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1、* * * *MONDAY, AUGUST 16, 2021 VOL. CCLXXVIII NO. 39WSJ.comHHHH $4.00 Lastweek: DJIA 35515.38306.87 0.9%NASDAQ 14822.90g0.1%STOXX600 475.831.2%10-YR.TREASURY yield 1.297%OIL $68.44$0.16EURO $1.1797YEN 109.61 KABULAfghanistans gov- ernment fell after Taliban fight- ers took over the capital and Presi
2、dent Ashraf Ghani fled abroad, as a U.S.-led military operation began to airlift West- ern diplomats, civilians and Af- ghans likely to be targeted by the countrys new rulers. Demoralized Afghan secu- rity forces offered no resis- tance as the insurgents, who seized most of the country in just over
3、a week, appeared Sunday morning on Kabuls outskirts. While the Taliban initially said they wouldnt en- ter the capital while a transi- tional government is being formed, they reversed their stancebynightfall,saying someone needed to maintain public order after Afghan po- lice deserted their posts. “
4、To prevent chaos and loot- ing, the Islamic Emirate has ordered the mujahedeen to get control of the abandoned ar- eas,” the Taliban said. The Taliban fighters, the group added, wont bother any civil- ian or military officials of the former regime. By evening, the main road to the Kabul airportpacke
5、d with Afghans desperately trying to escape and with thousands of U.S. troops protecting the evac- uation effortpresented a bi- zarre scene of Taliban fighters mingling with uniformed Af- ghan troops. Mr. Ghani, who fled the presidential palace and spent Sunday morning at the U.S. Embassy, left the
6、Afghan capi- tal in the afternoon. In a mes- sage posted on his Facebook page, he conceded that the Tal- iban had won and said he was left with no choice but to go. “If I stayed there, countless countrymen would have been martyred and Kabul city would PleaseturntopageA7 BYYAROSLAVTROFIMOV Taliban Se
7、ize Power as U.S. Retreats Fighters take control of capital Kabul as president flees nation and concedes defeat Taliban fighters drive through the streets of Kabul on Sunday after seizing the capital. Below, a helicopter evacuates the American Embassy. FROM TOP: VICTOR J. BLUE FOR THE WALL STREET JO
8、URNAL; YAROSLAV TROFIMOV/THE WALL STREET JOURNAL BYMICHAELR.GORDON Biden Stands By Troop Withdrawal Despite Criticism Still unclear: whether the highly contagious strain of the virus will be a momentary stumble in an improving global economyone that businesses and consumers are now better equipped t
9、o handleor some- thing more serious. In recent weeks, Kellogg Co. PleaseturntopageA10 Restaurants become vaccine enforcers. A3 SeehowonpageB10. Best-in-class because of you. ADVERTISEMENT Desperate Rush to Get Out Was Saigon on Steroids Repercussions from the Delta variant of Covid-19 are starting t
10、o ripple across companies, rais- ing staffing costs in senior housing, disrupting production of potato chips and leading some companies to rein in profit projections. By Theo Francis, Gwynn Guilford and Inti Pacheco Delta Variant Leaves Mark OnU.S.BusinessComeback devastation. Most of the fatalities
11、 were in the nations southern peninsula, where Saturdays 7.2-magnitude quake struck, Jerry Chandler, head of Haitis civil protection agency, said. More than 13,000 buildings in the area had been destroyed, the agency said, in- cluding churches, hospitals and at least two hotels. The death toll was e
12、xpected to rise further as Haitians PleaseturntopageA9 During the 2020 political campaign, President Biden pre- sented himself as a globe-trot- ting leader who had helmed the Senate Foreign Relations Com- mittee, served as then-Presi- dent Barack Obamas point man on complex international issues and
13、who was determined to bring a steady hand to national security. Yet the turmoil in Afghani- stan, which has led Mr. Biden to send about 5,000 troops back to the country, roughly doubling the force he decided in April to take out, has con- fronted the White House with a crisis that could have lasting
14、 humanitarian and national-se- curity consequences, former of- ficials said. “We are not at the worst point yet,” said Carter Malka- sian, the author of a compre- hensive history of the Afghan conflict who served as an ad- viser to former Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Gen. Joe Dun- ford. “Now that
15、the Taliban are moving into Kabul and over- turning the democratic govern- ment we have been supporting for 20 years, it is highly likely they will seek to punish, and perhaps even execute, the Af- ghans who worked with us.” PleaseturntopageA8 Haiti Death Toll Soars After Powerful Quake At least 1,2
16、97 people were killed and some 5,700 injured by a powerful earthquake that struck Haiti, aggravating the crisis of an increasingly cha- otic country whose president was assassinated last month and where a coming tropical storm threatens even more By Jos de Crdoba, Ryan Dube and Edver Serisier KABULT
17、he lucky few were already inside, crowded onto the last patch of government territory that hadnt fallen to the Taliban. Outside, as thou- sands of civilians surged to break through the perimeter of Hamid Karzai International Airport, security forces fired gunshots into the air to force them back. Af
