theyve created? A car that actually folds while youre driving. Its a neat trick, sure. Perhaps something youd see in a superhero movie. But it actually serves a practical purpose. With more people choosing to live in urban environments, sp
16、ace can be tight. Picture yourself pulling up to a tiny parking space thats only big enough for a motorcycle. No problem. Hit the button, and your car shrinks to fit into the space.The car, which is available for pre-order now, is a case study in clean design. It contains only 1，000 parts, compared
17、to the industry standard of about 20，000 in a regular car. Its all electric, and doesnt run on gas, causing no pollution. Its autonomous-ready, which means that one day it will be able to drive itself.City Transformer is considering a company of foldable cars positioned all across the globe. People
18、who own membership of the car rental company can rent one of the cars wherever they are. Whats more, when you get into any of the cars, it will instantly recognize you and adjust the seats, temperature and music to your favorite settings.Asaf Formoza, the companys founder, believes its at the right
19、place, at the right time. “Its very important for us to be in Israel, because we have more than 400 companies here just for the automotive departments，” he explained. “And we can take some of their proven technologies and adopt them to our car.”“To bring something like that as a solution (解决方案) for
20、cities when so many people around the world are stuck in traffic jams, this is going to be something that I think can really change the experience of drivers，” said project manager Itamar Meridor.4. What is the advantage of the car?A. It uses less gas. B. It is easier to control.C. It takes up less
21、space. D. It has a higher speed.5. What can the car do when a person sits in it?A. Drive itself. B. Obey any order.C. Take his or her temperature.D. Provide personalized services.6. Why does Asaf Formoza say the car is at the right place?A. Israel is a large market for cars.B. The car company pays n
22、o tax in Israel.C. The new technologies are available in Israel.D. The road conditions in Israel are nice for cars.7. How does Itamar Meridor feel about the future of the car?A. Uncertain. B. Hopeful. C. Concerned. D. Doubtful.二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Fathers Day was not established as a h
23、oliday in order to help greeting cards shops sell more cards. In fact, when a “Fathers Day” was first proposed (提议), there _1_ (be) no Fathers Day cards!Mrs. Dodd first proposed that a “Fathers Day” be celebrated in 1909. Mrs. Dodd wanted a special day _2_ (honor) her father, William Smart. William
24、Smart, a Civil War veteran (老兵) was widowed when his wife died in childbirth with their sixth child. Mr. Smart was left to raise the newborn and his other five children all by _3_ (him) on a rural farm in eastern Washington State. It was after Mrs. Dodd became an adult that she realized the _4_ (str
25、ong) and selflessness her father had shown in raising his children as a single parent. The first Fathers Day _5_ (observe) on June 19, 1910 in Spokane Washington. At about the same time in various _6_ (town) and cities across America, people began to celebrate the “Fathers Day”. In 1924 President Ca
26、lvin Coolidge supported the idea of _7_ national Fathers Day. _8_ (final) in 1966 President Lyndon Johnson signed a presidential proclamation (公告) declaring the 3rd Sunday of June _9_ Fathers Day. Fathers Day has become a day to honor not only your father, _10_ all men who act as a father figure. St
27、epfathers, uncles, grandfathers, and adult male friends are all honored on Fathers Day. 三、短文改错To reduce the pressure of study and get some relaxation, our class played basketball match with Class 1 this afternoon. The match was turned out to be tough, excited and friendly as well. Player from both c
