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1、高中英语高考英语名词笔记重点大全带答案单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）1、Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them from.A. destinationB. extinctionC. exhibitionD. institution答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，随着我们对鲨鱼了解的越来越多，越来越多的人想要保护它们免于灭绝。A. destination 目的地;B. extinction 灭绝；C. exhibition 展览；D. institution 机构
2、。根据前文 protect them from 等 句意可知，此处指保护鲨鱼免于灭绝。应选B项。2、Before getting on a coach, a train or plane, you must have the of your bag checked to make sure youarent carrying any dangerous things.A. detailsB. contentsC. ingredientsD. entrances答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在上长途汽车、火车或飞机之前，你必须检查一下包里的东西，以确保你没有携 带任何危险物品。A. de
3、tails细节;B. contents内容，所容纳之物；C.ingredients原料;D.entrances入口。由 语意可知，为了确保没有携带危险物品，你必须检查包里所装的东西。应选B项。3、 The of penicillin is very helpful in fighting against bacteria.A. generations. statisticC. nutritionD. discovery答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：青霉素的发现对对抗细菌很有帮助。A. generation一代；B. statistic统计；C.nutrition 营养;D. disco
4、very 发现。根据后文“of penicillin is very helpful in fighting against bacteria指青霉素的发现，应用discovery,应选Do答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学习很重要，但作为父母，我们最好不要给孩子太大的压力。A. personality性格; B. creativity 创造力；C. pressure 压力；D. advance 进步。由 Studying is very important 可知，父母不要给孩子 学习施加太大的压力。应选C项。31、The map shows the to the base of the
5、 mountain, which can be reached in an hour.A. routeB. prospectC. gesture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这张地图展示了到山脚的路线，一个小时就能到达。A. route路线；B.prospect前 景；C. gesture姿势。根据句中which can be reached in an hour”可知，地图应该是展示了到山脚的路线，沿着 这条路线，一个小时就能到达山脚，route意为路线，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。32 To make a team perform better, the coach has to
6、 know their and weaknesses.A. powersB. forcesC. strengthsD. energies答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让一个团队表现得更好，教练必须了解他们的长处和短处。A. powers能力；forces力量；C.strengths长处；D.energies能量。由名词weakness （弱点）可知，此处用名词strength。应选C项。33、Would you send me some of yours? I miss you very much!A. magazinesB. photosC. phonesD. works答案：B
7、解析：10 考查名词词义辨析。句意:你能寄给我一些你的照片吗？我非常想念你！ A. magazines杂志；B.photos照片；C phones ;D.works作品。由后文“I miss you very much!可知，因为非常想念,所以此处表示寄一些照片给我。应选B。34、（l）Having adopted a new method, they worked.（2） The teacher praised him for his working in organizing the conference.A. efficient;efficiencyB. efficiently;effi
8、ciency;C. efficiently;efficientD. efficient;efficient答案：B解析：考查形容词，副词，名词。句意：采用了新方法后，他们工作得很有效率。老师表扬了他组织会议的工作效率。A. efficient高效的（形容词）；efficiency效率（名词）；B. efficiently高效地（副词）；efficiency效率（名词）；C.efficiently高效地（副词）；efficient效率（名词）；D.efficient高效的（形容词），efficient高 效的（形容词）。第一空需要副词修饰动词worked；第二空需填一个名词作介词for的宾语。应
9、选B项。35、The media are filled with about what roles women should play in society.A. crisisB. conventionC. stereotypesD. substances答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：媒体充满着关于女性应该在社会中扮演什么角色的刻板印象。A. crisis危机；B.convention 习俗；C. stereotypes 亥U板E象；D. substances 物质。 由 what roles women should play in society 可知, 媒体对于女性应该在社会中扮
10、演什么角色，总有一个刻板印象。应选c项。36、A short from Cusco takes you from Andes into the Amazon rainforest.A. fightB. flightC. frightD. failure答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从库斯科乘坐短途飞机把你从安第斯山脉带进亚马逊雨林。A. fight打架；B. flight11飞行；C. fright 惊吓；D. failure 失败。根据takes you from Andes into the Amazon rainforest”可知，此处表示乘坐飞机。应选B项。37、The pri
