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1、山东省日照市2020届高三英语一模试题（含解析）本试卷共三部分，共10页。满分120分。考试时间100分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。3.考试结束后，将答题卡上交。第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATEEN SUMMER LANGUAGECOMMUNITY SER
2、VICE&ZIP LINING TRIPDETAILSAge Range:14-16Trip Dates:6/27-7/05,7/09-7/17,7/21-7/29,8/02-8/10Tuition:$2,895(airfare not included)TRIP OVERVIEWPura Vida .Costa Ricas national motto meanspure life-and Pura Vida is exactly what youll experience as you explore the wonders of this tropical(热带），unusual par
3、adise.Spanish Classes in TurrialbaWell jump right into our adventure with morning Spanish classes in the green,beautiful town of Turrialba,surrounded by high mountains and thick forest.With the guidance of our Spanish teachers,we will learn useful vocabulary and use new tools to communicate with loc
4、als and absorb Costa Rican culture.Service with Local Organizations and Exploration of TurrialbaOur afternoons in the Turrialba area will be spent putting our new skills to the test as we spend time volunteering at a local childrens home,a senior home,and a center for native women.Well play games,ta
5、lk,and help the residents of each place with tasks(helping with homework for the young kids or cleaning for the seniors).On an afternoon off from service, well head to a local waterfall/swimming hole and hit the lively Turrialba market to collect flavorful local eats and perhaps some souvenirs.Manue
6、l Antonio National Park:Wildlife Tour,Beaches&Zip LiningFor our final days together we head to the Pacific coast to explore Manuel Antonio National Park and its astonishing wealth of wildlife and natural beauty.Well spend a morning flying through the trees on Central Americas longest zip line,and sw
7、im in warm,clear Pacific waters! A farewell dinner in San Jose and a final evening of Pura Vida with new friends will round out our rich and full Costa Rican adventure!1. The author mentions Pura Vida to_A. explain Costa Ricas national mottoB. analyze its Spanish meaningC. highlight the feature of t
8、he tripD. describe the paradise of Costa Rica2. What will the teens do in the mornings?A. Get familiar with wildlife in the park.B. Do volunteering activities in communities.C. Swim in warm waters of the Pacific Ocean.D. Sharpen your Spanish in open air classrooms.3. How will the Costa Rica adventur
9、e be ended?A. By having dinner together.B. By buying delicious local food.C. By collecting some souvenirs.D. By flying high above the trees.2【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一项去往哥斯达黎加的语言学习夏令营活动，详细介绍了时间、地点、费用、活动内容等等。【1题详解】推理判断题。提及Pura Vida的一段小标题是“旅行概述”，段中除了解释其含义外，也指出Pura Vida就是在探索这些地方时会体验到的东西，即说明这次
10、旅程的特点。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三部分的第一句“Well jump right into our adventure with morning Spanish classes in the green,beautiful town of Turrialba,surrounded by high mountains and thick forest.”可知，在早上学生们要在Turrialba小镇上参加课程，学习实用的西班牙语词汇和技能。D选项“在开放的教室磨炼西班牙语”符合文意。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据全文最后一句“A farewell dinner in Sa
11、n Jose and a final evening of Pura Vida with new friends will round out our rich and full Costa Rican adventure!”可知，旅行最后一天晚上将会由学生们和新朋友共进告别晚餐。故选A项。BSoon after Savannah Phillips got fastened into her window seat on a United Airlines flight from Oklahoma to Illinois this past May,she glanced over at he
12、r seatmate.He was in his 60s, wore bright yellow sunglasses,and was busy texting.The letters were unusually large and the screen was bright,making it easy for Phillips to read what he was typing out:Hey Babe,Im sitting next to a smelly fatty.It was like confirmation of the negative things I think ab
13、out myself on a daily basis,the 33-year-old mother wrote in a Facebook post after the flight.Soon tears streamed down her cheeks as she hugged the cabin wall,trying to make herself as small as possible.Sitting a row behind them and across the walkway was Chase Irwin,a 35-year-old bar manager from Na
14、shville,Tennessee.He could see the mans texts,too-and he could see Phillips.I noticed her looking at his phone,Irwin told .I was sick to my stomach.I could not have this guy sit next to her this whole flight and her thinking hes making fun of her, he told Nashvilles News Channel 5.In an instant,Irwi
15、n had unfastened his seat belt and was overlooking the texter.Hey,I need to talk to you,Irwin told him.We are switching seats-now.When the texter asked why,Irwin said,Youre texting about her,and Im not putting up with that.The texter agreed quicklyIrwin took his place next to Phillips and was soon c
16、heering up his new seatmate.He encouraged me not to let that guy get to me and that everything was going to be fine, Phillips wrote.And he was right.She and Irwin spent the rest of the flight chatting like old friends.With her faith in humanity restored,Phillips wrote on Facebook,The flight attendan
17、t told him that he was her hero.He wasnt her hero-he was mine.4. Why did Savannah Phillips weep?A. She sensed her seatmates unfriendliness.B. She was confirmed that her seatmate was ill.C. She was disgusted by the smelly seatmate.D. She felt embarrassed at her weight problem.5. What do we know from
