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1、浙江省宁波市 2018 年初中学业水平考试 英语答案解析 一、完形填空 1.【答案】B【解析】句意为：在我很小的时候，我对自己要成为什么样的人有很强烈的意识，但是这次事故让我重新审视了自己。根据句意可知，空格前后句之间存在转折关系。故选 B。【考点】考查连词辨析。2.【答案】C【解析】句意为：对我来说滑冰是最重要的。在这个世界上没有什么事情能给我带来这样的欢乐。nothing 意为“没有什么”，符合语境。故选 C。【考点】考查不定代词辨析。3.【答案】A【解析】句意为：我一周要花 24 个小时来练习滑冰技巧。skill 意为“技巧”；behavior 意为“行为”；thought 意为“想法”
2、；habit 意为“习惯”。故选 A。【考点】考查名词辨析。4.【答案】D【解析】meeting 意为“会议”；party 意为“聚会”；concert 意为“音乐会”；competition 意为“比赛”。根据空格前的 first place medals 可知此处指滑冰比赛。故选 D。【考点】考查名词辨析。5.【答案】C【解析】quickly 意为“迅速地”；softly 意为“柔软地”；badly 意为“严重地”；slowly 意为“缓慢地”。根据下文医生说作者以后不能再滑冰了可知，作者受伤严重。故选 C。【考点】考查副词辨析。6.【答案】B【解析】根据语境可知，作者做了 X 光及核磁共
3、振的检查之后.医生告诉他以后不能再滑冰了。故选 B。【考点】考查名词辨析。7.【答案】B【解析】useful 意为“有用的”；basic 意为“基本的”；proper 意为“适当的”；busy 意为“忙碌的”。根据空格前的“even”和空格后的“daily tasks”可知，作者不仅背部疼痛难忍，连基本的日常活动都变得很困难。故选 B。【考点】考查形容词辨析。8.【答案】D【解析】find out 意为“查明”；bring back 意为“带回来，恢复”；wake up 意为“唤醒”；take away 意为“带走”。根据空格后的“I had little sense of who I was
4、 to become”可知，作者对滑冰的激情消失了。故选 D。【考点】考查动词短语辨析。9.【答案】A【解析】change 意为“改变”；remain 意为“保留”；leave 意为“离开”；arrive 意为“到达”。根据下文内容可知，作者决定做出改变。故选 A。【考点】考查动词辨析。10.【答案】A【解析】energy 意为“精力”；duty 意为“职责”；wealth 意为“财富”；spirit 意为“精神”。根据下文描述的作者做游泳老师和阅读助教可知，此处指作者把精力投入到当地的社区服务项目中。故选 A。【考点】考查名词辨析。11.【答案】C【解析】句意为：通过义务做游泳老师和暑期儿童
5、阅读助教as 意为“当作，作为”，符合语境。故选 C。【考点】考查介词辨析。12.【答案】A【解析】want 意为“想要”；start 意为“开始”；promise 意为“许诺”；live 意为“居住，生活”。句意为：通过义务做游泳老师和暑期儿童阅读助教，我有了想成为什么样的人的想法。故选 A。【考点】考查动词辨析。13.【答案】D【解析】run 意为“跑”；jump 意为“跳”；stand 意为“站立”；step 意为“走”。根据空格后的“rebuilt my confidence”可知作者逐渐从阴影中走出来，并重新树立了自信。Step out of是固定短语，意为“从走出去”，符合语境。故
6、选 D。【考点】考查动词辨析。14.【答案】B【解析】small 意为“小的”；large 意为“大的”；ugly 意为“丑陋的”；round 意为“圆的”。根据下句中的“try to climb over”可知，此处指有时候一些巨石阻碍了我们的道路。故选 B。【考点】考查形容词辨析。15.【答案】C【解析】manage 意为“设法”；help 意为“帮助”，fail 意为“失败，未做”；continue 意为“继续”。根据最后一段最后一句“Today Im a very confident and optimistic person”可知，事故没有阻止作者走向成功。故选 C。【考点】考查动词
7、辨析。二、阅读理解 A 16.【答案】C【解析】根据表格第一栏中第句中的“I lost my purse without even knowing it”可知，B 项描述错误：根据表格第一栏中内容可知，文章并没有提到谁捡到了 Linda 的钱包.那位火车服务员只是借给 Linda 一些钱，但并没有捡到她的钱包。故 A 项描述错误：根据表格最后一栏的内容可知，Tina 给了她的邻居一些废旧纸箱，而不是其邻居偷了她的纸箱.故 D 项描述错误：根据表格第二栏中倒数第二句“Today I still dont know who got me out of that river”可知 Scott 仍然不
8、知道谁把他从河里救了出来，故 C 项描述正确。故选 C。【考点】细节理解题。17.【答案】B【解析】通读全文可知，表格内的内容讲述了三个助人为乐的故事，由此可推知，作者是想告诉我们善良的价值。故选 B。【考点】推理判断题。18.【答案】A【解析】文章通过讲述了三个人亲身经历的些温暖的助人为乐的故事，告诉我们当为他人做些力所能及的事情，让世界变得更生好。因此这篇文章有可能是一篇报道。故选 A。【考点】文章出处题。19.【答案】C【解析】根据第一段第一至三句“I graduated from college recently and moved to Washington by myself.Wh
9、ile I was in college,it was really easy to meet new people.Butout in the real world，I was finding it really hard”可知。作者毕业后在一个陌生的城市很难交到新朋友。故选 C。【考点】细节理解题。B 20.【答案】C【解析】根据第二段第一句“My sister is five year solder than I am，so shes been through all this already”以及第四段最后两句“When I first moved to New York after
10、college，I found a book club and a football team online.I met a lot of people that way”可知，作者的姐姐毕业后遇到过同样的问题。故选 C。【考点】细节理解题。21.【答案】D【解析】根据第七段最后两句“I could volunteer for an organization here in Washington.I bet I could meet a lot of really nice people that way”可推知，作者可能会去一个组织做志愿者。故选 D。【考点】推理判断题。22.【答案】D【解
