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1、中考一轮复习语法必考点-倒装句和主谓一致精讲一倒装句定义：英语中，陈述句的正常语序是“主语在前，谓语在后”，但有时出于强调、平衡以及承上启下等需要，会将谓语的全部或部分放在主语之前，这种语序叫倒装语序，含倒装语序的句子叫倒装句。1. 初中常见倒装句结构及用法1）so+谓语系动词主语意为“某人或物也是如此”；表示上句的肯定情况也适用于下句的人或物2) so+主语谓语系动词意为“的确，确实如此”；表示赞同或强调前面所说的情况3) neither/nor+谓语系动词主语意为“某人或物也不”；表示上句的否定情况也适用于下句的人或物拓展：（1） “so+谓语系动词主语”与“so+主语谓语系动词”的区别：
2、两者均表肯定，前者的主语与上句主语不一致：后者的主语与上句主语一致。(2) 同义表达：“so+谓语系动词I”与“Me,too”同义：“neithet/nor+谓语系动词I”与“Me,neither”同义，如：I like the magazine named the English World very much. 我非常喜欢这本名为英语世界的杂志，So do I./Me,too. I have read it for many years. 我也是，我已经读这本杂志根多年了.（3）谓语的形式：须根据上句时态，句型的变化而变化，如：When I was five,I drew very wel
3、l.当我5岁时，我绘画很好。So did I.我也一样。【上句是肯定情况，下句须选so:上句中叙述的事发生在过去，下句须用一般过去时：上句中主句的谓语动词drew为实义动词，下句须用助动词did】二There be 结构定义：英语中，There be结构为“There be+主语其他”，表示“某地或某时有 . . . . ”，其中，There无实际意义，be须与后面邻近的主语和时间状语在数和时态上保持一致。1. There be 结构肯定式：There be(is/are/was/were)+主语其他否定式：There be(is/are/was/were)not/no+主语其他一般疑问句：B
4、e(Is/Are/Was/Were)there+主语其他？肯定回答：Yes,there be(is/are/was/were).否定回答：No,there be(is/are/was/were) not.There be结构的变式：1） There+情态动词be+主语其他2） There+seems/seemed to be+主语其他3） There+不及物动词（如：live、come、stand等）主语其他拓展：（1） 当There be结构的否定句主语被any/much修饰限定时，只能用“There be(is/are/was/were)not+any/much+主语其他”，如：There
5、 is some bread in this basket. 这个篮子里有一些面包。对应的否定表达为：There is not any bread in this basket. 这个篮子里没有面包。（2）There be 和 have的区别there be 强调“某地有某物或某人”，表示客观存在，含存在关系：have强调“某人或某地拥有某物”，表示主观拥有，含所属关系，如：There are some volunteers in the park. 公园里有一些志愿者。Well,we already have lots of oranges. 好吧，我们已经有很多橘子了.二者有时可相互转换，
6、但不能同时使用。如：There are many clubs in our school. =Our school has many clubs. 我们学校有很多俱乐部。(3) There be结构的另一用法：There be+主语doing sth. +状语，表示“某地或某时有在做某事”，如：There is a large screen playing a video of the teacher. 有一个大屏幕在播放这位老师的视频。拓展：Thene be结构中的“就近一致”原则：“There be+主语A+and+主语B”中，并列结构做主语时，be动词须遵循“就近一致”原则，即与离它最近
7、的主语A保持一致，如：There are big desks and a library.那里有很多桌子和一间图书室。3 主谓一致定义：英语中，主语的单复数形式决定着谓语的具体形式，这被称作主谓一致。1.并列成分做主语的主谓一致原则主语类别用法就远一致（together/along) withas well asA+ besides/but/except Bincluding/withoutrather thanlike向前看：谓语须与前面的主语A的单复数保持一致就近一致A oreither A ornot A but Bneither A nornot only A but also向后看：