11、nce lived in a large and beautiful.A. hurricaneB. castleC. petrolD. calligraphy答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：王子住在一座又大又漂亮的城堡里。A. hurricane飓风；B.castle城堡；C.petrol汽 油；D. calligraphy书法。根据常识判断可知，王子一般住在城堡里。应选B。38、请选出与单词resource匹配的释义。A.材料B.解释C.资源D.知识答案：c解析：考查词汇意思。resource意思是资源，应选C。39、Though college education leads to
12、more and better employment opportunities, it is not the only for asuccessful future.A. optionB. gorgeC. principle答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管大学教育带来了更多更好的就业机会，但它并不是一个成功的未来的唯一选 择。A. option选项，选择；B.gorge峡谷;C.principle原那么。根据句意可知,句中指大学教育并不是通向成功 的未来的唯一选择，由此可知，空格处应用option,意为选项，选择”，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。40、Sandra Oh, actr
13、ess of Killing Eve”, has the of being the first Asian woman to pocket a Golden GlobeAward.A. distinctions. discriminationC. descriptionD. determination12答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:杀死伊芙女演员吴珊卓（Sandra Oh）是首位获得金球奖的亚洲女性。A.distinction 荣誉,勋章；B. discrimination 区别，歧视；C. description 描述,描写；D. determination 决心，果断。这是一个A
14、ward （奖项），她成为首位获得此奖的亚洲女性，显而易见是一种荣誉，仅有A契合语境，应选Ao41、 Tom always turns to his father for help and he has absolute in his father.A. campaignB. cautionC. confidenceD. collection答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤姆总是向他的父亲寻求帮助，他对他的父亲有绝对的信心。A. campaign运动；caution 谨慎;C. confidence 自信；D. collection 收藏品。根据上文“Tom always turns
15、to his father for help可知，汤姆对他的父亲有绝对的信心，have confidence in sb.表示对某人有信心。应选C。42、 The local government has begun a in this city to cut down the traffic accidents.A. protestB. protectC. projectD. propose答案：c解析：考查名词和动词辨析。句意：当地政府在这个城市启动了一个方案以减少交通事故。A. protest抗议（动词或 名词）；B. protect保护（动词）；C. project方案（名词）；计划（
16、动词）；D. propose提议（动词）。根据 冠词a可知，设空处需填入名词，结合主语government可知，名词project方案符合句意。应选C。43、It is a great for me to work as a volunteer for the 2022 Winter Olympic.A. signalB. functionC. honorD. agreement答案：C 解析:13 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为2022年冬奥会的志愿者，我感到非常荣幸。A. signal信号；B. function功能;C honor 荣幸;D. agreement 同意。根据work as
17、a volunteer for the 2022 Winter Olympic.”可知，能够成为 2022 年冬奥会的志愿者感到荣幸。应选C。44、A popular saying goes, /zlt is easier to change the of a river than a persons nature/A. sourceB. courseC. textureD. perception答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：俗话说：改变河流的源头比改变一个人的本性更容易。 A. source起源，资源；B. course课程；C. texture纹理；D. perception知觉。
18、结合句意可知和一个人的本性能够并列的是“河流的源头, 填入source符合题意。应选A。45、 It is clear that in modern society high and demands are placed on students.A. motivationsB. expectationsC. opportunitiesD. achievements答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：很明显，现代社会对学生有很高的期望和要求。A.motivations动机；B .expectations 期望；C. opportunities 机会；D . achievements 成就。根据
19、demands”可知，现代社会对学生有 很高的期望和要求。应选B项。46、Here is a memo for your when you answer the phones.A. consultants. recommendationC. recognitionD. reference答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是一份备忘录，您接 时可以参考。A. consultant顾问；B. recommendation 推荐；C. recognition识别；D. reference参考。根据上文“Here is a memo for your”指将备忘录作为接 的参考，应用referen
