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1、核心素养测评十一 Unit 2 Sports events. 阅读理解ABreakdancing is set to make its first debut(亮相)as an Olympic sport at Paris 2024, Tony Estanguet, head of the Paris organizing committee, said on February 21st. Skateboarding, sport climbing and surfing, which have already been added to the programme for the 2020
2、Tokyo Olympics, have been invited to return in Paris four years later. Tony Estanguet said the choices responded to a need to make the Olympics “more urban” and “more artistic”. We have chosen to present the International Olympic Committee (IOC) with the four sports because they are creative, appeal
3、ing to youth and completely in line with our vision. They reflect perfectly Paris 2024s identity. Breakdancing is an example of a sport “Which can be played anywhere and anytime in urban and other environment. ” It appeared at the 2018 Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires in the form of head-to-head “batt
4、les”. In competitive breakdancing, “breakers” face off in “battles” against each other, either as individuals or teams. Breakdancers use a mix of physical and artistic skills combining elements from gymnastics or acrobatics (杂技). The IOC had announced that the number of competitors at Paris 2024 wou
5、ld be restricted to 10, 500, which limited the opportunity to add sports. But the organizers said the inclusion of the four sports in Paris would not necessitate the construction of permanent facilities and would involve just 248 competitors, of which 32 would be in breakdancing. The surfing events
6、are likely to be held in established surf centres such as Biarritz or Lacanau in southwest France. The inclusion still need to be rubber stamped by the IOC, which is expected to decide on which sports to add in Paris after next years Tokyo Games. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。巴黎组委会主席托尼埃斯特古2月21日表示, 霹雳舞将在2024年巴黎奥运会上
7、首次亮相。文章介绍了将霹雳舞等运动纳入奥运会的原因、意义等相关信息。1. What do we know about breakdancing? A. It involves multiple skills. B. Its limited to group competition. C. It will show up in Paris 2024. D. It never appeared in the world events. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中Breakdancers use a mix of physical and artistic skills combinin
8、g elements from gymnastics or acrobatics. 可知, 霹雳舞者既使用体操又使用艺术技能, 将来自体操或杂技的因素结合在了一起。由此可知, 霹雳舞需要多重技能, 故A项正确。2. Why have Paris organizers chosen the four sports? A. Because they attract young people. B. Because they perfectly reflect Paris identity. C. Because they make Paris more urban and artistic. D.
9、 Because they can be played anytime and anywhere. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中We have chosen to present the International Olympic Committee (IOC) with the four sports because they are creative, appealing to youth and completely in line with our vision. 可知, 因为这四项运动具有创造性, 吸引年轻人, 完全符合委员会的愿景, 故选A项。3. What can we
10、 learn from Paragraph 4? A. 10, 500 competitors will compete for the new sports. B. More surf centers will be specially designed for Paris 2024. C. The IOC will reject the proposal because of inadequate facilities. D. The inclusion wont require additional competition space to be built. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。
11、根据第四段中But the organizers said the inclusion of the four sports in Paris would not necessitate the construction of permanent facilities and would involve just 248 competitors, of which 32 would be in breakdancing. The surfing events are likely to be held in established surf centres such as Biarritz o
12、r Lacanau in southwest France. 可知, 这项计划不需要建造永久性设施, 只涉及248名参赛者, 其中包括32名霹雳舞参赛者。冲浪比赛很可能在法国西南部的比亚里茨或拉卡诺等既定的冲浪中心举行。由此推知, 这项计划不会再需要重建额外的场地, 故选D项。4. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined words “rubber stamped” in the last paragraph? A. approvedB. canceled C. submittedD. designed【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据which
