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1、.绝密启用前2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语注意事项：1答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。3考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力共两节,满分 30 分做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出
2、最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15.答案是 C。1.What will James do tomorrow?A.Watch a TV program.B.Give a talk.C.Write a report.2.What can we say about the woman?A.Shes generous.B.Shes curious.C.Shes helpful.3.When does the train leave?A.At 6:30.A.By car.A.Cl
3、assmates.B.At 8:30.B.On foot.C.At 10:30.C.By bike.4.How does the woman go to work?5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?B.Teacher and student.C.Doctor and patient.第二节共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分,满分 22.5 分听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后,各
4、小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料,回答第 6、7 题。6.What does the woman regret?A.Giving up her research.B.Dropping out of college.C.Changing her major.7.What is the woman interested in studying now?A.Ecology.听第 7 段材料,回答第 8、9 题。8.What is the man?1/10B.Education.C.Chemistry.B.9.18.C.9.15.A.A hotel manager
5、.B.A tour guide.C.A taxi driver.9.What is the man doing for the woman?A.Looking for some local foods.B.Showing her around the seaside.C.Offering information abouta hotel.听第 8 段材料,回答第 10 至 12 题。10.Where does the conversation probably take place?A.In an office.B.At home.C.At a restaurant.11.What will
6、the speakers do tomorrow evening?A.Go to a concert.B.Visit a friend.C.Work extra hours.12.Who is Alice going to call?A.Mike.B.Joan.C.Catherine.听第 9 段材料,回答第 13 至 16 题。13.Why does the woman meet the man?A.To look at an apartment.B.To deliver some furniture.C.To have a meal together.14.What does the wo
7、man like about the carpet?A.Its color.B.Itsdesign.C.Its quality.15.What does the man say about the kitchen?A.Its a good size.B.Itsnewly painted.C.Itsadequately equipped.16.What will the woman probably do next?A.Go downtown.B.Talk with her friend.C.Make payment.听第 10 段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。17.Who is the s
8、peaker probably talking to?A.Movie fans.B.News reporters.C.College students.18.When did the speakertake English classes?A.Before he left his hometown.B.After he came to America.C.When he was 15 years old.19.How does the speaker feel about his teacher?A.Hes proud.B.Hes sympathetic.C.Hes grateful.20.W
9、hat does the speaker mainly talk about?A.How education shaped his life.B.How his language skills improved.C.How he managed his business well.第二部分阅读理解共两节,满分 40 分第一节共 15 小题；每小题 2 分,满分 30 分阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A AWashington,D.C.Bicycle ToursWashington,D.C.Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bik
10、e Tour in Washington,D.C.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.2/10.Duration:3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees withbeautiful flowers of Washington,D.C.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the treesand the famous monuments where t
11、hey blossom.Reserve your spot before availability and thecherry blossoms disappear!Washington Capital Monuments BicycleTourWashington Capital Monuments BicycleTourDuration:3 hours Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington,D.C.Explorethe monuments and memorials
12、 on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and historyat each stop.Guided tour includes bike,helmet,cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.Duration:3 hoursMorning or Afternoon,this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C
13、.newcomers and locals lookingto experience Washington,D.C.in a healthy waywith minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides willentertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents,Congress,memorials,and parks.Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route make cycling between the sites fun and relaxi
14、ng.Washington Capital Sites at NightBicycleTourWashington Capital Sites at NightBicycleTourDuration:3 hours Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington,D.C.Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the NationalMall
15、.Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history.Tour includes bike,helmet,andbottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests andsafety lights.21.Which tour do youneed to book in advance?A.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.B.Washington Capi
16、tal Monuments Bicycle Tour.C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington,D.C.D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A.Meet famous people.B.Go toa national park.C.Visitwell-known museums.D.Enjoy interesting stories.23.Which of the following does th
17、ebicycletour at night provide?A.City maps.B.Cameras.C.Meals.D.Safety lights.B BGood Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare deliciousand nutritious meals on a tight budget.InSa
18、ve Money:Good Food,she visits a different home each week and with the help of chefMatt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste,while preparing recipes for under53/10.per family a day.And theGood Morning Britain presenter says shes been able to put a lot ofwhat shes learnt into practice i
19、n her own home,preparing meals for sons,Sam,14,Finn,13,and Jack,11.We love Mexican churros,so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,she explains.I pay5 for a portion,but Matt makes them for 26p a portion,becausethey are flour,water,sugar and oil.Everybody canbuy takeaway f
20、ood,but sometimes were notaware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.The eight-part series,Save Money:Good Food,follows in the footsteps of ITVsSave Money:Good Health,which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range ofhealth products on the market.With food our biggest weekly
21、 household expense,Susanna and Matt spend time with a differentfamily each week.In tonights Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of somedelicious inspiration on a budget.The team transformsthe familys long weekend of celebrationwith less expensive but still tasty recipes.24.What d
22、o we know about Susanna Reid?A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests.B.She has started a new programme.C.She dislikes working early in the morning.family.25.How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A.He buys cooking materials for her.B.He prepares food for her kids.C.He assists her in cooking matters.D.He in
23、vitesguest families for her.26.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.B.Provide some advice forthe readers.C.Add some background information.D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.27.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Keeping Fit by Eating Smart
24、C.MakingYourself a Perfect ChefB.Balancing Our Daily DietD.Cooking Well for LessCLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years,but in recent times there hasbeen less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small,tightly knit groups developed t
25、heir own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago,when the world had just five to ten millionpeople,they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards,many of those people started settling down to become farmers,and theirlanguages