20、ceo应选D。1447、 News of their safety came as a great.A. attempts. disasterC. emergencyD. relief答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们平安的消息传来，使我们松了一口气。A.attempt尝试；B.disaster灾难； C.emergency突发事件；D.relief抚慰。根据News of their safety came可知，他们平安的消息传来，使我们松 了 一 口气。应选D项。48 I want to know the sporting that catch the people/s atten
21、tion in China.A. accidentsB. eventsC. incidentsD. occasions答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想知道在中国吸引人们注意的体育赛事。A. accidents意外，事故；B. events事 件，体育工程；C. incidents事件；D. occasions时机，场合。根据sporting可知，此处是指体育工程。应选B。小提示：49、 Fifteen wild Asian elephants headed north and no one knew their.A. responseB. destinationC. failureD
22、. demand答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：十五头野生亚洲象向北进发，没有人知道它们的目的地。A. response回应；B. destination目的地；C.failure失败；D.demand要求,需要。该句是并列句，根据and前面的headed north可 知，没人知道它们去哪里。应选B。50、 My parents, words had a great on me. I decided to make every to learn English well.A. effect; effortB. effort; effect15C. creativity; punishm
23、entD. punishment; creativity答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父母的话对我产生了很大的影响。我决定尽一切努力学好英语。A. effect; effort 影响;努力；B. effort; effect 努力；影响;C. creativity; punishment 创造力;惩罚;D. punishment; creativity 罚;创造力。分析句子可知,此处为固定短语have an effect on sb.，意为对有影响；对起作用,产生效 果。make efforts to do sth.意为竭尽全力做某事句中every （每一个；每个）修饰名词单数形式。
24、应选A。51、I like reading poems, because poems can certain.A. convey; emotionB. convey; emotionsC. express; emotionsD. explain; emotions答案：B解析：考查动词和名词。句意：我喜欢读诗，因为诗歌能够表达特定的情感。A/B/C/D四个选项中的convey和 emotion意为传递；传达和情感；情绪。第一个空格处由前面的情态动词应填写动词原形，第二个空格根 据句意可知，不同诗歌传达的应是不同的情感，故应填写复数形式的名词。应选B项。52、To get the job, th
25、e had to make a short video showing how much they knew about the Great BarrierReef.A. operatorsB. candidatesC. conservationistD. manager答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了得到这份工作，应试者必须制作一个简短的视频，展示他们对大堡礁了解多 少。A. operators操作人员；B. candidates候选人，应试者；C.conservationist自然环境保护主义者;D.manager经理。根据前文“To get the job”可知，此处指应试者。
26、应选B项。53、 Xingyi is one of the most beautiful in Guizhou.A. citiesB. cityC. snackD. snacks16答案：A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:兴义是贵州最美丽的城市之一。city：城市；snack：小吃。根据one of +名词复数, 排除B,C,再由句意选择A。54 The government declared financial assistance would by those in the training courses.A. obtain;employeeB. be obtained; employm
27、entC. be obtained; employeeD. obtain;employment答案：B解析：考查被动语态和名词。句意：政府宣称资助将由参加就业培训课程的人士获得。由by可知，第一空处用被动 语态，would是情态动词，其后跟be done,因此第一空是be obtained；根据句意可知，training courses意为“就业培训课程,空格处用名词employment作定语,修饰training courses,应选B。55、Americans eat vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.A. more than
28、twiceB. twice as many asC. as twice as manyD. more than twice as many答案：D解析：考查倍数表达法。句意：美国人现在吃的蔬菜是他们在1910年吃的蔬菜的2倍多。根据句子结构和意思可知, 这里考查倍数表达法，倍数要放在比拟结构as+adj.+n.+as的前面，被修饰的名词vegetables是可数名词复数 形式，所以用many, 2倍多用more than twice表达。应选D。174、According to the result of a recent study published by Cambridge Univer
29、sity, such as stubbornness and shyness, have a major impact on learning.A. featuresB. personalitiesC. memoriesD. appearances答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据剑桥大学最近发表的一项研究结果，性格，例如固执和害羞对学习有重大影 响。A. feature 特征；B. personality 性格,气质；C. memory 回忆；D. appearance 外表。空后 such as stubbornness and shyness表示“例如固执和害羞，都是在对人的性格
