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1、2021-2022学年陕西省宝鸡市渭滨区高一上学期期末考试英语试题第I卷（选择题，总分值100分）第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In t
2、he street.B. In a supermarket.C. In the post office.【答案】A【解析】【原文】 M: Excuse me. How can I get to the nearest supermarket?W: Its on Penning Road. Go past the post office and it*s on your left.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the woman likely to do?A. Make a phone call.B. Have a rest.C. deal with the prob
3、lem【答案】B【解析】【原文】 W: Do you think you can take care of everything in the office today?M: No problem. Just go home and take a rest. If there is anything I feel I cannot deal with, Ell call you.3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How much will the man pay?A. $520.B. $80.C. $100.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: How much is that in tot
4、al?W: $100. But if you have a membership card, I can give a 20% discount.M: Great! This is my membership card.emotional state. they are going to become more positive about the work.However, you may have a list of your favorite songs, but not all kinds of music match all homework. For maths or other
5、subjects involving numbers or attention to detail, you should listen to classical music, the study found. In the study, pop music enabled participants to complete their tasks 58% faster than when listening to no music at all. If you are reviewing your English writing, pop music is the best choice, a
6、s it is the best kind for spell checking. It cut mistakes by 14%, compared to listening to no music. After finishing your homework, do you often take time to check your answers? Maybe, some dance music is suitable for you.28. What did the participants have to do in the study ?A. Persuade their paren
7、ts to listen to music.B. Do a series of work without rest or pause.C. Complete five tasks in five days without help.D. Finish tasks with music or without music at all.29. What does the underlined word they in Para 4 refer to?A.Results.B.Tools.C.Participants.D.Tests.30. When you review your English w
8、riting, what kind of music should you listen to?A.Classical music.B.Dance music.C.Pop music.D.Rock music.31. What is the best title for the text?A. Music Helps Us to LearnWe Cant Live Without MusicB. Not All Music Suits YouListen to Different Music【答案】28.D29. C 30. C 31. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章告诉人们
9、：新的研究说明，听音乐可以提高工作的效率和准确 性。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段 The participants completed these tasks while listening to music or no music at all. 可知，参与者分为带有音乐或没有音乐完成任务。应选D。【29题详解】词义猜想题。根据文章第四段 The results showed that while music was playing, 88% of participants produced their most accurate test results and 81% com
10、pleted their fastest work.和最后一句 they are going to become more positive about the work.可知，这里的them指代前面的participants,即参与者。应选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段 If you are reviewing your English writing, pop music is the best choice, as it is the best kind for spell checking.可知，背英语时听流行音乐是最好的选择。应选C。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章
11、第一段 A new study, conducted by British company Mindlab International, has found that listening to music at work increases accuracy （精确）and speed, The Telegraph reported.和全文内容可知，新的研 究说明，听音乐可以提高工作的效率和准确性，从而帮助我们的工作学习。应选A。DIn modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value
12、it highly , believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity . Others say that competition is bad ; that it sets one person against another ; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people .I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied （依赖）o
13、n how well they performed at tennis and other skills . For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit （追求）of success , the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten .However , while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed
14、, others take an opposite attitude .In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players , they strongly blame competition . Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people