18、Chase Irwins words in the third paragraph?A. He had a stomachache.B. He was familiar with Phillips.C. He liked Philips.D. He was kind by nature.6. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Philips didnt believe in humanity.B. Philips was grateful to Chase Irwin.C. Such heroes were needed in every
19、 flight.D. Flight attendants should deal with such incidents.7. Whats the best title for the passage?A. A hero of the attendantB. Humanity lost foreverC. A romantic encounterD. A journey of hurt and delight【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位女士在飞机上看到邻座的人对她的侮辱感到很难过，目睹一切的另一位男士主动要求换了座位，让这位女士感到欣慰。
20、【4题详解】细节理解题。从前两段的内容可知，Phillips看到了邻座老人在手机上发消息说旁边坐了个难闻的胖子，也就是在说她，所以感到委屈才哭的。A选项“她感受到了邻座乘客的不友好”符合文意。故选A项。5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段Irwin告诉媒体的话“I was sick to my stomach.I could not have this guy sit next to her this whole flight and her thinking hes making fun of her”可知，对于这样的行为，Irwin本能地感到不舒服，他也不能允许这种事发生，可见他的心地善良。故
21、选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。最后一段中Phillips表示“空乘人员说他（Irwin）是她的英雄。他不是她的英雄，他是我的英雄”，感激之情溢于言表。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。整篇文章讲的就是Phillips在一次航班中先是被人歧视，又得到了他人帮助的故事，她的心情也是从悲伤转而开心，D选项“一次由伤害和喜悦组成的旅行”包含了这些要点，适合作为标题。故选D项。CFrom dazzling costumes to loud music,Brazils carnival is known as the biggest show on Earth.Concluding on Jan 29,
22、Brazilian cities,including Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo,hosted over 7 million visitors.The week-long celebration is a top event featuring dazzling floats(花车），skilled dancers and giant parades(游行）。Think of the ceremony on a similar scale to Chinas National Day parade and youre on the right lines.The
23、epicenter of the event is the Sambadrome.It is a 700-meter-long stadium built specially for the carnival.Similar to a catwalk runway,the stadium can seat 70,000 people.The parade is made up of the excellent samba schools in the region,who compete against each other to create the best costumes,well-d
24、esigned dance routines and floats.These schools fight to be crowned carnival champions,by the judges on the final day of celebrations.This year the Gold Eagle samba school won the title for their 20-meter-high eagle float.Their dance routine and costumes also focused on the themes of power and commu
25、nity bonding.As well as the main parade,smaller street parties are often held all around Brazils other cities.Though not the main event,they are meant to be an open celebration for everyone and anyone to dress up,dance and listen to music into the early hours of the morning.But dont think theyre sma
26、ll village gatherings,as even these lesser celebrations can attract thousands.There is a significant history behind Brazils carnival.Carnival was originally an Ancient Egyptian festival to welcome spring and was later adopted by the Romans.They gave it a religious meaning,using it as a final celebra
27、tion before the fasting(斋戒）for Lent-a Christian belief.Today,the carnival period is used to celebrate the cultural heritage of Brazil and other former European colonies.These include many Caribbean islands like Trinidad,as well as Quebec,Canada,certain Indian regions,and the US,where it is known as
28、Mardi Gras.From small beginnings,the carnival has become an almost global celebration of culture and diversity.8. What do we know about Brazils carnival?A. It dates back to ancient Rome.B. It is celebrated for two weeks.C. It is a large and impressive festival.D. It attracts fewer people than Chinas
29、 parades.9. What is the Sambadrome designed for?A. The grand parade.B. Sports events.C. The costume show.D. Samba schools.10. Whats the main purpose of Paragraph 5?A. To tell the historical story behind the carnival.B. To describe what the carnivals street parties are like.C. To point out how villag
30、es are different in celebrating the carnival.D. To explain why street parties became the main event for the carnival.11. Why is the carnival celebrated in Brazil now?A. To welcome the start of spring.B. To pass on Brazils cultural heritage.C. To strengthen Brazilians religious belief.D. To unite wit
31、h countries around the world.【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了举世闻名的巴西狂欢节，被称为“地球上最伟大的表演”。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，巴西狂欢节被誉为“地球上最大型的演出”，覆盖城市和吸引的游客数目都说明了其规模巨大、影响力极大。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The epicenter of the event is the Sambadrome.It is a 700-meter-long stadium built specially for the carniva
32、l.”可知，桑巴大道就是为了狂欢节专门建设的，结构类似于T台，方便参加表演的队伍游行展示。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。第五段着重在描写小型的街道聚会，作为开放式的项目所有人都能参与进来，其规模也并不小，可达千人。B选项“描述狂欢节的街道聚会的情况”符合本段主题。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Today,the carnival period is used to celebrate the cultural heritage of Brazil and other former European colonies.”可知，如今举办狂欢节就是为了庆祝巴西的文化遗
33、产，是一种传统的传承。B选项“为了传承巴西的文化遗产”符合文意。故选B项。DShinrin- yoku meansforest bathing.Forest bathing doesnt mean you take a bath in the forest;rather,you simply go for a walk in the woods or a city park,where you slacken by using all your senses to experience nature.Yoshifumi Miyazaki,from Chiba University,is amo
34、ng a growing number of scientists who have begun studying the science behind the effects of nature on human health.In his book Shinrin-yoku:The Japanese Art of Forest Bathing,Miyazaki explains the techniques of forest bathing.Miyazaki has an interesting theory about why shinrin-yoku is so effective.
