《语法入门之句子成分.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《语法入门之句子成分.pdf（21页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、.一一语语法入门之句子成分与搭配法入门之句子成分与搭配1 1句子成分句子成分例句：Iamagirl.主语谓语定冠词宾语Heishappy.主语谓语表语Youseeclearly.主语谓语状语Yesterday，Iateanbigapple.(时间状语定语讲解：主语：发出谓语动作的人，即全句的描述对象，词性为名词。谓语：分为 be 动词是 和实义动词吃、喝等，词性为动词。以上两种成飞为构成一个句子所必须的宾语：谓语动词的承受对象，词性为名词。状语：分为时间状语、地点状语等。为一个句子限制某些条件或作补充说明。定语：修饰主语或宾语，词性为形容词。表语：紧跟 be 动词后面，词性为形容词。.word
2、.zl.自己尝试看一些文章中的句子，并试着多分析句子构造。2 2常用语法与句子搭配常用语法与句子搭配1 1 感官动词感官动词(see(see、hearhear、noticenotice、findfind、feelfeel、listen tolisten to、look at)+dolook at)+do例句：I like watching monkeys jump.我喜欢看猴子们跳。2 2比拟级比拟级 andand 比拟级比拟级 表示越来越怎么样表示越来越怎么样3 3 a piece of cake=easya piece of cake=easy 小菜一碟表示容易小菜一碟表示容易4 4 ag
3、ree with sb.agree with sb.赞成某人赞成某人例句：I are agree with you.我赞成你的说法5 5all kinds ofall kinds of 各种各样各种各样 a kind ofa kind of 一样一样6 6allall overover thethe worldworld=thethe wholewhole worldworld 整个世界整个世界 7 7alongalong withwith同一道，伴随同一道，伴随例句:I will go along with you.我将和你一起去The students planted trees alon
4、g with their teachers.学生同教师们一起种树8.As soon as8.As soon as 一就一就9.as you can see9.as you can see 你是知道的你是知道的10.10.ask for 求助；向要直接想要的东西ask for 求助；向要直接想要的东西例句:Ask you for my book.向你要我的书。11.ask sb for sth11.ask sb for sth 向某向某人什么人什么 12.ask sb to do sth12.ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事询问某人某事ask sb not to doask sb
5、not to do 叫某人不要做某事叫某人不要做某事13.at the age of13.at the age of 在岁时在岁时例句：I am at the age of sixteen.我在十六岁时。14.at the beginning14.at the beginning.word.zl.ofof 的起初；的开场的起初；的开场 15.at15.at thethe endend ofof+地点地点/+/+时间时间最后；尽头；末尾最后；尽头；末尾例句:At the end of the day.一天的尽头。16.at this time of year16.at this time of
6、year 在在每年的这个时候每年的这个时候 17.be/feel confident of sth/that clause+17.be/feel confident of sth/that clause+从句从句感觉感觉/对什么有信心，自信对什么有信心，自信例句:I am/feel confident of my spoken English.我对我的英语口语很有自信。I feel that I can pass the test.我对我能通过测试有自信。18.be+18.be+doing(doing(表：表：1 1 现在进展时现在进展时 2 2 将来时将来时)19.be able to(+v
7、19.be able to(+v 原原)=can(+v)=can(+v 原原 能够能够例句:She is able to sing=She can sing.她能够唱歌。2020be able to do sthbe able to do sth 能够干什么能够干什么2121be afraid to do/of sthbe afraid to do/of sth 恐惧，害怕恐惧，害怕例句:Im afraid to go out at night.我害怕晚上出去。Im afraid of dog.我害怕狗。2222 be allowed to dobe allowed to do 被允许做什么被
8、允许做什么 例句:Im allowed to watch TV我被允许看电视I should be allowed to watch TV 我应该被允许看电视23.be angry with sb23.be angry with sb 生某人的气生某人的气例句:Dont be angry with me.不要生我的气。24.be angry with(at)24.be angry with(at)sb for doing sthsb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气为什么而生某人的气25.25.be as原级asbe as原级as 和什么一样和什么一样.word.zl.例句:Sh
9、e is as tall as me.她和我一样高26.be ashamed to26.be ashamed to 对感到羞愧对感到羞愧27.be away from27.be away from 远离远离28.be away from28.be away from 从离开从离开 29.be bad for29.be bad for 对什么有害对什么有害例句:Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes.在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好30.be born30.be born 出生于出生于31.be busy doing sth31.be busy do
10、ing sth 忙于做什么事忙于做什么事be busy with sthbe busy with sth 忙于忙于32.be careful32.be careful 留神；小心留神；小心33.33.be different frombe different from 和什么不一样和什么不一样34.be famous for34.be famous for 以著名以著名35.be friendly to sb35.be friendly to sb 对某人友好对某人友好36.be from=e from36.be from=e from 来自来自例句：He is from Beijing=He