11、析】通读全文可知，作者不知道如何在新的城市结交朋友，但是在姐姐的帮助下，她找到了适合自己的方法。因此本文的最佳标题应是“在新城市结交朋友”。故选 D。【考点】标题概括题。C 23.【答案】B【解析】根据第一段第一句“Artificial intelligence（AI）（人工智能）is the ability of a computer program of a machine to think and learn”可知，人工智能是一种会思考和学习的计算机程序或机器。故选 B。【考点】细节理解题。24.【答案】D【解析】画线词所在句子的句意为“此外。有些人认为，如果人工智能发展过快。对人类面言
12、是一个危险”由此可知，“it”指的是“人工智能”。故选 D。【考点】指代判断题 25.【答案】B【解析】根据第三段第二句“If we raise the standard in the learning of math，our students will be more likely to become successful AI designers in the future”和第三段最后一句“Besides，a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI designing”可知，要想成为一名成功的人工智能设计者除
13、了数学成绩好之外，计算机水平也要好。综合分析表格中的成绩可知.Peter最符合当一名成功的人工智能设计者的条件。故选 B。【考点】推理判断题。26.【答案】A【解析】根据第四段第一句“Scientists hope to create creative and emotional A1 which can possibly understand human feelings or create art”可知，第四段主要介绍了科学家们对人工智能的期望。故选 A。【考点】段落大意题。D 27.【答案】C【解析】。根据第一段第一句“In our culture，the ability to make
14、 ones own decisions is important”和最后一段最后一句“Hopefully，we can learn to experience and enjoy the discomfort to thought and form our own opinions”并结合全文内容可知，本文是想告诉人们应该有自己的想法。故选 C。【考点】写作意图题 28.【答案】A【解析】根据画线词所在句的下一句“Some people believe whatever they read and then share the story without thinking about the
15、facts”可知，一些人没有对事实进行思考，就相信他们所读的东西，并将这个故事进行分享。由此可推知，人们有时会在网上传播不真实的消息，因此 fake 应意为“不真实的”。故选 A。【考点】词义猜测题。29.【答案】D【解析】根据最后一段第一句“If we just stop for a moment to think about what we read and hear，and form our own opinion”可知，我们只有对读到和听到的东西进行思考，才能形成自己的观点。故选 D。【考点】推理判断题。30.【答案】B【解析】通读全文可知。作者通过这篇文章告诉人们不要不加思考地传播一
16、些虚假清息面应当对我们所听到，读到的东西进行思考从而形成自己的观点。因此本篇文章可能出自教育类的书籍。故选 B。【考点】文章出处题。三、任务型阅读 31.【答案】E 32.【答案】C 33.【答案】B 34.【答案】A 35.【答案】D 四、词汇运用 36.【答案】4th/fourth 37.【答案】harder 38.【答案】between 39.【答案】pollution 40.【答案】harmful 41.【答案】hers 42.【答案】clearly 43.【答案】knocking 44.【答案】hero 45.【答案】kisses 46.【答案】pleasure 47.【答案】rea
17、lly 48.【答案】daily 49.【答案】pioneers 50.【答案】invented 五、词法填空 51.【答案】my【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词“wife”，故填 my。【考点】考查代词。52.【答案】children【解析】other 意为“其他的”，其后应跟名词的复数形式。child 是可数名词，其复数形式为 children，故填 children。【考点】考查名词的复数。53.【答案】as【解析】asas是固定结构，意为“和一样”，故填 as。【考点】考查固定结构。54.【答案】to do【解析】agree to do sth 是固定用法，意
18、为“同意做某事”。故填 to do。【考点】考查不定式。55.【答案】surprised【解析】根据句中的 be 动词“was”可知，空格处应用形容词。本句的主语为“he”，指人，应用 surprised 来修饰。surprising 意为“令人吃惊的”，常用来修饰物。故填 surprised。【考点】考查词性转换。56.【答案】back/again【解析】句意为：但是在周末，那只老鹰又回来了。此处可以填 back，表示“回来”：也可以填 again.表示“又来了”。故填 back/again。【考点】考查副词。57.【答案】is【解析】句意为：我送你的颈圈在哪里？本句为直接引语，因此主句应用
19、：般现在时态来表示现在的状况。故填 is。【考点】考查动词的时态。58.【答案】so【解析】sothat为固定句型，意为“如此以至于”。故填 as。【考点】考查固定句型。59.【答案】angrily【解析】此处应用副词修饰动词短语“looked at”，angry 的副词形式为 angrily。故填 angrily。【考点】考查词性转换。60.【答案】If【解析】句意为：如果你不嫁给我，我就把你所有的小鸡从你身边抓走。根据语境可知，空格处引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。故填 If。注意首字母大写。【考点】考查连词。六、书面表达【答案】Possible version 1：Friday.May
20、11th Today I had a school trip.The weather was fine.My classmates and I set off to Hongxing Farm by bus early in the morning.The minute we arrived，we took a walk around the farm.Then we fed the chickens.When I threw some food to them，they ran over to me with excitement and some of them even walked i