8、谓语须与后面的主语B的单复数保持一致意义一致冠词A and+冠词 Bboth A and表示不同事物：谓语用复数冠词A and+B表示同一事物：谓语用单数2.特殊名词做主语的主谓一致主语类别用法集体名词强调整体时谓语用单数强调个体时谓语用复数单数形式表复数意义的名词people/police/Chinese/Japanese/. . .谓语用复数复数形式表复数意义的名词trousers/shoes/glasses/twins/. . .谓语用复数以s结尾的不可数名词news/maths/physics/the United States/. . .谓语用单数the+形容词分词指一类人或事物时谓
9、语用复数指某一抽象概念时谓语用单数the+姓氏复数指“一家人”谓语用复数3. 表数量意义的词组做主语的主谓一致主语类别用法含表示时间、距离、价值以及重量的名词短语常看作整体谓语用单数分数百分数of可数名词复数谓语用复数不可数名词谓语用单数a pair of+可数名词复数当pair前有冠词、表单数意义的指示代词修饰时谓语用单数当a pair变成 pairs时谓语用复数a number of+可数名词复数表示“许多”谓语用复数the number of+可数名词复数表示“ 的数量”谓语用单数one of+the/形容词性物主代词. . +可数名词复数表示“ . . . . 之一”谓语用单数定语从句
10、从句谓语用复数more than one/many a+可数名词单数表示“许多,不止一个人”谓语用单数拓展：当定语从句的先行词为“the only/very/right one of+可数名词复数”时，从句谓语动词须用单数形式4.不定代词或其他做主语的主谓一致主语类别用法不定代词little/much/either/neither/each/. . . 表单数意义谓语用单数both/few/several/many/. . .表复数意义谓语用复数some/any/all/none/. . . +可数名词表复数意义谓语用复数some/any/all/none/. . . +不可数名词表单数意义谓
11、语用单数复合不定代词谓语用单数动词不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句单独做主语谓语用单数由 and连接，表不同事物谓语用复数定语从句的先行词表单数意义谓语用单数表复数意义谓语用复数精练一完成句子1. My mother with her friends often_（go) shopping on weekends.2. -Did you see the headmaster in the hall this morning?Yes. He with some teachers_（wait) for the exchange students then.3. There are many o
12、ld people exercising in the park now. (改为否定句）There_many old people exercising in the park now.4. Is there a pet dog in your home?(变复数形式）_there_pet dogs in your home?二单项选择1. -I think you are different now.Of course, times have changed and _.A. so have I B. so I have C.neither have I D.neither I have2
13、. -They go to school early in the morning._A. So do Tom. B. So Tom do. C. So does Tom. D. So Tom does.3. If you go to the theater this evening, so _I.A.will B.should C.do D.am4. -Taian is a really comfortable city to live in._, and its world-famous for Mount Tai.A. So it is B. So is it C. So it does
14、 D. So does it5. -Jack went to see the man who was in hospital yesterday._.A. So did he B. So he did C. He did so D. Did so he 6. -What language is that guy speaking? I can hardly catch a single word!_. Hes from India, so I guess it is Hindi.A. Neither I can B. Neither can I C. So I can D. So can I7
15、. -Ive never been to Disneyland,Judy._A.So have I. B. Neither am I. C. Neither have I.8. -Where is Mr. Wang?He together with his students _Zhuyuwan Park.A. has gone to B.have gone to C. has been to D.have been to9. Mary_is my friend, as well as her sisters, _Chinese in China.A. that; are studying B.