13、 is expected to decide on which sports to add in Paris after next years Tokyo Games可知, 国际奥委会将在明年东京奥运会后决定在巴黎(奥运会)增加哪些体育项目。由此推知, 前面应该指“增加这些比赛项目仍然需要国际奥委会的同意”。故划线词应表示“同意, 认可”这样的意思, 故选A项。【知识拓展】长难句分析The IOC had announced that the number of competitors at Paris 2024 would be restricted to 10, 500, which li
14、mited the opportunity to add sports. 分析: 本句为主从复合句。that引导宾语从句; which引导非限制性定语从句。翻译: 国际奥委会已经宣布2024年巴黎奥运会的参赛人数将被限制在10, 500人以内, 这限制了增加体育项目的机会。B“Two thousand meals packed, ” announced Stephanie De La Hoz. All 75 middle school volunteers cheered as they continued to package dried rice, soy, and spices. Tha
15、t was the scene at a food packaging event earlier this month at my school in Celebration, Florida. Rise Against Hunger, a global nonprofit, was founded in 1998. The organization provides millions of dried meals each year to people in need around the world. More than 800 million people worldwide do n
16、ot get the basic nutrition they need to be able to work or attend school. There are many causes to this food insecurity, including wars, natural disasters, and droughts. Rise Against Hunger seeks to help people rebuild their lives. “Every school is open to contact Rise Against Hunger to set up an ev
17、ent, ” explained Angela Wydra, PTA president of Celebration K-8 School. “Once you contact them, Rise helps organize every part of the process. ” Wydra initiated the volunteer event at Celebration. When members of Rise arrive at a school, they set up lines of student volunteers and explain exactly wh
18、at to do. Each student is given just one task, such as pouring cups of rice or sealing bags. If you get tired of a particular job, you can switch to another station. “You definitely have to work as a team, ” said Erin, a student volunteer. “It was fun. Before I knew it, we had reached another 1, 000
19、-meal mark. ” “Just getting out and laughing and working with my friends and family were really fun, ” said Bobby Spina, a middle school volunteer at Celebration. “I feel that I did a very important and nice thing today. ”Worldwide hunger has dropped from 24% of the population in 1990 to around 10%
20、today. Much of the success is linked to the efforts of nonprofit organizations and their volunteers, including Rise Against Hunger. 【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章叙述了一个全球性非营利组织“战胜饥饿”走进校园, 组织学生志愿者为世界摆脱饥饿尽一份力量的故事。5. In Paragraph 1, the author describes a food packaging event to . A. introduce the middle school volunt
21、eers in FloridaB. show what the school volunteers are doingC. report much food is provided for people in needD. introduce a global nonprofit Rise Against Hunger【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段“That was the scene at a food packaging event earlier this month at my school in Celebration, Florida. Rise Against Hunger
22、, a global nonprofit, was founded in 1998. ”可知, 描述学生包装食品的场面是为了引出文章的主题, 介绍全球性的非营利组织“战胜饥饿”。故选D。6. What is the purpose of the organization Rise Against Hunger? A. To get students to attend school. B. To help people build their homes. C. To help people in need with food. D. To allow people to go to work
23、. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句话“The organization provides millions of dried meals each year to people in need around the world. ”以及第二段的描述, 可知“战胜饥饿”这个机构给全球困境中的人们分发食物, 帮助他们摆脱饥饿。故选C。7. What does Rise Against Hunger do in every school? A. Help set up volunteer events. B. Train students to learn some job ski
24、lls. C. Instruct how to contact them. D. Give students some lessons. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段的描述“Every school is open to contact Rise Against Hunger to set up an event, . . . ”可知, “战胜饥饿”这个组织进入学校帮助建立志愿者活动。故选A。8. How do the students feel about their volunteer work? A. Tiring but rewarding. B. Fun and meanin