21、nto their friends.The most exciting thing was that we picked strawberries after lunch.While we were picking，we ate a lot.How sweet they were!I had a wonderful time today!I do hope to go there again in the near future!(98 words)Possible version 2：Friday，May 11th Today I had a school trip.The weather
22、was fine.My classmates and I set off to the Science Museum by subway at 7:00.As soon as we reached the museum,we were amazed to see lots of pictures about science.Then we watched a video about different inventions and their inventors.Its unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid wa
23、y.In the afternoon,we played chess with some special robots.It was surprising to find that nobody could beat them.Before leaving,we bought some gifts for our friends.I had a wonderful time today!I do hope to go there again!英语试卷 第 1 页（共 8 页）英语试卷 第 2 页（共 8 页）绝密启用前 浙江省宁波市 2018 年初中学业水平考试 英 语(满分为 95 分，考试
24、时间为 90 分钟。)一、完形填空(本题有 15 小题，每小题 1 分，共计 15 分)阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。It does not always come easy to discover oneself.From a young age,I had a strong sense of who I was to become,1 an accident made me redefine(重审)myself.To me,skating was above all.There was 2 in this world that filled my
25、heart with such joy.I spent twenty-four hours a week practicing my 3 Having no social life or interests but skating,my devotion(挚爱)brought me first place medals in nearly every 4 .Unfortunately,in one show,I fell down and hurt myself 5 After several X-rays and MRI(磁共振)scans,the 6 (told)Tie that I co
26、uldnt return to my sport any more.The pain in my back was hard to bear and even the 7 daily tasks became difficult.As my passion(激情)was 8 ,I had little sense of who I was to become.After eight months of suffering,something had to 9 .Instead of wasting my days sitting around painfully,I began to put
27、my 10 into local community service projects.By volunteering 11 a swimming teacher and summer reading assistant for kids,I got an idea of who I 12 to become.After a few months,I devoted time to my interest in the arts.Little by Little,I 13 out of the shadow(阴影)and rebuilt my confidence.Sometimes,some
28、 14 rocks block(阻碍)our way.We can choose to stay behind or try to climb over.My accident was a rock that 15 to stop me from reaching success.Today Im a very confident and optimistic person.1.A.and B.but C.or D.so 2.A.everything B.something C.nothing D.anything 3.A.skills B.behaviors C.thoughts D.hab
29、its 4.A.meeting B.party C.concert D.competition 5.A.quickly B.softly C.badly D.slowly 6.A.waiter B.doctor C.teacher D.policeman 7.A.useful B.basic C.proper D.busy 8.A.found out B.brought back C.waken up D.taken away 9.A.change B.remain C.leave D.arrive 10.A.energy B.duty C.wealth D.spirit 11.A.with
30、B.for C.as D.to 12.A.wanted B.started C.promised D.lived 13.A.ran B.jumped C.stood D.stepped 14.A.small B.large C.ugly D.round 15.A.managed B.helped C.failed D.continued 二、阅读理解(本题有 15 小题，每小题 2 分，共计 30 分)阅读下面材料，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。A As long as everyone contributes a little,the world will becom
