初三重点单词整理.docx

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1、 中考复习 单词 (七上-九下)Aable adj. 有能力的 句型:be able to do(可以变换时态,不能跟can共用)变形:unable adj. 没有能力的 disabled adj. 残疾的 ability n. 能力 disability n. 残疾,缺陷above prep. 在的上面,表示楼层上方I live above you. 我住在你家楼上。也可以表示温度上的超过 above zero反义词:below辨析:over 正上方 on 在上面(接触)abroad adv. 国外 go abroad 去国外 be abroad 在国外absent adj. 缺席的短语:b

2、e absent from 缺席变形:absence n. 缺席accept vt. 接受辨析:receive vt. 收到accident n. 事故短语:car accidents 交通事故 do sth. by accident 碰巧做某事according to 根据(to是介词)according to sth./doing sth.achieve vt. 获得短语:achieve a balance between A and B 在A和B之间获得一个平衡变形:achievement n. 成就(可数)act vi. 行动 变形:action n. 行动 active adj. 活

3、跃的 inactive adj. 不活跃的 actively adv. 活跃地 inactively adv. 不活跃地 vt. 表演 变形:actor n. 男演员 actress n. 女演员 action n. 行动短语:take action to do 采取行动做某事变形:act v. 行动 act to do active adj. 活跃的,积极的变形:actively inactive inactively activityadmire vt. 敬佩,仰慕admire sb. for sth. 因敬佩某人advantage n. 优势(可数)变形:disadvantage n.

4、劣势advise vt. 建议 advise sb. to do sth.变形:advice n. 建议(不可数) some advice on sth.辨析:suggest vt. 建议 suggest doing suggestion n. 建议(可数)afford vt. 承担得起,买得起短语:afford sth. 买得起某物 afford to do sth. 做得起某事一般与cant或couldnt连用against prep. 反对,靠着短语:do sth. against the law 做违反法律的事情 stand against the wall 靠墙站着 be again

5、st doing sth. 反对做某事age n. 年龄at the age of 12 在12岁(注意12后面就不能再加years old)表达年龄的方式:in ones twenties/thirties. at the age of +数字 when sb. be XX years oldagree vi. 同意 短语:agree to do 同意做某事 agree with sb. 赞同某人 agree on sth. 在达成一致变形:agreement n. 一致 agree= be in agreementalive adj. 活着的(表语形容词,只能放系动词后)辨析:lively

6、 adj. 活泼的,生动的 变形:livelier liveliest live adj. & adv. 现场的 live show be covered live living n. 生存,生活 make a living all的短语总结:all over 遍及 all day long 一整天 all year round 一整年 all the time 一直 at all times 总是 all right 好吧 above all 首要的是 first of all 首先 after all 毕竟allow vt. 允许短语:allow sb. to do sth. (注意被动:

7、sb. be allowed to do 被允许做某事)already adv. 已经 (现在完成时)辨析:yet already用于肯定句,置于have和done中间或者句末 yet用于否定句或者疑问句,置于句末amazing adj. 令人吃惊的变形:amazed adj. 感到吃惊的 amazement n. 吃惊ancient adj. 古代的another pron. 另一个,表泛指 another + 可数名词单数考点:another + 数字=数字+more 表示再来XX个辨析:other 泛指,其他的,加名词复数或者不可数名词 others 泛指,指其他的东西或者别人,本身表示

8、复数,后面不能加任何词 the other 特指两个中的另一个,或后面加名词复数表示一个范围内剩下的所有。 the others 特指一个范围内剩下的所有,后面不能再加名词,本身表复数。如:I dont like this pair of shoes, can you show me another pair?Some people like playing basketball, while other people like playing football.Some people like playing basketball, while others like playing foo

9、tball.Where are the other students? (注意有了ones就不能加the,如:Its in my other hand.)There are 20 teachers in our grade. 8 of them are men teachers, while the others are women teachers.anything 任何事 anyone 任何人 anybody 任何人 anywhere 任何地方复合不定代词:1) 看做三单 2) 形容词放在后面 3) 可以把else放在后面表示其他用于肯定句表示任何:Anyone can borrow bo