35、He points out that for more than 99,99%of the time,humans have lived in a natural environment.In fact,in 1800,only 3%of the worlds population lived in cities,and by 2016,this figure reached 54%. This is only going to get worse;officials predict that by 2050,66%will live in cities.This suggests we li
36、ve in our modern society with bodies that are still used to the natural environment,he writes in the book,becausegenes cannot change over just a few hundred years.The science behind the research studies he presents in the book makes a convincing case that forest bathing is an effective method for re
37、ducing stress in todays world.Now city planners are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of nature and are creating new kinds of parks”out of empty spaces.There re also more city gardens where people can grow vegetables.For kids,kitchen gardens in schools are becoming popular.As Miyazaki st
38、resses,you dont have to find a formal park or garden to practice shinrin-yoku. Instead,you can enjoy the effects of nature wherever there re plants.Better yet,he says,we can bring nature closer to where we spend most of our time.Miyazakis research has shown that just increasing the amount of plants
39、in a room can affect the relaxation benefits of the room.Whats more,even when people simply look at flowers,their bodies relax and stress levels decrease.12. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Behave.B. Entertain.C. Anticipate.D. Relax.13. How does the author mainly develop the thi
40、rd paragraph?A. By giving examples.B. By listing figures.C. By making remarks.D. By presenting research findings.14. Why does forest bathing work effectively according to Miyazaki?A. Human genes can change easily.B. Nature is part of the modern society.C. Human body can integrate into nature.D. Peop
41、le can always get excited in nature.15. Which of the following will Miyazaki agree on forest bathing?A. It is easy to operate.B. It is meant for gardeners.C. It is unaffordable in the city.D. It is inconvenient to practice.【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本千叶大学的一位科学家提出一种名为Shinrin- yoku的“
42、森林浴”活动，增加与自然的接触对人的身心健康是有利的。【12题详解】词义猜测题。从森林浴的形式以及下文它带来的对健康的好处来看，通过在自然环境中散步、用一切感官感受自然应该会让人放松下来。故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。第三段中为了说明城市人口占比的变化情况，列举了1800年、2016年及预测的2050年的百分比数值，使用的是列数字的说明方法。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三、第四段的描述，在这位科学家看来，近百年来人类的居住环境迅速变化，但基因中对于自然的适应性是不可能同步变化的，而森林浴这种形式对身心健康有益，正是因为人类的身体还适于生活在自然环境中。C选项“人体能融入到自
43、然之中”符合文意。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。从最后一段可知，森林浴这一形式并不难做到，只要在房间里增加些植物就能奏效，甚至当人们看到花朵时压力都会下降。A选项“这操作起来很容易”符合文意。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Offered praise needs to be genuine or it will not have its desired effect of rewarding._16_Parents can avoid offering empty prais
44、e by attending to and praising childrens specific skills, positive attitudes,and desirable physical attributes(特性）that parents wish to reward.It is important that parents praise children more for their effort than for their success. However,working parents live in a competitive world where they are
45、mostly rewarded only for their success_17_There are several reasons why this is a bad idea.,By choosing and praising only successful outcomes,parents communicate to their children that their praise is conditional,and that children will only receive love if theywin,As a result,children will feel less
46、 secure in parental love.Thats to say,children will possibly experience anxiety and other emotional problems. _18_19_Here is an example:Jamies mother notes that Jamie got a C(an average grade) on her math test this week.Instead of criticizing her daughter for not getting higher marks,she says instea
47、d,Jamie,Im so impressed with how hard you studied for that test this week.I saw you reading every night this week.”Even though Jamie may not have gotten anA”or aB”on the test,her effort towards studying are a vital foundation for her future success at math.Through her comment,Mom reinforced in Jamie
48、s mind that her parents are aware of and approve of her effort._20_Effectively used,praise should highlight positive things children do or the way children use the qualities or attributes they possess.Most importantly,praise should focus on childrens effort and perseverance.Practice makes perfect.A. How does an empty praise do harm to parenting?B. What does offering praise for effort look and sound like?