30、进行举例，故空处需填名词personalities 表示性格。应选B项。5、Some students think they enjoy reading just out of interest, but others argue that a better score is their mainA. recognitions. attractionC. occupationD. motivation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些学生认为他们喜欢阅读只是出于兴趣，但其他人认为更好的成绩是他们的主 要动机。A. recognition 识别；B. attraction 吸弓| ； C
31、. occupation 职业；D. motivation 动机。根据上文A better score is their main”指更好的成绩是喜欢阅读的动机，应用motivation。应选D。6、 Students study at their own and the teachers seldom set tests.A. netB. outlineC. contestD. pace答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生按照自己的节奏学习，老师很少设置考试。A.net网；B.outline大纲； C.contest比赛；D.pace速度，节奏。根据后半句老师很少设置考试，可推断前面学
32、生都是按照自己的节奏学 习，应选Do27、 We stay in with each other by telephone.A. contacts. contractC. constructD. confuse答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们通过 保持联系。A. contact联系；B.contract合同；C.construct构想；D. confuse混淆。固定搭配：in contact with与有联系。应选A。8、The stronger the is, the more quickly a man will learn a new skill. In other words
33、, it is up to whether hehas an interest in it.A. motivationB. cooperationC. qualificationD. interaction答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：动力越强，一个人学习新技能的速度就越快。换句话说，这取决于他是否对此感 兴趣。A. motivation 动力；动机；B. cooperation 合作；C. qualification 资格；D. interaction 相互作用。根据 “whether he has an interest in it”可知，感兴趣就会有动力。应选A项。9、 I li
34、ke the style of his writing but I dont like the.A. confidences. flightC. contentD. track答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我喜欢他的写作风格，但不喜欢内容。A.confidence自信心；B.flight航班； C.content内容；D.track轨迹。根据句意以及转折关系可知，跟写作方面有关的就是写作的风格和内容。应选Co10、请选出与单词symbol匹配的释义。A.相似B.象征C.同义词D.原谅答案：B解析: 考查词汇意思。symbol意思是象征，应选B。11 Some department st
35、ores offer a 20% discount on food products six hours before the date on theproduct.A. packagingB. expirationC. composition答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些百货公司在食品保质期前6小时提供20%的折扣。A.packaging外包装；B.expiration 到期;C. composition 作文。根据offer a 20% discount on food products”可知,食品到期之前百货公 司才会打折，expiration date （食物的）有效期。应
36、选B。12、 He made a great to the development of the new medicine.A. challengeB. contributionC. characterD. concern答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：他对新药品的开展做出了巨大贡献。A. challenge挑战；B. contribution贡献；C.character角 色；D. concern担忧。分析句子可知，动作的对象是新药品的研发，结合选项这里应该指“他对此做出了贡献, 符合短语 make a contribution to。应选 B 项。13、Scientists want to
37、bring a chunk of the red planet down to earth on whats called a-return mission.A. sampleB. productC. seedD. ancestor答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们希望将这颗红色行星的一大块带回地球，进行所谓的取样返回任务。A.sample 样本；B.product 产品；C.seed 种子；D.ancestor 祖先。由前面的“bring a chunk of the red planet downto earth可知，是将这颗红色行星的一大块作为样本带回地球，因此空格处是样本。
38、应选A。14、Angela and Ajani will pick up the marriage after they meet online several times, which is not sensible.A. acquisitionB. identificationC. certificateD. qualification答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Angela和Ajani在网上见过几次面后就去领取结婚证，这是不明智的。A.acquisition 习得；B. identification 识别；C. certificate 证明；D. qualification 资
39、格。结合句意和句中“which is not sensible可推知，Angela和Ajani在网上见过几次面后就结婚领证，是不明智的行为。名词词组marriage certificate意为结婚证书，符合句意。应选C项。15、 Some of his teammates complained that he showed a lack of to the team.A. commitmentB. appointmentC. engagementD. amusement答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的一些队友抱怨说，他缺乏对集体的奉献。A. commitment承诺、奉献；B.app