25、gful. C. Long and tiring. D. Short but efficient. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段的描述“It was fun. I feel that I did a very important and nice thing today. ”可知, 志愿者们觉得从事这个志愿活动感到很开心并且有意义。故选B。. 阅读填句Basketball is a great sport that is not only fun, but also brings children many benefits in different ways. 1Playing ba
26、sketball has physical benefits. Children are full of energythey need to move, jump and run constantly. Basketball will allow them to control that energy in a positive way. Its a full-body sport. 2 Since its a fast and dynamic sport, children need to follow the game and the continuous movement of the
27、 ball. The ball moves quickly from one side of the court to the other and the kids move at the same pace which helps improve both resistance and speed. Playing basketball has cognitive (认知的) benefits. Children who practice playing basketball develop skills that help them fight against opponents and
28、move around the court. This sport helps them increase their ability to concentrate. 3 Children will learn to assess surrounding situations and problems that may arise, and then find the best and fastest solution. The fast pace of the game encourages quick decision-making and stimulates their concret
29、e and abstract thinking. 4 Since its a team sport, basketball promotes sociability, coexistence and respect among peers. Its ideal for shy children because they will have to learn to interact with other players. This is important both to get better at the sport and to have more fun. They will also l
30、earn important values like cooperation, teamwork and competitiveness. 5 In fact, there are many other benefits. The most important thing is that its a very fast and fun sport. This tends to make the vast majority of children enjoy it. A. Playing basketball just has entertaining benefits. B. Playing
31、basketball has social and emotional advantages. C. These are not all of the advantages of playing basketball. D. This means that it strengthens muscles in their whole body. E. It also makes them more aware of the environment around them. F. This sport promotes healthy development in children for a n
32、umber of reasons. G. However, there are some disadvantages when children keep running on the court. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了篮球是一项极好的运动, 不仅有趣, 而且以不同的方式给孩子们带来很多好处。1. 【解析】选F。根据上文Basketball is a great sport that is not only fun, but also brings children many benefits in different ways. (篮球是一项极好的运动, 不仅有趣, 而且以
33、不同的方式给孩子们带来很多好处)可知, F项“由于许多原因, 这项运动促进儿童的健康发展”符合此处语境。原文brings children many benefits与F项中的promotes healthy development in children相对应。2. 【解析】选D。根据上文Its a full-body sport. (这是一项全身运动)可知, D项“这意味着它能增强全身的肌肉”符合此处语境。原文full-body与D项中的whole body相对应。3. 【解析】选E。根据下文Children will learn to assess surrounding situati
34、ons and problems that may arise, and then find the best and fastest solution. (孩子们将学会评估周围可能出现的情况和问题, 然后找到最好和最快的解决方案)可知, E项“这也让他们更加了解周围的环境”符合此处语境。原文assess surrounding situations and problems与E项中的aware of the environment around them相对应。4. 【解析】选B。根据下文Since its a team sport, basketball promotes sociabil
35、ity, coexistence and respect among peers. (由于篮球是一项团队运动, 它促进了同伴之间的社交、共存和尊重)可知, B项“打篮球有社交和情感上的优势”符合此处语境。原文promotes sociability, coexistence and respect与B项中的social and emotional advantages相对应。5. 【解析】选C。根据下文In fact, there are many other benefits. (事实上, 还有许多其他好处)可知, C项“这些并不是打篮球的全部好处”符合此处语境。原文other benefi
36、ts与C项中的not all of the advantages相对应。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. physical adj. 身体上的2. constantlyadv. 持续不断地3. dynamicadj. 充满活力的, 动态的4. courtn. 球场, 法院5. opponent n. 对手. 语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Last fall, Florida State football player, Travis Rudolph, made headlines. When he visited a middle school, he did