10、oks from here. 任何人都可以从这儿借书。 I can go anywhere. 我可以去任何地方。用于否定句和疑问句代词some: Is there anything wrong with your computer? There isnt anything wrong with your computer. = There is nothing wrong with your computer.appear vi. 出现(没有被动语态)变形:disappear vi. 消失 appearance n. 出现,露面,外貌arrive vi. 到达 arrive in + 大地点

11、arrive at +小地点 arrive here/there/home同义短语:reach +地点 get to +地点 (get here/there/home)区别:没有地点,只能用arrive I have arrived.artist n. 艺术家变形:art n. 艺术-ist后缀:tourist 旅行家 pianist 钢琴家 dentist 牙医as prep. 作为 短语:be famous as 作为著名 Lu Xun is famous as a writer. 辨析:be famous for 因为出名 Lu Xun is famous for his books.

12、conj. 随着(引导时间状语从句) As time goes by, he realizes his growth. 既然,由于(引导原因状语从句) Come and play, as you are here.短语和句型:as a result 结果是 as.as.和一样not as .as. 不如怎样 as.as possible 尽可能as good as 简直,和一样 as well as 并且,和 as soon as 一就(时态规则主将从现,或者主过从过)asleep adj. 睡着的短语:fall asleep (对应延续性动词be asleep)辨析:sleepy adj.

13、困倦的 feel sleepyattend vt. 参加,出席attend meetings attend school attend the lesson辨析:join + 组织/人 加入 take part in +活动/比赛 参加attention n. 注意力短语:pay attention to (to是介词,后加sth.或者doing sth.) catch/attract ones attention 引起某人的注意 bring sb. to the attention of 使引起了的注意attract vt. 吸引变形:attractive adj. 有吸引力的 attrac

14、tion n. 吸引力,景点辨析:attack vt. 攻击Australia n. 澳大利亚变形:Australian adj. 澳大利亚的 n. 澳大利亚人avoid vt. 避免 avoid doing awake adj. 醒着的变形:wake vt. 叫醒 wake-woke-wokenBbase vt. 以为基础短语:be based on 以为基础变形:basic adj. 基础的be短语总结:about: be crazy about be worried about be excited about be curious aboutof: be tired of be pro

15、ud of be tired of be afraid of be full of be guilty of be aware of with: be satisfied with be bored with be pleased with be happy with be filled withat: be surprised at be amazed at be good atfor: be late for in: be interested inbe used to doing 习惯于做某事 be of ones age 与同龄的because of 由于辨析:because beca

16、use of +名词短语 because +从句beat vi. 跳动 beat-beat-beaten vt. 打败 beat sb.辨析:win win+比赛 赢得比赛 beat+人 打败人 before adv. 以前,过去(放在句末,现在完成时的标志词) 如:He has never been there before. conj. 在之前(引导时间状语从句:主将从现或主过从过) 如:I will finish homework before I watch TV. I finished homework before I watched TV. 句型:It will be XX ye

17、ars before +从句 表达某件事情要达成还需要多长时间 如:It will be 5 years before the subway is in use in Changzhou. prep. 在之前 before doing 如:You must finish homework before watching TV.beginning n. 开始,起初in the beginning=at first 一开始 at the beginning of 在的开始below prep. 在的下面,表示楼层下方I live above you. 我住在你家楼下。也可以表示温度上的低于 blo

18、w zero反义词:above辨析:under 正下方 best adj. 最好的 the best place/time to do adv. 最 like.best 最喜欢 be best known 最为人所知 all the bestbeyond prep. 超出范围短语:beyond my control beyond my ability beyond the visiting hour go far beyond 远远超过辨析:over表示数量,年龄上的超过 above是温度上的超过bleed vi. 流血 bleed-bled-bled短语:bleed to death 流血致

19、死变形:blood n. 血液(不可数名词)bored adj. 感到无聊的 be bored with 对厌烦了变形:boring adj. 乏味的,令人无聊的 bore vt. 使无聊born adj. 天生的短语:a born artistbe born 出生 (一般用过去时)borrow vt. 借来 borrow sth. from sb.辨析:lend vt. 借给 lend sth. to sb.= lend sb. Sth.both conj.&pron. 两个(都) 短语和句型:both + 复数:There are many trees on both sides of t