40、ointment约会；C. engagement订婚；D. amusement娱乐。此处指队友抱怨他没有为集体奉献服务， commitment 符合句意。应选 A。16、 Anyway, whether they like it or not, they do give people a very good.A. impressionB. impressC. impressiveD. impressed答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：不管怎样，不管他们喜欢与否，他们确实给人们一个很好的印象。A.impression印象；mpress留下深刻印象;C.impressive令人印象深刻的;D.imp
41、ressed印象深刻的。a very good”后跟名词的单 数形式，因此空格处是“impression”,应选A。17 Mums Little Bank was used for sudden, such as the time when Christine broke her arm and had to be taken to a doctor.A. emergenciesB. proposalsC. functionsD. individuality答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈的小银行被用于应对突然发生对的紧急情况，例如当克里斯丁弄伤胳膊并 且不得不带去看医生时。A.em
42、ergencies紧急情况；B.proposals建议；C.functions功能；D.individuality个性。 结合下文例如当克里斯丁弄伤胳膊并且不得不带去看医生时可知，上文说的是突然发生的紧急情况， emergencies”紧急情况符合句意，应选择A项。18、 Though I was sure of my performance, Km still waiting for of the test results.A. confirmationB. missionC. institutionD. foundation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我确信自己的表现，但我仍
43、在等待测试结果确实认。A.confirmation确认； B.mission任务；C.institution机构;D.foundation建立。根据句意和语境，可知应是确认测试结果,应选A。19、The of this city are quite a few, like its theme park, the Huge Open-air Water-screen Film, the SundayParade of Citizens, and so on.A. collectionsB. attractionsC. relationsD. occasions答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意
44、：这个城市的吸引人之处有很多，比方它的主题公园、大型露天水幕电影、周日市 民游行等等。A. collections 收集；B. attractions 吸引；C. relations 关系；D. occasions 场合。根据后文“of this city are quite a few, like its theme park, the Huge Open-air Water-screen Film, the Sunday Parade of Citizens, and so on可知此处指这个城市的吸引人之处，应用collections。应选B。20、 A week-long celebr
45、ation leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the of the weeks events.A. antiqueB. durationC. highlightD. scenery答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为期一周的庆祝活动将以激动人心的番茄大战作为本周活动的亮点。A. antique古 董；B. duration 持续时间;C. highlight 最好的局部;D. scenery 风景。根据an exciting tomato battle”可知， highlight最好的局部符合句意。应选C。21、The only way to
46、 improve is through hard work and strong.A. confirmationB. registrationC. perseveranceD. significance答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：进步的唯一途径是通过努力和坚强的毅力。A. confirmation确认，证实；B.registration登记，注册；C. perseverance毅力；D.significance重要性。根据句意及常识可知，只有通过努力 和坚定的毅力才能取得进步。应选C。22、The post card is sent by.A. a friend of my fath
47、erB. a friend of my fathersC. my father friendD. my father friends答案：B解析：考查名词所有格辨析。句意：这张明信片是我父亲的一个朋友寄来的。根据句意分析，此处表达“我的父亲的 一个朋友，应用双重所有格结构，a friend of my father与我父亲的一个朋友，符合题意。应选B项。23、Everyone in the room burst out because of Jims funny story.A. laughterB. tearsC. cryingD. laughing答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为
48、吉姆的有趣的故事，房间里的每个人都笑了。A. laughter名词，笑声，常用短语burst into laughter表示“突然大笑；B.tears名词,眼泪；C.crying名词,哭泣,哭泣声；D. laughing名词, 笑。根据后文“because of Jims funny story”可知每个人都笑了,应用burst out laughing突然笑起来”。应选D。24、High-speed trains are seen as one of the new Four Great of China.A. AgreementsB. EnvironmentsC. InstrumentsD. Achievements答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：高速列车被认为是中国新的四大创造之一。A. Agreements同意；