28、lasses were trying hard to win with their fellow students cheered them up at the top of their voices. It was really a close match. Our class had a narrowly victory by 5653 at last. I dont think we had better players in our team, and I do believe it was the team work we paid special attention to whic
29、h helped us win. They deserved the victory! It doesnt matter which class won. What really count is the enjoyment the match itself brought us.四、写作练习假设你是李华,你校即将举办一场孔子思想讲座,主题是“见贤思齐焉,见不贤而内自省也”。请写一封邮件邀请对中国传统文化感兴趣的交换生Jim听讲座,内容包括:1.时间、地点;2.讲座主题;3.可能的收获。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 模块四 参考答案校对Passage A1. C
30、细节理解题。根据第一段第一句A new device the size of a coffee cup can make drinkable water from dry air using nothing but sunlight. 可知，这种新装置是用来从干燥的空气中制造出可饮用的水。2. A细节理解题。根据第四段中However, the new device. successfully avoids both problems. the special material, called MOF-801可知，能避免以前出现的问题是一种叫MOF-801的特殊材料。3. B细节理解题。根据第
31、五段When the device is left in the shade, the layer of MOF-801 collects water vapor from the air. When moved into direct sunlight, the layer heats up and the water vapor escapes into a box, which cools the vapor. 可知这一装置的使用过程是：当设备被留在阴凉处时，MOF-801层会从空气中收集水蒸气。当被移入直射的阳光下，这层就会变热，水蒸气会逸散到一个盒子里，这样就可以冷却蒸汽，使之变成饮
32、用水。所以B顺序正确。Passage B4. C细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，这款汽车在行驶过程中以及在停车场都可以折叠，这样就会占用更少的空间。5. D细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句Whats more, when you. to your favorite settings.可知，当租车公司的会员驾驶汽车时，汽车会识别他们的身份，根据他们的喜好自动为他们调节座位、温度以及播放他们喜欢的音乐。6. C推理判断题。根据第五段末句可知，在以色列有很多汽车公司，City Transformer可以将其他公司已经验证过的科技应用到汽车。7. B推理判断题。根据文章末段内容可知， Itamar Me
33、ridor认为这款汽车适应现代社会的需求，未来应该是有希望的。Passage C1. were考查动词时态。结合前面when引导的时间状语从句可知，主句用一般过去时。且根据there be句型的原则，后面是cards复数，此空填were。2. to honor考查非谓语动词。动词不定式作后置定语修饰a special day。3. himself考查代词。此处表示“独自抚养刚出世的孩子和其他五个孩子”，by himself为固定用法。4. strength考查词形转换。结合空后的and selflessness可知，这里是用名词作realized的宾语。5. was observed考查动词时
34、态语态及主谓一致。根据时间状语on June 19, 1910可知用一般过去时。主语The first Fathers Day和observe是动宾关系，用被动语态。6. towns考查名词复数。前面有various修饰可数名词town，所以应用复数。7. a考查冠词。此处指“一个全国性的父亲节”，用不定冠词a。8. Finally考查副词。作状语修饰整个句子，用副词。9. as考查介词。此处指“宣布六月的第三个星期天为父亲节”，as表示“作为”。10. but考查连词。句意：父亲节已经成为了一个不仅仅纪念父亲的节日，还包括所有扮演父亲角色的男人。此处是not only. but. “不仅而且
35、”的固定搭配。Passage D第一句：在basketball前加a。表示“打篮球”一般用play basketball，但此处的中心词是match，为可数名词，意为“一场篮球比赛”，故用不定冠词a。第二句：去掉was。turn out意为“结果是；证明是”，不能用于被动语态。excited改为exciting。此处是说比赛令人很激动，故用exciting。excited “感到兴奋的”，主语一般为人。第三句：Player改为Players。结合语境可知此处应用复数形式，和后面的谓语were保持一致。cheered改为cheering。此处是with复合结构，cheer和fellow stud
36、ents之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用cheering。第五句：narrowly改为narrow。a narrow victory “险胜”。修饰名词应用形容词。第六句：and改为but。前后句逻辑上构成转折关系，故用but。which改为that。此处是强调句型，应用that，“the team work we paid special attention to”是被强调部分。第七句：They改为We。结合语境可知此处应用We和上文呼应。第九句：count改为counts。由语境可知，时态为一般现在时。what引导主语从句并在从句中作主语，且表语亦为单数概念，故从句的谓语动词count应用
37、第三人称单数。Passage EGood news for you! There will be a lecture about Confucius next week in our school. Since you are very interested in Chinese culture, this is a good chance for you to get a glimpse of its originConfucianism.The lecture is scheduled to be held at 6 pm next Friday, in Lecture Hall 1. Y
38、ou know we get to know the ideas of Confucius from the book The Analects of Confucius, which keeps a record of his ideas and thoughts about politics and life. The invited professor will focus on one of Confucius sayingsWhen we see men of worth, we should think of equaling them;when we see men of a c
39、ontrary character, we should turn inwards and examine ourselves.After the lecture, you will know what we follow in our private life and what shapes our personality. We are a people who are good at reflecting on our thoughts and behaviours.If you are interested in the lecture, remember to be in Lecture Hall 1 at 6 pm next Friday.Yours,Li Hua