11、 es from Beijing.他来自。37.be full of37.be full of装满的装满的 be filled withbe filled with 充满充满例句:The glass is full of water 装满水的玻璃杯The glass is filled with water 这 个 玻 璃 杯 充 满 水 38.38.bebeglad+to+do/glad+to+do/从句从句39.be going to+v(39.be going to+v(原原 表示将来时表示将来时 40.be good at(+doing)=do40.be good at(+doing)
12、=dowell inwell in 在某方面善长在某方面善长,善于41善于41.be good for.be good for 对什么有好处对什么有好处例句:Reading aloud is good for your English大声朗读对你的英.word.zl.语有好处 42.be happy to do42.be happy to do 很快乐做某事很快乐做某事43.be helpful to sb43.be helpful to sb对某人有好处对某人有好处 例句:Reading aloud is helpfulto you 大声朗读对你有好处Exercising is helpfu
13、l to your body 锻炼对你的身体有好处44.be in good health44.be in good health 身体安康身体安康45.be in trouble45.be in trouble 处于困难中处于困难中例句:She is in trouble她处于困难之中 46.be interested in46.be interested in对某对某方面感兴趣方面感兴趣47.be late for=e late to47.be late for=e late to 迟到迟到例句:Be late for class 上课迟到48.be like48.be like 像像例句
14、:Im like my mother 我像我妈妈。49.be mad at49.be mad at 生某人的气生某人的气50.50.bebe mademade fromfrom 由制成由制成(制成以后看不见原材料制成以后看不见原材料)51.)51.bebemade ofmade of 由制成由制成(制成以后还看得见原材料制成以后还看得见原材料)52.be not sure52.be not sure 表不确定表不确定 53.be on a visit to53.be on a visit to 参观参观54.be popular with sb54.be popular with sb 受某人
15、欢送受某人欢送55.be quiet55.be quiet 安静安静56 be short for 的缩写56 be short for 的缩写 57.be sick in bed57.be sick in bed 生病在床生病在床58.be sorry to do sth58.be sorry to do sth 抱歉做某事抱歉做某事be sorry for sbbe sorry for sb 对某人抱歉对某人抱歉 59.59.be sorry to hear thatbe sorry to hear that 我很抱歉我很抱歉听到这个听到这个60.be sorry to trouble s
16、b60.be sorry to trouble sb 我很抱歉麻烦你 61.be strict in doing sth61.be strict in doing sth.word.zl.严格于做某事严格于做某事 62.be strict with sb62.be strict with sb 对某人要求严格对某人要求严格例句:Some students are not strict with them selves这些学生对自己不严格63.be strict with sb in sth63.be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格某方面对某人严格64.be sup
17、posed to do64.be supposed to do 被要求干什么被要求干什么65.be sure65.be sure 表确定表确定66.be sure of doing sth66.be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心对做某事有信心例句:I am sure of learning English well 我对学英语有信心。67.be67.besure of sthsure of sth 对做某事有信心对做某事有信心例句:Im sure of my head(my teacher)我相信我的大脑教师68.be sure that sth68.be sure th
18、at sth 对做某事有信心对做某事有信心例句:Im sure that he can pass the test 我相信他能通过考试69.be sure to do sth69.be sure to do sth 一定会做某事一定会做某事例句:We are sure to pass the test 我们一定会通过这次考试We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语70.be terrified of+70.be terrified of+名名/动动doingdoing 害怕害怕71.be terrified to do sth71.be terri
19、fied to do sth 害怕做某事害怕做某事 72.72.be the same as be the same as 和什么和什么一样一样73.73.bebe usedused toto doingdoing sthsth 习惯做某事习惯做某事例句:My father is used togetting up early我爸爸习惯早起床.word.zl.He is used to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉74.be worth doing74.be worth doing 值得做什么值得做什么75.be(feel)afraid to do sth75.be(fe
20、el)afraid to do sth 害怕做某事害怕做某事be afraid of sthbe afraid of sth 害怕某物害怕某物 be afraid thatbe afraid that 丛句丛句76.because+76.because+句子句子 because of+because of+短语短语例句:He was late because he had a headache 他迟到了因为他头疼。He was late because of his headache 他迟到了因为他的头疼。77.beginto77.begintododo=startstarttotododo开