18、ghanistan was falling and desperatecivilianswere thronging the airports main terminal to make their way PleaseturntopageA6 By Yaroslav Trofimov, Dion Nissenbaum and Margherita Stancati s 2021 Dow Jones email: Need assistance with your subscription? By web: ; By email: By phone: 1-800-JOURNAL (1-800-
19、568-7625) Reprints Moodys figures the crossover will occur in 2038. The wide difference in estimates shows the impreci- sion of the calculation. Who ranks No. 1 isnt sim- ply a matter of bragging rights. The worlds largest economy sets business and consumer trends globally; it also has more resource
20、s to pour into technology and project power overseas. T he recent reversal in growth delays some- what Chinas prospec- tive economic ascendancy. Beijing also faces significant problems that could push the date back further, economists say, including a crackdown on the private sector, steep in- creas
21、es in government debt and an aging population. Chinas labor forcethose ages 15 to 59peaked in 2014, and has been shrinking since then, including a 0.5% decline in 2020, according to Capital Economics, which ex- pects Chinas GDP growth to slow to about 2% by 2030. That is roughly the same as THE OUTL
22、OOK | By Bob Davis For Now, U.S. Tops China in Growth The U.S. and China are trading places in the eco- nomic growth race. U.S. gross domestic prod- uct rose 12.2% in the second quarter of this year from a year earlier, outpacing Chinas 7.9% gain. The American edge should continue for at least the n
23、ext few quarters, many econo- mists say. That would be the first sustained period since at least 1990 in which the U.S. economy grew faster than Chinas. In the short term, the re- versal reflects the difference in the two nations responses to the Covid-19 pandemic. The coronavirus circulated earlier
24、 in China and the coun- trys leaders quickly imposed quarantines in the pandemics epicenter of Wuhan and else- where. Chinese GDP fell by 6.7% in the first quarter of 2020 from a year earlier, while the U.S. GDP registered a small gain. Chinas aggressive re- sponse initially restored the countrys gr
25、owth to a pace faster than Americas, which faced the economic brunt of the pandemic later and largely eschewed mandatory quarantines. Although the U.S. economy took longer to right itself than Chinas, the U.S. poured far more resources into a re- covery. A combination of vac- cinations, massive fisc
26、al stim- ulus and near-zero interest rates pushed the U.S. ahead of China in GDP growth. The two countries responses to the Delta variant of the coro- navirus may once again greatly affect their growth prospects. Government aid helped U.S. households accumulate $2.6 trillion in what Moodys Analytics
27、 calls excess house- hold savingssavings that ex- ceed what would have been anticipated before the pan- demic. That is nearly seven times as much as in China. M oodys forecasts that U.S. GDP growth will outstrip Chinas for five consecutive quarters, starting in the second quar- ter of 2021. Capital
28、Econom- ics and Oxford Economics see a similar trend though they think it will last three quarters. These are year-over-year comparisons because China doesnt report quarter-vs.- quarter comparisons that are annualized and seasonally ad- justed; the U.S. economy grew at a 6.5% annual rate in the seco
29、nd quarter. Economists estimates of Chinese quarter- vs.-quarter results vary widely but still tell a similar story of U.S. growth now out- pacing Chinas. Andy Rothman, a China specialist at Matthews Asia, views the growth reversal as a blip along a road leading to China eventually becoming the worl
30、ds largest economy. The recent U.S. results are “like getting so excited about the Washington Nationals winning five in a row but the expected U.S. long-term growth rate. Chinese leader Xi Jinping “appears to be working to re- gain Chinas place in history before demographic decline sets in,” said Ar
31、vind Subra- manian, an economist at the Peterson Institute for Interna- tional Economics. The U.S. also has plenty of long-term challenges to growth, including a sharply divided political system, mounting bills for healthcare and slow productivity growth. But the GDP race provides just one way to vi
32、ew relative economic strength. Derek Scissors, an American Enter- prise Institute economist, says that GDP, a gauge of na- tional output, doesnt accu- rately measure power. Wealth does. Aircraft carriers and overseas investments are paid out of a countrys wealth, not its GDP, he says. Between 2011 a
33、nd 2021 China closed the GDP gap with the U.S. by $2 trillion, according to International Monetary Fund estimates. But during that same pe- riod, Americas lead in wealth increased by $13.5 trillion, according to Credit Suisse estimates. Chinese wealth grew faster on aver- age than Americas but that
