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1、the Attributive Clause,Revision of,二、构成: eg. 正在读书的那个男孩叫Peter.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,一、概念,定从（即形容词性从句）是在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.,(who is reading ),The boy is reading.,(从句),The boy _ is Peter.,A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.,句子主干：定语从句：先行词：关系词：,A dictionary is a book.,which gives the meaning of w
2、ords.,a book,which,三、关系词的用法:,时间名词,地点名词,原因名词,前六后四,2. I live next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise.,whose,解析：句意：我住在一对夫妻的隔壁，他们的孩子经常弄出很大的噪音。本题考查定语从句，先行词为a couple, 由句意可知children与couple之间为所属关系，定语从句中缺定语，故用关系词whose.,1.This is the book_ I bought last week.,that/which,解析：句意：这是我上周买的那本书。本题考
3、查定语从句，先行词为the book, 定语从句中缺bought的宾语，故用关系词that/which.,专项训练,3.The day _ she was born was December 22nd.,when/on which,解析：句意：她出生的那天是12月22日。本题考查定语从句，先行词为the day, 定语从句中缺时间状语，故用关系词when.when相当于“介词+which”，根据“She was born on the day”可知，在which前加on, 构成on which(=when)引导的定语从句。,4. The reason_ man is different fro
4、m animals is that man is good.,(why/for which/that),解析：句意：人区别于动物的原因是人性本善。定语从句中reason作先行词时，定语从句由why/for which引导，也可换成that, 甚至省略。,5. He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of _ were published in the 1990s.,which,解析：句意：他写了很多儿童书，其中接近一半是在20世纪90年代出版的。本题考查定语从句，从句中缺少主语，此处关系词指代前面的books, 做介词of的宾语，故填which.e
5、g. The Greens have two sons, both of _ are college students. eg. Mr Wang, with _ help I finished the work on time, is one of the teachers that I love and respect.,whom,whose,* 难点：1.as引导的限制性定从的用法：当先行词受such, so, the same修饰时,常用as.eg.I have never heard such a story as he tells.,注：(1)定从suchas与结果状从suchtha
6、t的区别：,as,as,that,that,(2).当先行词由the same 修饰时，用that 引导定语从句和用as引导的定语从句意思不同。（但从句中省去谓语时，必须用as代替that） the same as 同类 the same that同一,eg. She wore the same dress _ her young sister wore. She wore the same dress _ she wore in Marys wedding.,as,that,2.先行词是物，用that不用which的情况：,（1）先行词为all, much, little, everythi
7、ng, nothing, none, few, the one等不定代词时（2）先行词前有the just, the very, (the) only, the last, the right等修饰时,（3）先行词是形容词最高级或它的前面有形容词最高级时 （4）先行词为序数词或者其前面有一个序数词（含last） （5）先行词既有人又有物时 （6）句子中出现过which或者who之类的词时,为了避免重复,要用that.,口诀：不日赘两婿,eg. All _ glitters is not gold. This is the very book _I want to share with you.
8、 This is the most beautiful park _I have ever seen. This is the second book _ I received today. She told me everything _she knew. We are deeply impressed by the teachers and schools_we had visited. Who is the man _is talking to your mother?,3.先行词是way,定语从句中，way 作先行词时，定语从句中缺方式状语时，使用(that/ in which)；缺主
9、语或宾语时，使用关系词(that/which)。,(that/in which),(that/which),4.where引导的定语从句中,eg. He has got into a situation _ it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.,where引导的定语从句中，先行词除了可以是表示具体地点的名词，还可以是表示抽象地点的名词（eg. job, life, situation, point, case, stage, activity等）,where,四、分类：限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句,形式上,作用上,翻译上,关系词,先行词
10、,，,，,修饰、限制的作用，不可省,补充、说明的作用，可省,前置定语,并列成分,n. / pron.,n. / pron. /一整句话,7 不用that或why,不能省略,10,as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别,1.位置which引导的从句只能放在主句之后； as引导的从句，可放在句首、句中或句尾。2.意思which既可代指先行词，又可代指整个主句的内容。相当于 “and this” 或 “and that”. 译为“这一点”。 as只能代指整个主句的内容。常带有“正如”之意，且已形成固定结构: as is known to all, as we all know（众所周知）, as
11、 we can see, as is reported, as is expected, as is said/mentioned above(如上所述), as is announced, as is often the case(情况常常如此),etc.,专项训练,1. Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, _ is quite unexpected.,which,解析：句意：到目前为止我们已经为贫困儿童筹集了5万英镑，这是我们始料未及的。本句中逗号后市非限制性定语从句，补充说明主句内容，应由which
12、引导，指代整个上句，意为“这一点”。,2. _ is known to us all, China has the largest population in the world.,As,解析：as 的常见固定搭配,1. (2014全国卷I, 67) Maybe you have a habit _ is driving your family crazy?,that/which,解析：句意：可能你有一种让你家人发疯的习惯。根据句子结构可知该空应是定语从句的引导词，先行词是a habit, 定语从句中缺主语，故填that/which.,高考链接,2. (2015全国卷I, 64)Id skip
13、ped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.,that/which,解析：句意：我将略过桂林附近，那儿对于寻求石灰岩山顶和漓江绿水的游客来说是一个梦想之地。本题考查定语从句，先行词为the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River, 指
14、物，且定语从句中缺主语，故填that/which.,3. (2016全国卷I, 65)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, _ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.,解析：句意：但是，我同熊猫的联系可追溯到二十世纪八十年代中期我做一档电视节目的日子，当时我是第一个
15、被允许拍摄一个照料在野生环境下被从饥饿中拯救的熊猫的特别单元的西方电视台记者。本题考查定语从句，先行词为the mid-1980s, 为表时间的名词，定语从句中缺时间状语，故填when.,when,4. (2017全国卷I, 70)Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, _ is not good for the health.,解析：句意：和其他东西一样，两者都有可能食用过多，这对健康是没有好处的。本题考查定语从句，设空处指代前面的一句话，引导非限制性定语从句，故填which.,which,5. (2018全国卷I, 6
16、6)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 _ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.,that/which,解析：句意：该报告的其中两名作者在2014年还发表了一项研究，这项研究表明每天只跑步5至10分钟便可以降低患心脏病或由于各种原因导致过早死亡的危险。本题考查定语从句，先行词为study, 指物，定
17、语从句中缺主语，故填that/which.,6. (2018全国卷I, 短文改错)They also had a small pond which they raised fish.,解析：句意：他们有一个养鱼的小池塘。本题考查定语从句，先行词为a small pond, 指物，代入后可知定语从句中缺地点状语，故应改为关系词where。where 相当于“介词+which”，根据“他们在小池塘里养鱼”可知，在which前加in, 构成in which(=where)引导的定语从句。而原句中which在定语从句中作主/宾。,They also had a small pond which they raised fish.,Summary,分析句子结构，确定主句，定语从句以及先行词,根据句意判定定语从句所缺成分，看先行词是人还是物,选出合适的关系词，然后还原从句核查,Homework,5年高考3年模拟题组训练P292-293,