21、开场场做做某某事事stastartwith=beginwithrtwith=beginwith 以什么开场什么以什么开场什么例句:Lets begin the game with the song让我们以这首歌来开场比赛。78.78.betweenandbetweenand 两者之两者之间间79.borrow sth from sb79.borrow sth from sb 向借向借lend sth to sb=lend sb sthlend sth to sb=lend sb sth 借给某人某东西借给某人某东西例句:I borrowed a pen from him 我向他借了一支笔He
22、lent a pen to me 他借了支笔给我He lent me a pen 他借给我一支笔 80.80.bothboth=thethe same(as)same(as)=notnotdifferent(from)different(from)表一样表一样 81.bother81.bother 打搅打搅 bother sb to do sthbother sb to do sth 打搅某打搅某人做某事人做某事例句:Im sorry to bother you,but can you tell me to wayto the station我十分抱歉打搅你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站 The
23、problem hasbeen bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了.word.zl.82.by the end of82.by the end of 到为止到为止83.call on sb83.call on sb 拜访某人；号召某人做某事拜访某人；号召某人做某事84.care about84.care about 关心关心例句:Dont you care about this countrys future?你为什么不关心国家的未来、85.catch up with sb85.catch up with sb 赶上某人赶上某人86.chat with sb
24、86.chat with sb 和某人闲谈和某人闲谈 take sb to+take sb to+地点地点 带某人去某地带某人去某地87.e in87.e in 进来进来88.e over to88.e over to 过来过来 89.e up with89.e up with 提出提出例句:Can you e up with a good idea 你能想出一个好方法吗？90.municate with sb90.municate with sb 和某人交流和某人交流91.consider+doing91.consider+doing 考虑做什么考虑做什么例句:Why not conside
25、r going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去？92.dance to92.dance to 随着跳舞随着跳舞例句:She likes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞93.decide to do sth93.decide to do sth 决定做某决定做某94.do a survey of94.do a survey of 做某方面的调查做某方面的调查95.do better in95.do better in 在在方面做得更好方面做得更好96.do wrong96.do wrong 做错做错97.Dont forget to do sth97.Dont
26、 forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事不要忘了做某事.word.zl.98.Dont mind+doing/98.Dont mind+doing/从句从句/名词名词 不要介意不要介意99.each+99.each+名单每一个名单每一个例句:Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书 100.100.end up+doingend up+doing101.enjoy+doing101.enjoy+doing 喜欢喜欢102.escape from102.escape from 从逃跑从逃跑例句:The prisoners have escaped f
27、rom the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来103.expect to do sth103.expect to do sth 期待做某事期待做某事104.fall down104.fall down 摔下来摔下来 fall offfall off 从哪摔下来从哪摔下来105.fall in love with sb/sth105.fall in love with sb/sth 爱上什么爱上什么106.far from106.far from 离某地远离某地远例句:The school is far from my home 学校离我家远107.find+it+adj107.find+it
28、+adj 形容词形容词+to do+to do 发现做某事怎么样发现做某事怎么样 108.find108.findsb/sth+adjsb/sth+adj 发现什么怎么样发现什么怎么样例句:I find the book interesting109.finish109.finish 完成完成+doing+doing名词名词110.fit to sb=be fit for sb110.fit to sb=be fit for sb 适合某人适合某人111.forget to do111.forget to do 没有做而忘了没有做而忘了forget doingforget doing 做了而又
29、忘了做了而又忘了例句:Dont forget to go home 不要忘记回家I forget closing door 我忘记关门了.word.zl.112.112.fromtofromto 从某人到某人从某人到某人 113.get/have sth down113.get/have sth down做完事做完事情，被别人做某事情，被别人做某事例句:I have my hair cut 我理了发(头发被剪了Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了被牙医拔掉了114.get a part-time job=find a part-time job
30、114.get a part-time job=find a part-time job 得到一份兼职的工作得到一份兼职的工作115.get along well with sb=get on well with sb115.get along well with sb=get on well with sb 与某人相处得好与某人相处得好116.get along with sb=get on with sb116.get along with sb=get on with sb 与某人相处与某人相处117.get ready for=be ready for117.get ready for