15、 . I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success . By not trying , they always have an excuse : “I may have lost. but it doesnt matter because I really didnt try . “What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had
16、 really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth . Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves . Both are based on the mistaken belief that ones self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison wit
17、h others . Both are afraid of not being valued . Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve （缓解）can we discover a new meaning in competition .32. What does this passage mainly talk about?A. Competition helps to set up self-respect.B. Opinions about competition are different amo
18、ng peopleC. Competition is harmful to personal quality development.D. Failures are necessary experiences in competitionWhy do some people favor competition according to the passage?A. It pushes society forward.B. It builds up a sense of duty.C. It improves personal abilitiesD. It encourages individu
19、al effortsThe underlined phrase “the most vocal“ in Paragraph 3 means.A. those who try their best to winthose who value competition most highlyB. those who are against competition most stronglythose who rely on others most for success33. Which point of view may the author agree to?A. Every effort sh
20、ould be paid back.B. Competition should be encouraged.C. Winning should be a life-and-death matter.D. Fear of failure should be removed in competition.【答案】32.B33. A 34. C 35. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述的是不同的人对待竞争的不同的观点。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competit
21、ion. 及全文内容 可知，对于竞争，不同的人有不同的观点。故B正确。33题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二行Some value it highly , believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity（一些人非常重视它，认为它是社会进步和繁荣的原因）”可知，它推动社会向前开展。故A正确。 【34题详解】词义猜想题。根据本句 “youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society .（承受
22、来自父母或社会竞争压力 年轻人。）”可猜想the most vocal就是指那些遭受巨大竞争压力的 人，他们反对竞争，故C正确。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot说明这些人害怕失败，害怕竞争。所有才会有各种各样的逃避竞争的现象，所以我 们要把对失败的恐惧从竞争中去除掉。故D正确。【点睛】本文主要讲述的是不同的人对待竞争的不同的观点。有人认为竞争有利于社会进步
23、，有人那么认为 竞争让人与人之间的关系变得紧张。集中考查了推理题，做此类题时，学生应尽可能地利用生词所在的上 下文来猜想，即利用我们所熟悉的词或短语和上下文中的局部进行逻辑上的推理，有时还需依靠常识 和经验。第二节（共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Many people think that English writing is difficult. 36 Here are some great writing tips that will help you improve your writing in a
24、 short time.Dont ramble（长篇大论）.This is a very common mistake made by people who have poor writing skills. When they ramble, they are not paying attention to grammar. As a result, their sentences become very long. 37 If you know you have poor grammar, use short sentences.38 Think about each sentence c
25、arefully to make sure that it is correct before moving on. Its better to write a short passage that is easy to read and mistake-free than to write a long article that is filled with grammar mistakes.Increase your vocabulary. If you dont have a large vocabulary, you will find it difficult to write as
26、 you cant find right words to express yourself clearly. The solution （解决方法）to this problem is to increase your vocabulary.39 You can do this by reading the local newspapers daily, borrowing books from the library or watching English programs.Dont write when you are tired. Tiredness can lead to nothi
27、ng to write. If you find yourself looking at a blank piece of paper with nothing to write, dont just sit there! Take a walk or a warm shower, or simply lie down to get some rest. 40 Youll find that youll enjoy your writing a lot more and make fewer mistakes!A. Find out the mistakes youve made.B. Mak
28、e sure your sentences are correct.C. You can pick up new words almost anywhere.D. Write what interests you most in the beginning.E. As a result, they may give up after trying hard for a while.F. The longer the sentences are, the more mistakes theyll make.G. When your mind is relaxed, you should go b
29、ack to your writing.【答案】36. E 37. F 38. B 39. C 40. G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了能够在短时间内帮助提高写作的几个写作技巧。【36题详解】过渡句。上文中提到了很多人认为英语写作很难，下文提到要介绍几个技巧，再结合所给选项，可知E “结 果，他们努力一段时间后就可能放弃了 ”衔接最好，应选E。【37题详解】过渡句。结合上文的their sentences become very long （他们的句子变得很长）和下文的If you know you have poor grammar, use short sentences.