31、e a much better place.Most people are kind-hearted and want to lend a helping hand.Now lets share some memorable moments.Linda:Once,when I was on my way back to my hometown,I lost my purse without even knowing it.I was told over the trains loudspeaker that my purse was at the railway stations lost a
32、nd found office.But the train had already started.Seeing my helplessness,a kind hostess offered to lend me some money.I went back to the railway station and got my purse.I am still thankful to the railway staff and the person who found my purse.Scott:When I was a little boy,there was a time when I w
33、ent to fish with my elder sister.All of a sudden,I slipped into the river.The next thing I remember is my father holding me in the hospital.Today I still dont know who got me out of that river.I have been trying to help other people whenever I can all these years.Tina:One of my neighbors is an old m
34、an who cannot speak.He makes money by recycling waste.Our other neighbors dont like his behavior.But in my opinion,its his way to support his family.Once,after cleaning my house,I placed some cardboard boxes in his garden and left my rubbish beside my door.However,when I was about to go out,I found
35、nothing outside my door but a note:I have thrown away your rubbish.You are a nice girl.Thanks a lot!16.According to the passage above,we know that _.A.the hostess found Lindas purse B.Linda knew where she lost her purse C.Scott still doesnt know who got him out of the river-在-此-卷-上-答-题-无-效-毕业学校_ 姓名_
36、 考生号_ _ 英语试卷 第 3 页（共 8 页）英语试卷 第 4 页（共 8 页）D.some cardboard boxes were stolen by Tinas neighbor 17.The writer is trying to tell us the value of _.A.health B.kindness C.money D.safety 18.The passage above is probably a _.A.report B.diary C.novel D.letter B I graduated from college recently and moved t
37、o Washington by myself.While I was in college,it was really easy to meet new people.But out in the real world,I was finding it really hard.I live in a big city,and it seems like everyone around me is busy or already has all the friends they want.I was feeling so discouraged(沮丧的)and I didnt know what
38、 to do,so I called my sister for some advice.My sister is five years older than I am,so shes been through all this already.Shes been helping me with my problems all my life.When I explained my problem,she understood completely.She said,Why dont you try meeting people online?Online?Are you kidding?I
39、asked.A friend of mine chatted with a guy online,and when she finally met him face to face,he was nothing like what he said.My sister laughed.You dont have to look for dates online,she said.But you can find other people like youpeople who have just moved to town and want to make some new friends.Whe
40、n I first moved to New York after college,I found a book club and a football team online.I met a lot of people that way.But you dont even like football!I said.I know,she replied.But that didnt matter.I still bad a lot of fun.You played volleyball in college.Why dont you look for a volleyball team to