26、toobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsoryeducation,especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all havecausedmany languages to disappear,and dominant languag
27、es such as English,Spanish and Chineseare increasingly taking over.At present,the world has about 6,800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugelyuneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages,often spoken by manypeople,while hot,wet zones have lots,often spoke
28、n by small numbers.Europe has only around4/10D.She has had a tight budget for her.200 languages;the Americas about 1,000;Africa 2,400;and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200,of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number of speakersis a mere6,000,which means that half th
29、e worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction,withonly a fewelderly speakers left.Pick,at random,Busuu in Cameroon,Chiapaneco in Mexico,Lipan Apache in the United States or Wadjigu in Australia:none of these seem
30、s to have muchchance of survival.28.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A.They developed very fast.C.They had similar patterns.A.Complex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modern.30.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A.About 6,800.C.About 2,400.B.About3,40
31、0.D.About1,200.B.They were large in number.D.They were closely connected.29.Which of the following best explains dominant underlined in paragraph 2?31.Whatis the main idea of the text?A.New languages will be created.B.Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.C.Human development results in fewer
32、 languages.D.Geography determines language evolution.DWe may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight ofsomething shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices well aftertheygo out of style.Thatsbad newsfor the environment and our walletsa
33、s theseoutdated devicesconsume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues atthe Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each productthroughout its lifefr
34、om when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device.This methodprovided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s.Devices were groupedby generation.Desktop computers,basic mobile phones,and box-set TVs defined1992.Digitalcamerasarrived on the scene in 1997.And M
35、P3 players,smartphones,and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002,beforetablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices,however,we didnt throw out our old ones.The living-roomtelevision is replaced and gets planted in the kids room,and suddenly one day,you have a TVin every room of the
36、 house,said one researcher.The average number of electronic devices rosefrom four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.Were not just keeping these old deviceswe continueto use them.According to the analysis ofBabbitts team,old desktop monitors and box TVs withcathode ray tubes are the worst devices w
37、ith their energy consumption and contribution togreenhouse gas emissions more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution?The teams data only went up to 2007,but the researchersalso explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that servemo
38、re than one function,such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing.They found that more5/10.on-demand entertainment viewing on tabletsinstead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energyconsumption by 44%.32.Whatdoes the authorthink ofnew devices?A.They are environment-friendly.B.They are no
39、better than the old.C.They cost more to use at home.D.They go out of style quickly.33.Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?A.To reduce the cost of minerals.B.To test the life cycle of a product.C.To update consumers on new technology.D.To find outelectricity consumption of the devices.34.Which
40、 of the following uses the least energy?A.The box-set TV.B.The tablet.C.The LCD TV.D.The desktop computer.35.What does the text suggest people do aboutold electronic devices?A.Stop using them.B.Take them apart.C.Upgrade them.D.Recycle them.第二节共 5 小题；每小题 2 分,满分 10 分根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项
41、为多余选项。Color is fundamental in home design something youll always have in every room.A graspof how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms youll loveto live in.Do you want a room thatsfull of life?Professional?Or are you just looking fora place to relax after a long
42、 day?36,color is the key to making a room feel the way you wantit to feel.Over the years,there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approachthis important point.37,they can get a little complex.But good news is that there re reallyonly three kinds of decisions you need to mak
43、e about color in your home:the small ones,the mediumones,and the large ones.38.Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows,mirrors and baskets that mostof us use to add visual interest to our rooms.Less tiring than painting your walls and lessexpensive than buying a colorful sofa,small color
44、 choices bring with them the significant benefitof being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas,dinner tables or bookshelves.39.They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones,and they have a more powerful effecton the feeling of a space.The large colo
45、r decisions in your rooms concern the walls,ceilings,and floors.Whetheryoure looking at wallpaper or paint,the time,effort and relative expense put into it aresignificant.40.A.While all of them are usefulB.Whatever youre looking forC.If youre experimenting with a colorD.Small color choices are the o
46、nes were most familiar withE.Its not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF.So it pays to be sure,because you want to get it right the first timeG.Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways6/10.第三部分语言知识运用共两节,满分 45 分第一节共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分阅读下面
47、短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。During my second year at the city college,I was told that the education department was offeringa free course,called Thinking Chess,for three credits.I 41the idea of taking the classbecause,after all,who doesnt want to 42 a few d ollars?More than that,Id al
48、ways wantedto learn chess.And,even if I werent 43 enough about free credits,news about our44wasappealing enough to me.He was an international grandmaster,which 45 I would be learningfrom one of the games 46 .I could hardly wait to47 him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart,a former graduate returning t
49、o teach,and this48was no game for him;he meant business.In his introduction,he made it 49that our credits would be hard-earned.In order to 50 the class,among other criteria,wehad to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professionsand,52 ,to our lives.I manage
50、d to get an A in that 53 and learned life lessons that haveserved me well beyond the 54 .Ten years after my chess class with Ashley,Im still putting to use what he 55 me:Theabsolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 .Onevery single move youhave to 58 a situa