30、（如果你知道你的语法不好，就使用短句子）可知，F “你写的句子越长, 语法错误就有可能越多。”衔接最好，应选F。【38题详解】主题句。本段主要讲述了要力争写出准确的句子，为了防止错误，文章要写的短小准确，由此可推测出本 段的主题句为B “确保你的句子是正确的，应选B。【39题详解】推断句。结合上文及下文的 You can do this by reading the local newspapers daily, borrowing books from the library or watching English programs.可推断出，此处要表达：在任何地方都能学到词汇，而C正是此意
31、，应选C。【40题详解】 推断句。根据上文提到，疲劳的时候写作容易犯错，或写不出来，这个时候出去散散步，洗个热水澡或躺 下来休息一下，由此可推测出，放轻松就容易写出文章来，而G当你的思想放松时，你应该回到你的写作” 与上文衔接很好，应选G。第三局部英语知识运用（共两节，总分值45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Jack was an American soldier. One day after he retired, he found hims
32、elf 41 and then was told by the doctor that his kidneys （肾）were broken.Jack, who was already 69 years old, 42started dialysis （化疗）,which didnt work well. The doctor saidthe transplant （移植）was a good choice. However, after several months, searching, no suitable 43 was found. Jack was so 44 that, in e
33、arly 2018, he even 45 not attending a get-together party with some soldiers who he hadnt seen for many years in Monterey, California. Finally, with his wife Shirleys 46 he decided to go, and that turned out to be a life-changing 47.In California, Jack48with six fellow soldiers, including one he hadn
34、t seen in nearly 50 years, Danny.Jack told them about his49,“I asked him what his blood type is, and it 50to be mine,“ says Danny. I was immediately thinking, gosh. I might be able to 51Danny, then 70, was healthy and energetic. 52. when he told Shirley that he wanted to donate a kidney toher husban
35、d, she worried that he might be too 53 But Danny really wanted to help and 54 to have a try. He sent his 55 records to where Jack was treated and soon, he was asked to take a series of physical examinations. 56、the result showed that he was a perfect match.The doctors gave him the OK to 57、and the s
36、urgery （夕卜科手术）was a success. “Its pretty amazing to beable to take a（n） 58 organ （器官）out of one persons body, put it in another persons body, and have it59 J Danny says. And theres nothing 60 than helping another person live a better life.B 52. C 53. A 54. D 55. A 56. B 57. C 58. A 59. B 60. C41. A.
37、 depressedB. nervousC. tiredD. upset42. A. suddenlyB. immediatelyC. happilyD. simply43. A. doctorB. hospitalC. planD. match44. A. stubbornB. angryC. confusedD. discouraged45. A. consideredB. regrettedC. forgotD. suggested46. A. permissionB. revolutionC. invitationD. encouragement47. A. supportB. dec
38、isionC. get-togetherD.success48. A. reunitedB. cooperatedC. connectedD. discussed49. A. ideaB. achievementC. situationD. ambition50. A. tendsB. needsC. seemsD.happens51. A. comeB. helpC.changeD. participate52. A. ThereforeB. BesidesC. HoweverD. Meanwhile53. A. oldB. farC. thinD. kind54. A. refusedB.
39、 promisedC. respondedD. determined55. A. medicalB. militaryC. serviceD. consuming56. A. HopefullyB. LuckilyC. ObviouslyD. Honestly57. A. removeB. admitC. donateD. return58. A. livingB. preciousC. extraD. special59. A. growB. workC. pauseD. move60. A. strangerB. funnierC. betterD. harder【答案】41. C42.