20、he road. both+of: Both of the twins like flying kites. both A and B: Both Tom and Jerry like flying kites.辨析:all 三者及以上都 neither 两者都不 either 两者中任取一个 none 三者及以上都不 break vt. 打破短语:break into 闯入(有被动) break down 坏了,抛锚(没有被动) break out 爆发(没有被动)变形:broken adj. 坏了的breath n. 呼吸短语:out of breath 上气不接下气 take a dee

21、p breath变形:breathe vi. 呼吸 breathe heavilyBritish adj. 英国的 n. 英国人变形:Britain n. 英国but prep. 除了句型:have no choice but to do 别无选择只能做 not.but. 不是而是 He is not a teacher but a doctor.注意:but/except/as well as/together with/with放在主语后,谓语动词要用就远原则如:Nobody but the twins is going to Nanjing tomorrow.by prep. 用(强调方

22、式,后只能加名词单数) by car by e-mailprep. 在旁边 by the riverprep. 被,由 be made by an article by Lu Xun 鲁迅写的文章prep. 到为止 by +将来时间点 (一般将来时) By+过去时间点 (过去完成时)adv. 经过 pass by 经过短语:by the way 顺便问一下 by oneself 独自 by accident 碰巧Ccall vt. 称呼 call sb. sth. What do you call him? (疑问词不能用how) a boy called Tom 一个叫Tom的男孩 vt.

23、打电话 call sb. back 给某人回电话 n. 电话 give you a call 给你打一个电话calm adj. 平静的 keep calm n. 平静 v. 平静 calm down 平静下来变形:calmly adv. 平静地cancel vt. 取消,终止(注意过去式和分词要双写l+ed)capital n. 首都 the capital of .care vi. 关心,关注 care about 关心,在意 care for 照顾 n. 关心 take care of 照顾词性转换:careful adj. 小心的,认真的 carefully adv. 认真地,仔细地 c

24、areless adj. 粗心的 carelessly adv. 粗心地 carelessness n. 粗心carry短语:carry on 继续开展,继续下去 carry out 开展,执行cause n. 原因短语:the cause of=the reason for 的原因/起因 vt. 引起,导致=lead tocentre n. 中央 in the centre of变形:central adj. 中央的certain adj. 确定的句型:It is certain that. 变形:certainly uncertain uncertainlychallenge n. 挑战(

25、可数)变形:challenging adj. 有挑战性的change vt. 改变 句型:change a lot 改变很多:Changzhou has changed a lot over the years. n. 改变(可数) changes in numbers 数量上的变化 n. 零钱(不可数) Heres your change.cheer vi. 欢呼短语:cheer for 为加油 cheer up 使振奋变形:cheerful adj. 兴高采烈的choose vt. 选择 choose to do 选择做某事 choose sb. as 选择某人担当变形:choose-ch

26、ose-chosen 名词 choice 选择(可数) have no choice but to do别无选择只能做某事close vt. 关闭 变形:closed adj. 关着的 adj. 近的,亲密的 be close to take a close look at 变形:close adv. 近的(形象的) sit close to closely adv. 密切地,亲密地(抽象的) work closelycollect vt. 收集,搜集变形:collection n. 收集物come on 得了吧,快点,加油(表鼓励,催促等语气)come其他短语总结:come up with

27、想出,提起 come down 崩塌 come out 出版 变形:coming adj. 即将到来的comfortable adj. 舒服的变形:uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的 comfortably adv. 舒服地common adj. 普通的,平常的辨析:normal adj. 正常的compare vt. 比较短语:compare A to B 把A比作B compare A with B 把A与B做比较句型:Compared with A, B . 与A相比,Bcomplain vi. 抱怨短语:complain about sth. to sb. 向某人抱怨某事变

28、形:complaint n. 抱怨,投诉 complaint letter 投诉信complete vt. 完成 complete doing adj. 完全的,彻底的 变形:incomplete 不完全的 completely adv. 完全地,彻底地communicate vt. 交流,交际 communicate with sb. 与某人交流变形:communication n. 交流,交际community n. 社区,小区competition n. 竞赛,比赛,竞争confident adj. 有信心的变形:confidence n. 信心connect vt. 连接短语:conn

29、ect sth. to/with sth. 把连接到/把与连接起来动词填空注意谓语非谓语,主动与被动:The computer is connected to the Internet. (谓语被动)The railway connects Shanghai to Nanjing. (谓语主动)The railway connecting Shanghai to Nanjing has been in use. (非谓语主动)The computer connected to the Internet is Jims. (非谓语被动)consider vt. 考虑短语:consider sb.