16、 which; have studiedC.who;study D.who; studies10._is going to see the film Titanic again because this year marks the 100 years since the Titanic sank in the ocean.A. Not only Lily but also her parentsB. Lily,with her parentsC. Both Ben and DianaD. Neither Ben nor Diana11. Neither Tony nor I_interest
17、ed in playing Weibo.A.am B.is C.are D.be12. -Do you enjoy the songs sung by Jay Chou?Of course. Not only I but also my parents_his fans.A.am B.are C.was D.were13. Both Lily and Lucy_to the party yesterday, but they didnt come at all.A.were invited B.was invited C.invited14. -Maths_my favorite subjec
18、t, what about you?Physics_. I think its very interesting.A.is;is B.are;are C.are;is15. -Hi, I didnt see you at the party in the company yesterday evening.Oh,all my family_my sons birthday at home.A.celebrated B.have celebrated C.was celebrating D.were celebrating16. Fifty yuan_enough.A.is B.am C.are
19、17. How time flies! Well graduate. Three years_really a short time.A.was B.are C.is18. -Mum,_of my classmates_glasses.Oh, my god. You need to protect your eyes well.A. three-fourths;wears B.three-fourth;wear C.three-fourth;wears D.three-fourths;wear19. -How many girls are there in your class?-_them_
20、over twenty.A. A number of; are B. The number of; are C. A number of; is D. The number of; is20. -What_the number of the students in your school?About two thousand. A number of them_from the countryside.A.is;are B. is;is C.are;is D.are;are21. There_a number of books in the library and the number of
21、them_increasing.A.has;is B.have;are C.are;is D.is;are22. We all know that one of the worlds most popular sports _football.A.am B.is C.are23. -What would you like,coffee or tea?Either_OK. I dont mind.A. is B.are C.was24. Doing eye exercises_one of the useful ways to protect our eyes.A.is B.are C.were
22、25. I prefer movies_me something to think about.A.which gives B.that gives C.that give D.who give26. Dont worry. There_enough water,vegetables and fruits in the fridge.A.have B.are C.is27. There_more and more foreigners learning Chinese now.A.is B.are C.was D.were28. -Is there any out door leaming i
23、n your sehool?-_.We learm outdoors once or twice every month.A. Yes,there is. B. No,there isnt. C. Yes,it is. D. No,it isnt.29. There_a basketball game between these two grades in the gym this afternoon.A.will B. is going to have C.is going to be D.will have30. -_ there anything new in todays Qianzh
24、ong Morning Daily?No. But there_some inspiring stories worth reading.A. Is;is B. Are; are C. Is;are D. Are; is31.There_great changes in such kind of PDA(掌上电脑）in the last few years.A.has been B.have been C.has had D.have had32. There_a teacher and many students_games in the classroom.A.are; play B.is
25、; playing C.have; to play33. Our town has changed a lot,_.A. so his has B.so has his C.so is hers D. so has he34. I cant play the piano, and_.A. neither can my sister B.my sister cant too C. so cant my sister D. can my sister, either35. -Look! A woman with three children_crossing the street.Lets hel
26、p them.A. is B.are C.was36. -What would you like to have for supper?Either noodles or rice_OK. I dont mind.A.are B.were C.is D.was37. Andy,youd better not eat meat only, You should know milk and fruit_ good for you.A.is B.are C.was D.were38. -How many people are there in your group?Four. Three boys_
27、in our group this time.A. is B.are C.were D.was39. Its said that_of the water around the world_polluted.A.two thirds;are B.two thirds;is C.two third;are D.two thirds;have40. The number of the volunteers in our city_2, 000. And sixty percent of them_teachers and students.A.is; is B.is;are C.are;is D.
28、are;are 41. -Do you need more time to complete the task?Yes. Another ten days_enough.A.is B.was C.are D.were42. Not only you but also everyone here_watching football matches.A.likes B.like C.is like43. Look! This is our class photo. There_45 students in my class.A.has B.have C.is D.are44. There_some
29、 good advice about how to reduce air pollution on the Internet.A.are B.is C.have45. There_be a fashion show in our town tomorrow.A.are going to B.will have C.has D.is going to46. Look! There_a photo of our English teacher in todays newspaper.A.is B.are C.have D.has47. -My aunt said she called you ye
30、sterday morning, but there was no answer.Oh, we were at home. Maybe my husband with my daughter and me_my car in the garden.A.were washing B.had washed C.was washing D.washed48. Hou Yi Shoots the Suns_one of the most traditional stories in China.A.was B.is C.are49. For kids of this age, two hours of sitting in a classroom_too long.A.is B.are C.was D.were50. We each_WeChat nowadays,even the old people.A.play B.plays C.playing参考答案：一1.goes 2.was waiting 3.are not 4.Are;any 二1-5ACAAB 6-10BCADB 11-15ABAAD 16-20ACDDA 21-25CBAAC 26-30CBACC 31-35BBBAA 36-40CBBBB 41-45AADBD 46-50ACBAA13