31、=be ready for 为什么而准备为什么而准备118.get sb in to trouble118.get sb in to trouble 给某人麻烦给某人麻烦119.get sb to do sth119.get sb to do sth 迫使某人做某事迫使某人做某事120.120.getfromgetfrom 从某处得到某物从某处得到某物121.give a talk121.give a talk 做报告做报告例句:He is give a tall 他在做报告 122.give sth to sb give sb sth122.give sth to sb give sb st
32、h给给某人某物某人某物123.go fish123.go fish 钓鱼钓鱼 go swimminggo swimming 游泳游泳124.go on to do124.go on to do 去做下一件事去做下一件事 go on doinggo on doing 继续做这件事继续做这件事 125.go125.goout ofout of 从出来，离开从出来，离开 126.go to school126.go to school 上学用于专业的上学用于专业的go to the schoolgo to the school 去学校不一定是上学去学校不一定是上学127.good way to127
33、.good way to 好方法好方法128.hate to do128.hate to do 讨厌没做过的事讨厌没做过的事 hate doinghate doing 讨厌做过的事讨厌做过的事129.have a party for sb129.have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会举办谁的晚会.word.zl.130.have a talk130.have a talk 听报告听报告 谈一谈谈一谈131 have been doing131 have been doing 现在完成进展时现在完成进展时例句:You have been talking132 have been t
34、o(132 have been to(地方去过某过地方地方去过某过地方have gone to 地方have gone to 地方 去了某地还没回来去了某地还没回来133 have fun+doing133 have fun+doing 玩得快乐玩得快乐134 have sth to do134 have sth to do 有什么事要做有什么事要做例句:I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做I have nothing to do 我没什么事情做135 have to do sth135 have to do sth 必须做某事必须做某事136 h
35、ave trouble(problem)(in)doing sth136 have trouble(problem)(in)doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦做什么事情有麻烦137 havetime+doing137 havetime+doing138 have(时间)off138 have(时间)off 放假放假例句:I have month off 我请一个月得假139 hear sb+do/doing139 hear sb+do/doing 听见某人做某事听见某人做某事/正在做某事正在做某事140 help a lot140 help a lot 很大用处很大用处141 help sb
36、 with sth ones sth141 help sb with sth ones sth 帮助某人某事某方面帮助某人某事某方面help sb(to)do sthhelp sb(to)do sth 帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事142 hope to do sth142 hope to do sth 希望做某事希望做某事143 How about(+doing)=What about(+doing)143 How about(+doing)=What about(+doing)你认为怎么样你认为怎么样144 how do you like=what do you think of144 ho
37、w do you like=what do you think of 你对什么的看法你对什么的看法145 if145 if 是否是否wetherwether.word.zl.例句:I dont know if(wether)I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会He dont know if(wether)we will arrive on time tomorrow morning他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146 if:146 if:如果，假设全部接一般时态条件语态从句如果，假设全部接一般时态条件语态从句例句:Ill go to LuZhou
38、if it doest rain 假设明天不下雨，我就去 Ifthey change the plan they will let me know 假设他们要改变方案，他们会让我知道的Ill go to England,if I have enough money next year如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国147 in ones opinion=sb think147 in ones opinion=sb think 某人认为某人认为148 in some ways148 in some ways 在某些方面在某些方面149 in the end=finally(adv149 in
39、the end=finally(adv副词副词)最后最后150 in the north of150 in the north of 什么在什么在什么的北方什么的北方 northnorth 北北 southsouth 南南 westwest 西西 easteast 东东 151 in the sun151 in the sun 在太阳下在太阳下152 increase152 increase 增加增加例句:Theyve increased the prece of petrol by 3%他们把石油价增加了 3%153 instead of+153 instead of+名名 代替代替例句:I
40、d like an apple insteadof a pear 我想要苹果，而不要梨子I like English instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学154154 introduceintroduce sbsb toto sbsb 介绍某人给某人介绍某人给某人 introduceintroduce oneselfoneself 自我介自我介绍绍.word.zl.155 invite sb to do sth155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事邀请某人做某事156 It takes sb sometime to do sth156 It takes
