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1、Unit 6,Section AGrammar Focus,被动语态 (Passive Voice),结构: be + V-p.p.,am / are / is +动词的过去分词,was / were +动词的过去分词,一般现在时的被动语态:,一般过去时的被动语态:,Many people speak English. (主动语态),English is spoken by many people,The naughty boy broke the window yesterday. (主动语态),The window was broken ( by the naughty boy) yest
2、erday.,We bought some books.,主动句与被动句之间的转换,Some books were bought ( by us ),主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语,主语 谓语动词被动语态的过去分词 介词+ 宾语,主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：,1. 把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。,2. 把动词变为被动形式即be+过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。,3. 原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它 的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。,4. 其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。,过去式被动语态的几种句型,肯定句 主语 + be
3、+ 过去分词 + (by),A sweet song was sung by her on the stage.,2 否定句 主语 + be + not +过去分词 + (by),3 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by)?,A sweet song wasnt sung by her on the stage.,Was a sweet song sung by her on the stage?,4 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by)?,Where was a sweet song sung by her?,被动语态的运用:（1） 不知道谁是动作的
4、执行者或没 有必要知道谁是动作的执行者时。The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. 这座房子太旧了，它是1950年建的。When will the road be opened to traffic? 这条路什么时候通车？,（2） 需要强调动作的对象即宾语时。Calculator cant be used in the math exam. 计算器不能用于数学考试。He was awarded first prize in that contest. 他在比赛中获得了第一。,有时为了礼貌等原因不愿说出行为者,这时也常用被动语态。The cons
5、truction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. 新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。You are requested to give a performance. 请你给我们表演一个节目。,（3）,When was the car invented?It was invented in 1885.Who were they invented by?They were invented by Julie Thompson.What are they used for?They are used for seein
6、g in the dark.,Read the sentences and pay attention to the underlined parts.,一般讲，被动语态可用于英语的各种时态。为了能准确地运用被动语态，重点是要掌握be动词的各种时态变化。各种时态的被动语态举例如下： 1、 一般现在时的被动语态： am / is / are + 动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned every day. This car is made in China.,2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词 His desk was cleaned
7、just now. The station was built in 1928.,The cake looks nice. Who made it?,It was made by my aunt.,How delicious the soup is! Who cooked it?,It was cooked by Mom.,What a beautiful card it is! Who made it?,It was made by ,How clean the clothes are! Who washed them?,They were washed by ,2. Somebody st
8、ole my camera from my hotel room.,My camera was stolen from my hotel room (by somebody).,3. Where did you take these photos?,Where were these photos taken?,4a Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.,4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone.5. Different writers translated the book into di
9、fferent languages.,We were advised by our parents not to go out alone.,The book was translated into different languages by different writers.,1. He wrote an article last week.,An article was written by him last week.,2. The people make history.,History is made by the people.,把下列的主动句变为被动句。,Exercise.
10、单项选择 1. Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. It _ in many schools around the world. A. teaches B. is teaching C. has taught D. is taught,D,2. We _ to close the windows before we left the lab. A. tell B. told C. are told D. were told3. Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible? Y
11、es. In fact, it _. Thats all because of the people and the factories around. A. polluted B. was polluted C. has polluted D. will pollute,D,B,. 将下列句子变为被动语态1. My parents bought me a computer last week. 2. We often hear the girl sing happily in her room. The girl is often heard to sing happily (by us)
12、in her room.,A computer was bought for me by my parents last week.,用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. The pizza was _ (make) by me. Would you like to have some?2. The Great Wall is _ (know) all over the world.3. This story was _ (tell) by my grandmother last night.4. Was a new science museum _ (build) in your hometown
13、 last year?5. No student is _(see) in the playground.,made,known,told,built,seen,6.Historyis_bythepeople.(make)7.Heisoften_todotheworkbythe teacher.(ask)8.Thebook_byhimlastyear. (write)9.Theradio_lastweek. (repair),made,asked,was written,was repaired,4b Complete the sentences with correct forms of t
14、he verbs in the box.The keys,were invited,were brought,was locked; rang,were told; broke,were eaten; liked,4c Write the correct forms in the blanks.The keys,was invented,was born,worked,learned,was invented,was said,is used,将下列各句改为被动语态He saved a lot of money this summer. 2. We spend large sums of mo
15、ney each year in painting the steelwork of bridges.,A lot of money was saved this summer.,Large sums of money is spent each year in painting the steelwork of bridges.,中考链接,【2015重庆B卷】 Our new library _ last year. We enjoy reading and studying in it. A. builds B. built C. is built D. was built,【2015广州
16、】Many houses _ by the earthquake and thousands of people were left homeless. A. damaged B. were damaged C. were damaging D. are damaged,D,B,【2015克拉玛依】 Did Jack come to our party yesterday?No, he _. A. didnt invite B. wasnt invited C. isnt invited D. hasnt invited,【 2015三亚】 Whos the baby in the photo
17、? Its me. The photo _ ten tears ago. A. took B. was taken C. was taking,B,B,【2014河南】When Tim _ why he was late for school, he just kept silent.A. was asked B. asked C. was asking D. is asking【2014陕西】Every day, too much water _ in our school. We should save it.A. is wasted B. wastes C. was wasted D.
18、wasted,A,A,【2014杭州】To my great surprise, the famous athletes story _ differently in the newspapers. A. was reported B. reported C. was reporting D. reports【2014嘉兴】 Tell me one thing youre proud of in your junior high school, Tony. I _ as captain of the school football team.A. choose B. chose C. am c
19、hosen D. was chosen,A,D,【2013陕西】The mobile phone has influenced peoples life a lot since it _. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented【2013广西南宁】 Han Hans books are popular. They _ by many teenagers. A. is read B. was read C. are read D. were read,D,C,【2012江苏南京】Yaxi, a quiet village in
20、Ganchun, _ Chinas first “Slow City” in November 2011. A. names B. named C. is named D. was named【2012 湖北黄石】You have to stay behind if your homework _ before five oclock. A. isnt done B. wont be done C. doesnt do D. wasnt done,D,A,【2011安徽芜湖】42. These days students in some schools _ not to use mobile
21、phones. A. askB. askedC. are askedD. were asked 答案：C 【解析】被动语态。主语students是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态；根据these days可知用一般现在时。,【2011雅安】20. A lot of trees _ on the hill yesterday. A. are planted B. will be planted C. have been planted D. were planted答案： D 【解析】由时间状语yesterday可知，用一般过去时，由trees和plant构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。,（2011江苏宿迁）We _ (ask) to help our parents do some housework every day. (2013山东威海)你能告诉我电话是什么时候发明的吗？ _,are / were asked,Could / Can you tell me when the telephone was invented?,