37、nt hesitate 1. (eat) lunch with Bo Paske, who often eats alone in his school cafeteria. Bo Paske is a young boy with autisma mental condition in 2. a person is unable to communicate or form relationships 3. others. Soon Rudolphs action 4. (pay) off, and he was just signed to the National Football Le
38、ague by the New York Giants though he had not been selected by any team before. Now Rudolph and Paske still keep in touch and 5. (develop) a heartwarming friendship so far. Paske and his mother were even invited to a large party 6. (hold) by Rudolph in West Palm Beach to celebrate the Giants signing
39、 announcement. “Were all 7. (extreme) happy for him, ” Bos mother, Leah Paske, told NBCs Today. “We spent the whole Saturday hanging out with everyone to wait for the 8. (encourage) moment. And when we finally got 9. news that evening that he had been signed, we were there for the 10. (celebrate) as
40、 well. When he made sure that he was going to the Giants, he was completely excited. ”【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道, 讲述了Florida State足球运动员Travis Rudolph上了新闻头条的故事。1. 【解析】to eat。考查不定式。句意: 当他参观一所中学时, 他毫不犹豫地和博帕斯克一起吃午饭。hesitate to do sth. 意为“犹豫做某事”, 故本空应用不定式作宾语。2. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。句意: 博帕斯克(Bo Paske)是一个患有自闭症的小男孩, 自闭症是一
41、种无法与他人沟通或形成关系的心理状态。本空引导定语从句, 修饰名词condition, 本空在从句中作介词in的宾语指物, 故本空应用关系代词which。3. 【解析】with。考查介词。句意: 博帕斯克(Bo Paske)是一个患有自闭症的小男孩, 自闭症是一种无法与他人沟通或形成关系的心理状态。表示“与某人”, 应用介词with。4. 【解析】paid。考查时态。句意: 不久Rudolph的行动得到了回报。根据句意及空后句时态可知, 本空应用一般过去时态。5. 【解析】have developed。考查时态。句意: 现在Rudolph和帕斯克仍然保持着联系, 到目前为止, 他们已经建立起一
42、种温暖人心的友谊。根据so far可知本空应用现在完成时态, 且句子主语Rudolph and Paske是复数, 故本空应用have developed。6. 【解析】held。考查过去分词。句意: 帕斯克和他的母亲甚至被邀请参加Rudolph在西棕榈滩举办的大型派对, 庆祝巨人队的签约声明。本空修饰名词party, 且party和动词hold之间是被动关系, 故本空应用过去分词held作后置定语。7. 【解析】extremely。考查副词。本空修饰形容词happy, 故应用副词extremely修饰。8. 【解析】encouraging。考查形容词。句意: 我们整个周六都和大家一起出去玩,
43、 等待这个鼓舞人心的时刻。本空修饰名词moment, 故应用形容词encouraging“令人受鼓舞的”修饰。9. 【解析】the。考查定冠词。句意: 当我们最终在那天晚上得到他签约的消息时, 我们也在场庆祝。根据句意可知, 本空表示特指, 故应用定冠词the。10. 【解析】celebration。考查名词。根据空前冠词the可知, 本空应用名词celebration作介词for的宾语。【知识拓展】长难句分析And when we finally got the news that evening that he had been signed, we were there for the
44、celebration as well. 分析: 本句为主从复合句。其中when引导时间状语从句; that引导同位语从句, 作名词news的同位语。翻译: 当我们最终在那天晚上得到他签约的消息时, 我们也在场庆祝。. 阅读理解(2020年山东新高考模拟)Heads up! Across the country, sports injuries are a safety concern for young athletes. Now, the American Medical Association(AMA)has a new set of guidelines aimed at protec
45、ting players from the danger of concussionsserious injuries caused by a blow to the head. “By raising awareness of the serious risks associated with concussions and ensuring that the appropriate guidelines are in place, we can reduce the number of young athletes who may return to the game too soon,
46、which can put their health at further risk, ”said AMA Board Member Jack Resneck Jr. , M. D. , in a statement. The policy recommends that young athletes who may have a concussion be taken off the field as soon as possible. Then, they are only to return to their sport with a doctors written approval.
47、The policy also sets age-specific rules for health care professionals and athletic organizations in evaluating and caring for concussions. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC), a concussion is a type of traumatic(创伤)brain injury caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head
48、or hit to the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth. This type of movement can cause the brain to bounce around or twist inside the skull(颅骨). It can damage brain cells and create chemical changes in the brain. The CDC says that between 1. 6 million and 3. 8 million traumatic brain injuries caused by sports and recreation-related activities occur in the U. S. every year. A study from the Center for Injury Research and Poli