30、 as . 认为某人是(注意被动 sb. be considered as .) consider doing sth. 考虑做某事continue vt. 继续continue to do 继续做另一件事 continue doing 继续做刚中断的事情control n. 控制短语:out of control 失控 beyond my control 超出我的控制 vt. 控制 (注意过去式,过去分词,现在分词要双写尾字母)conversation n. 谈话correct adj. 正确的变形:correctly incorrect incorrectlycost vt. 花费辨析:t

31、ake 句型:sth./Doing sth. take sb. some time. It take sb. some time to do sth. (主语必须是事情或者物,只能花时间) spend 句型 sb. spend some time/money (in) doing sth. sb. spend some time/money on sth. (主语必须是人,既能花钱又能花时间) cost 句型:sth./Doing sth. take sb. some money. It cost sb. some money to do sth. (主语必须是事情或者物,只能花钱) pay

32、句型:sb. pay some money for sth. (主语必须是人,只能花钱) n. 费用,成本 the cost of 的费用could 情态动词表示能力,是can的过去时:I could swim at the age of 12.表示请求,是委婉语气,不是过去时:Could you tell me +宾语从句(从句时态不降级)表猜测,可能性小:It could be Mr. Green.couple n. 几个,一对,夫妻短语:a couple of + 可数名词复数注意:couple做主语表示一对夫妻,谓语动词不用三单。如:The couple are doing house

33、work now.courage n. 勇气(不可数名词)变形:encourage vt. 鼓励 encourage sb. to do sth.cover n. 封面,盖子 vt. 覆盖 cover . with be covered in/with vt. 报道 cover.live 现场直播 be covered live vt. 包含,涉及create vt. 创造 变形:creative adj. 有创造力的 creation n. 创造物cross vt. 穿过,从表面横穿过cross=go across变形:crossing n. 十字路口crowded adj. 拥挤的 mor

34、e and more crowded变形:crowd vi. 拥挤 n. 人群 the crowdcut vt. 剪下,切下 cut-cut-cut短语:cut down 砍树 cut out 剪下 cut into 切成 cut in 打断,插嘴 cut.short 缩短Ddaily adj. 日常的 daily life 日常生活同类单词:weekly yearly monthlydanger n. 危险短语:in danger 陷入危险 out of danger 脱离危险变形:dangerous adj. 危险的deal n. 很多 短语:a great deal of 大量的,只能加

35、不可数名词 辨析:a great number of 大量的,只能加可数名词 vi. 处理 短语:deal with 处理 句型:how to deal with sth.=what to do with sth.decide vt. 决定短语:decide to do 决定做某事变形:decision n. 决定(可数)deep adj. 深的 adv. 深地(形象的,看得出的深) walk deep into the city辨析:deeply adv. 深深地(程度上的) influence sb. Deeplydepend on 依靠,取决于(注意没有被动语态)如:The result

36、 depends on your attitude.句型:It depends. 看吧,待决定。如:-Will you come tonight.-It depends. If he comes, I will come to.辨析:Its up to you. 取决于你。 -Will you come tonight.-Its up to you. If you come, I will come to.develop vt. 发展,形成短语:develop a habit变形:developed adj. 发达的 less developed countries developing ad

37、j. 发展中的 developing countries development n. 发展 devote vt. 把贡献于句型:devote . to sth./doing sth. 把贡献于 devote oneself to doing 致力于做某事dictionary n. 字典短语:look up the word in the dictionary 在字典里查这个单词die vi. 死短语:die of 死于(疾病) die from 死于(天灾人祸) 延续性状态 be dead变形:dead adj. death n. dying adj. 奄奄一息的different adj.

38、 不同的句型:be different from 与不同变形:differently adv. 不同地 difference n. 不同点(可数)difference句型:make a difference to 对有影响,有作用difficulty n. 困难句型:have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 have difficulty/trouble/problems with sth. 在方面有困难。注意感叹句:What difficulty I have doing变形:difficult adj. 困难的direct adj. 直接的 take a direct flight 变形:indirect adj. 间接的 directly adv. 直接地 vt. 执导 变形

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