41、 join?Or an art class?Yeah!I saw a website about volunteering the other day.I said.I could volunteer for an organization here in Washington.I bet I could meet a lot of really nice people that way.Good idea!my sister answered excitedly.Hey,you might even meet the perfect guy.OK,now youre starting to
42、sound like Mom,I said.Thanks a lot for the advice.Im going online right now.Ill let you know what happens.Will you be home tonight?No,but Ill be here all day tomorrow,so give me a call,my sister replied.Good luck!19.What was the writers problem?A.She was cheated by her friend online.B.She was refuse
43、d by a volleyball team.C.She couldnt meet people in her new city.D.She felt discouraged in her college.20.The writers sister _.A.lives in the same city as the writer B.doesnt have any advice for the writer C.had the same problem when she finished college D.She didnt go to college,but understands the
44、 writers problem 21.The writer is probably going to _.A.become a member of a football team B.look for dates online C.join a book club like her sister did D.volunteer for an organization 22.Whats the best title for this passage?A.Looking for Fun Online.B.Volunteering in a New City.C.Chatting with Fri
45、ends Online.D.Making Friends in a New City.C Artificial intelligence(AI)(人工智能)is the ability of a computer program or a machine to think and learn.It is also a field of study that tries to make computers smart.John McCarthy,a scientist,came up with the name artificial intelligence in 1955.Many thing
46、s such as learning and problem solving can be done by computers,though not in the same way as we do.An unusual goal of AI research is to create computer programs that can learn,solve problems,and think logically(逻辑地).At present we use the term Al for successfully understanding human speech,recognizi
47、ng(识别)human faces,operating self-driving cars and competing in some game systems like Chess and Alpha Go(阿尔法狗).Some people also consider AI a danger to humans if it develops too quickly.Professor Stephen Hawking(霍金),a well-known British scientist,was not for this kind of technology.Math is the basic
48、 language of AI.If we raise the standard in the learning of math,our students will be more likely to become successful AI designers in the future.We not only want bright students,but also need to attract average students and give them the math skills which are needed to change them into AI designers
49、.Besides,a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI designing.Scientists hope to create creative and emotional AI which can possibly understand human feelings or create art.Many ways and tools have been tried to discover this fascinating field.23.From Paragraph 1,we know that _.A.
50、all problems can be solved by AI B.machines with AI can think and learn C.AI has been around for only 60 years.D.AI works in the same way as humans 24.The underlined word it in Paragraph 2 refers to(指的是)_.A.Chess B.Alpha Go C.the danger D.AI 25.According to the writer and the following school report