34、hasnt been fast enough to narrow the dollar total. “Its the wealth of nations, not the production of na- tions that matters,” said Mr. Scissors. RealGDP,changefromayearearlier Sources: Commerce Department (U.S.), National Bureau of Statistics of the Peoples Republic of China (China) and Moodys Analy
35、tics (forecasts) Note: Forecast is August 2021 baseline scenario 20 10 5 0 5 10 15 % 2000102030401991 China U.S. Foot traffic was light in downtown El Paso, Texas, this month, above, which has hurt businesses like Gregoria Floress, below. PAUL RATJE FOR THE WALL STREET JOURNAL (2) Heard on the Stree
36、t: China faces damage from Delta. B10 更多细分领域报告请关注搜搜报告（s o s o y a n b a o ），行研君胃：s o s o b a o g a o THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.Monday, August 16, 2021 |A3 U.S. NEWS Hospitalizations of Covid-19 patients in their 30s have hit a record, U.S. government data show, a sign of the toll that the highly conta
37、gious Delta variant is taking among the unvaccinated. Thirty-somethingshad largely avoided hospital stays for Covid-19 during earlier phases of the pandemic. Yet the age group is seeing new Covid-19 hospital admissions increaseduringtheDelta- driven surge, which doctors and epidemiologists attribute
38、 to the failure of large numbers of Americans to get vaccinated and their highly active lives. The rate at which adults 30 to 39 are entering hospitals with Covid-19 reached about 2.5 per 100,000 people as of last Wednesday, according to the latest data from the Cen- ters for Disease Control and Pre
39、vention and Department of Health and Human Services, up from the previous peak of roughly 2 per 100,000 people in early January. “It means Delta is really bad,” said James Lawler, an infectious-diseasephysician and co-director of the Global Center for Health Security at the University of Nebraska Me
40、dical Center. The strain is more trans- missible, Dr. Lawler said, and studies indicate that infected people can develop more se- vere illness than from other strains. The Delta variant became the dominant strain in the U.S. in early July. It has pushed new infections higher after the drop that foll
41、owed widespread rollout of vaccines this year. Newinfectionshave climbed above 123,000 each day, using the seven-day aver- age, which helps to smooth out irregularities in the data, according to Johns Hopkins University figures. Hospitalizations, too, have increased from low points in the spring whe
42、n more Ameri- cans became immunized. Preliminary studies indicate vaccines protect against Delta, especially against severe cases or death, but the shots appear to be less effective against the variant than against earlier versions of the coronavirus. Uneven vaccination rates across the country and
43、age groups has left pockets of peo- ple at risk. Nationally, slightly less than half of those ages 25 to 39 are fully vaccinated, versus 61% of all adults, CDC data show. Ages are available for 92% of those fully vaccinated. People 30 to 39 accounted forabout170,852new Covid-19 admissions of more th
44、an 2.5 million hospital stays since August last year, when the data became available. A surge in summer 2020 also sawrisingCovid-19cases among young people as they exited early lockdowns and re- sumed social activities. New hospital admissions of Covid-19 patients in their 30s hit 1,113 a day, on av
45、erage, during the seven days that ended Wednesday, up from 908 the prior seven days. Re- cent numbers could change because reporting lags behind. BYMELANIEEVANS ANDTAYLORUMLAUF Hospital StaysHit Recordfor Peoplein Their30s restaurant and cafe in the Se- attle suburb of Ballard, Wash. Mr. Lim said hi
46、s staff sup- ported voluntarily instituting a proof-of-vaccination require- ment when the restaurant re- opened for dine-in service ear- lierthismonth.Many customers of the restaurant welcomed the move, he said, but the hostility has troubled Watsons younger workers. Thousands of other U.S. restaura
47、nts soon will be join- ing Watsons. Starting Mon- day, New York City restaurants must verify that a customer has had at least one dose of a vaccine before entering to eat, with city enforcement starting on Sept. 13. New Orleans also will start to impose a vaccina- tionmandateornegative Covid-19 test
48、 for indoor dining starting Monday. Philadelphia last week added an incentive for restaurants to check vacci- nation status, saying that in- door dining without masks can continue only if all patrons and workers are vaccinated. San Francisco will begin en- forcing one of the strictest rules Friday,
49、allowing only fully vaccinated people to dine indoors. Elsewhere in Califor- nia, Palm Springs and Cathe- dral City will begin requiring proof of vaccination or a re- cent negative Covid-19 test for indoor dining and drinking in the coming weeks. Los Angeles is weighing similar measures. “Our economy is so depen- dent on tourism. Its essential to be known that we are safe,” saidPalmSpringsMayor Christy Gilbert Holstege. Theproof-of-vaccine screening is the latest in a se- ries of pandemic-related re- quirements placed on restau- rants over the last