41、 sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间做某人花掉某人多少时间例句:It took me 5 minutes to do my homework我做家庭作业花掉了我 5 分钟 157 Its+adj+for sb to do sth157 Its+adj+for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么对某人来说做某事怎么样样158 Its+adj+to do158 Its+adj+to do 做某事怎么样做某事怎么样159 Its+adj for sb159 Its+adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样对于某人来说怎么样Its+adj of sbIts+
42、adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样对某人来说太怎么样160 Its+adj(for sb)to do160 Its+adj(for sb)to do 对某人来说对某人来说做某事怎么样做某事怎么样 Its+adj ofIts+adj ofsb to do sthsb to do sth对某人来说做某事太怎么样对某人来说做某事太怎么样 例句:Its nice of you tohelp me with my English 非常感你帮我学习英语 161161 ItsIts a a goodgoodidea for sb to do sthidea for sb to do sth 对对 来说是
43、个好主意来说是个好主意162 Its important to sb162 Its important to sb 对某人来说很重要对某人来说很重要 eg:Its important to meeg:Its important to me163 Its time to do sth Its time for sth163 Its time to do sth Its time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间到了该去做某事的时间例句:Its time to have class Its time for class 该去上课了164 join=take part in164 join=ta
44、ke part in 参加参加165 just now165 just now 刚刚刚刚166 keep+sb/sth+adj/166 keep+sb/sth+adj/介词短语介词短语 让什么保持什么样？让什么保持什么样？167 keep out167 keep out 不让不让 进入进入168 keep sb adj168 keep sb adj 让保持让保持例句:I want to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持安康169 key to+169 key to+名词名词 表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案.word.zl.170
45、 key to anser to key170 key to anser to key 可以是答题或钥匙可以是答题或钥匙171 laugh at171 laugh at 取笑取笑例句:Dont langh at others We langhed at the joke172 learn by oneslfe172 learn by oneslfe 自学自学173 learn from sb173 learn from sb 向某人学习向某人学习174 learn to do sth174 learn to do sth 学做某事学做某事175 let sb do sth175 let sb
46、do sth 让某人做某事让某人做某事176 Let sb down176 Let sb down 让某人失望让某人失望例句：We shouldnt let our farents down我们不应该让我们的父母失望177 live from:177 live from:离某地远离某地远178 live in+178 live in+方方/at+/at+小地方小地方 居住在某地居住在某地 179 look after=take care179 look after=take careofof 照顾照顾 照看照看180 lose ones way180 lose ones way 谁迷路谁迷路例
47、句:Lose your way 你迷路181 make a decision to do sth181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事决定做某事182 make friends with sb182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友和谁成为朋友例句:I want to make friends with you 我想和你成为朋友 183183make it earlymake it early 把时间定的早一点把时间定的早一点184 make on exhibition of oneself184 make on exhibition of
48、 oneself 让某人出洋相让某人出洋相185 make sb/n+n185 make sb/n+n 使什么成为什么使什么成为什么例句:I made her my step moller I made you my wife.word.zl.186 make sb/sth+adj186 make sb/sth+adj 使某人某物怎么样使某人某物怎么样例句:You must made your bed clean 您必须使你的床干净 187187make sb/sth adjmake sb/sth adj 使某人使某人/某物怎么样某物怎么样188 make sb do sth188 make
49、sb do sth 让某人做某事让某人做某事例句:I made him write 我以前让他写189 make up be made up of(189 make up be made up of(被动语态由组成被动语态由组成190 makedifference to190 makedifference to 使差异使差异191 mind sb to do mind ones doing191 mind sb to do mind ones doing 介意做什么介意做什么192 most+192 most+名名most of+most of+代代大多数大多数193 much too+193
50、 much too+形容词形容词194 must be194 must be 一定一定195 need+195 need+名词名词 需要需要196 need sb do sth196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事需要某人做某事197 need to do(197 need to do(实义动词实义动词 need do(need do(情态动词情态动词198 no/neithr of hate to do no/neithr of hate doing198 no/neithr of hate to do no/neithr of hate doing199 no+199 no+