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1、名词性从句,合作探究指出下列引导词在句中引导的从句种类。Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows._Whether he will win is all the same to me._Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in pr
2、ehistoric times._That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language._,It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures._,合作探究指出
3、下列引导词在句中引导的从句种类。Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows._Whether he will win is all the same to me._Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric ti
4、mes._That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language._,It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures._,宾语从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从
5、句,主语从句,自主发现1,(1)以上各句皆为主从复合句，句中用了相当于_作用的从句(即名词性从句)在句中充当成分。(2)名词性从句在句中可作_的宾语(句)，动词的_(句)。(3)名词性从句在句中可作_(句)，且可用it作_主语，真正的主语从句置于句末(句)。(4)名词性从句在句中可作_(句)。,名词,介词,宾语,主语,形式,表语,一、主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句的用法和特点1主语从句,Whether the sports meet will be held is not certain now.运动会是否将举行现在不能确定。 How the book will sell depends on
6、its author.这本书销售如何取决于作者本人。Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference.我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。That she will do well in her exam is certain.It is certain that she will do well in her exam.她在考试中会做得好，这是确定无疑的。,合作探究,自主发现2,主语从句是指在句中_的从句，位置与陈述句的主语相同。若主语部分结构较长，可以使用形式主语_，把真正的主语从句放于后面。,作主语,it,2宾语从句,Everyone knows
7、 that the earth is made up of matter.每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。Is there anything wrong in/with what I said？我所说的有错误之处吗？These two areas are similar in that they both have high rainfall in summer.这两个地区相似，因为在夏天降水都很多。Im not certain whether the train will arrive on time.我不确信火车是否将会按时到达。,合作探究,自主发现3,(1)作_的宾语。(2)作_的宾语。
8、如：besides that .“除之外”；except that .“除了”；in that .“在于；因为”。(3)动态_后。形容词后跟宾语从句的用法只限于少数动态形容词，如sure(确信的)，certain(肯定的)，afraid(担心的)，confident(有把握的)等。,及物动词,介词,形容词,3表语从句,The question is whether we can finish the work in time.问题是我们是否能及时完成这项工作。You look as if you slept badly.你看上去仿佛没睡好觉。 The fact remains that we
9、are still not advanced enough.事实依然是我们不够先进。,合作探究,自主发现4,(1)表语从句在复合句中作_，出现在连系动词之_，一般结构为“主语连系动词表语从句”。(2)可接表语从句的_有be, look, remain, seem, sound等。,表语,后,连系动词,名师点津,(1)表语从句实际上是对主语进行补充说明，从句表达的是主语的内容。The fact is that he didnt notice the car until too late.事实是他注意到汽车时已经太晚了。(2)主句的主语是名词idea, advice, suggestion, or
10、der, request, requirement等时，表语从句应用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about this matter instead of setting it aside.我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这个问题，而不是把它放在一边。,二、it作形式主语的主语从句,主语从句中以it作形式主语的四种常用句型：,1It不及物动词或短语动词的适当形式从句,It seems that.好像是It happened that. 碰巧It has turned out
11、that. 结果It seemed that he had been to Beijing before. 好像他以前去过北京。,2Itbe及物动词的过去分词从句,It is said that. 据说It is reported that. 据报道It is believed that. 人们认为It is hoped that. 大家希望It has been proved that. 已证明It is said that he has read the novel.据说他读过这本小说。,3Itbe形容词从句,It is necessary that. 有必要It is clear tha
12、t. 很清楚It is (un)likely that. 很(不太)可能It is important that. 重要的是It is necessary that people should learn to face the reality.人们应该学会面对现实是有必要的。,4Itbe名词that从句,适用该句型的名词(词组)有：a pity，an honor，a good thing，a fact，a surprise，good news, ones duty等。It is a pity that you missed the sports meeting last week.很遗憾你错
13、过了上周的运动会。,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词的宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,名词从句常用的引导词：(1)从属连词：that, whether, if (连接作用，不作成分)；(2)连接代词：who(ever), what(ever), which(ever), whom(ever)(作主语，宾语，表语，定语等名词性成分)(3)连接副词：how(ever), where(ever), when(eve
14、r), why(作状语)。语序：名词性从句一律用陈述语序。,巩固内化1,单句语法填空/完成句子_ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel._ he had met a kind librarian in the city library gave us no surprise.Every year，_ will win a prize in the Kite Festival.每年制作出最漂亮风筝的人都会在风筝节上获奖。_ surprised everyone present.他所说的话让在场每一个人吃惊。,巩固内化1,单句
15、语法填空/完成句子_ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel._ he had met a kind librarian in the city library gave us no surprise.Every year，_ will win a prize in the Kite Festival.每年制作出最漂亮风筝的人都会在风筝节上获奖。_ surprised everyone present.他所说的话让在场每一个人吃惊。,How,That,whoever makes the most beautiful kite
16、,What he had said,巩固内化2,单句语法填空/完成句子We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _ it used to charge.She asked me _ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt.Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing _ she was heading.I
17、dont know _.我不知道我的行李可以放在哪里。We discussed _to buy a new house.我们讨论该不该用这笔钱买套新房子。,巩固内化2,单句语法填空/完成句子We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _ it used to charge.She asked me _ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt.Jane moved aimlessly
18、down the tree-lined street, not knowing _ she was heading.I dont know _.我不知道我的行李可以放在哪里。We discussed _to buy a new house.我们讨论该不该用这笔钱买套新房子。,what,whether,where,where I can place my luggage,whether we should use the money,巩固内化3单句语法填空,The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely f
19、ree from dust.From space, the earth looks blue.This is _ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.,巩固内化3单句语法填空,The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust.From space, the earth looks blue.This is _ about seventy-one percent of its surface i
20、s covered by water.,that,because,巩固内化4完成句子,It seems that _看起来他们会赢得这场比赛。It is suggested _.有人建议会议应当延期。_ we take exercise every day.我们每天锻炼是有必要的。_ English is being accepted as an international language.英语正在被人们接受为国际语言，这是事实。,they will win the game,that the meeting (should) be put off,It is necessary that,It is a fact that,