40、B43. D 44. D45. A 46. D 47. B48. A 49. C 50. D51.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了退伍的老兵Jack需要接受肾脏移植手术却苦苦找不到合适的供体, 在他参加一次老战友聚会时意外地发现了生机，70岁的老战友Danny 了解到他们血型相同后，毅然决定了 要把肾捐给Jack,手术最终获得了成功。41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：退休后的一天，他发现自己很累，然后医生告诉他，他的肾脏破裂了。A. depressed 沮丧的；B. nervous紧张不安的；C.tired疲惫的；D.upset心烦的。从并列句句意中医生告诉他肾脏有问题 来推断
41、，应该是突然感到身体不适、很疲惫。应选C项。【42题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当时已经69岁的杰克立即开始化疗，但效果并不好。A. suddenly突然地；B. immediately立亥U； C.happily快乐地；D.simply简单地。根据上文内容可知既然查出来肾脏有问题，以及下 一句The doctor said the transplant （移植）was a good choice.（医生说移植是个不错的选择。）“可知，Jack马上 开始接受治疗。应选B项。【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而几个月的搜寻过后，仍然没有找到匹配的供体。A. doctor医生；B. h
42、ospital 医院；C.plan计划；D.match匹配。结合常识可知，器官移植需要找到合适的供体，即要求能够匹配。结 合下文“the result showed that he was a perfect match.（结果说明他是一个完美的供体）“可知，match表示“匹配 的供体”，应选D项。【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2018年初，杰克非常沮丧，他甚至考虑不参加与一些多年未见的士兵在加利 福尼亚州蒙特雷举行的聚会。A. stubborn固执的；B. angry生气的；C. confused迷惑的；D. discouraged泄 气的，沮丧。Jack找不到合适的供体，病情
43、得不到好转，再结合“他不考虑参加聚会”，可以推断他的心情 是比拟低落的。应选D项。【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2018年初，杰克非常沮丧，他甚至考虑不参加与一些多年未见的士兵在加利福 尼亚州蒙特雷举行的聚会。A. considered考虑;B. regretted后悔；C.forgot忘记;D. suggested建议。根据 Jim的现状和沮丧的心情，他对于参加战友重聚应该是提不起兴趣的，所以是他不考虑去参加聚会。应选A 项。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，在妻子雪莉的鼓励下，他决定去，而这最终成为了一个改变人生的决定。 A. permission 允许；B. revo
44、lution 改革；C. invitation 邀请；D. encouragement 鼓励。从下文中可知 Shirley 就 是Jack的妻子，本来他是不考虑去的，后来改变了主意，可见是由于妻子的鼓励。应选D项。47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，在妻子雪莉的鼓励下，他决定去，而这最终成为了一个改变人生的决定。 A. support支持；B. decision决定；C. get-together重聚；D. success成功。Jack决定去参加聚会,这里与前 句的decide对应，就指Jack要去参加战友聚会的决定。应选B项。48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在加州，杰克与六名战友重
45、聚，其中包括他近50年未见的丹尼。A. reunited重 聚；B. cooperated合作；C. connected连接；D. discussed讨论。根据前文内容可知，Jack至U力口州参力口“get-together party,所以Jack和六位战友重聚了。应选A项。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰克把他的情况告诉了他们。A. idea想法；B. achievement成就；C.situation情 况；D. ambition 野心。根据下文“I asked him what his blood type is, and it to be mine, says Danny.
46、I was immediately thinking, gosh. I might be able to(“我问他是什么血型，碰巧是我的血型，”丹尼说。我马上就在想，天哪。我也许能帮上忙。“广可知，Jack将自己得病的情况告诉了战友们。应选C项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我问他是什么血型，碰巧是我的血型，”丹尼说。“我马上就在想，天哪。我也 许能帮上忙。A. tends趋向于;B. needs需要；C. seems似乎；D. happens发生。这里是引述Danny的原话， 从其反响来看以及下文可知，Danny为Jack捐献器官，可知此处要表达“血型恰好一样，短语happen t
47、o是 “恰巧、碰巧”的意思，符合文意。应选D项。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我问他是什么血型，碰巧是我的血型，”丹尼说。“我马上就在想，天哪。我也 许能帮上忙。A e来；B. help帮助；C.change改变；D. participate参加。既然两人血型一样，就很有 可能提供匹配的器官来帮助Jack好转，所以此时Danny说“我应该能帮助“，应选B项。【52题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，当他告诉雪莉，他想把一个肾捐给她的丈夫时，她担忧Danny可能太老 T o A. Therefore 因此；B. Besides 除了； C. However 然而；D. Meanwhi
48、le 同时。分析前后句逻辑关系，Danny 想捐献器官，但他已经70岁，Shirley却表示担忧Danny年纪太大了，可能经不起手术折腾，即需要表示转 折关系的连词。应选C项。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当他告诉雪莉，他想把一个肾捐给她的丈夫时，她担忧Danny可能太 老了。A. old年老的；B. far远的；C thin瘦的；D. kind善良的。结合上下文可知，句中的he指的是70岁 的Danny, Shirley担忧的应该是他上了年纪经不起手术的折腾。应选A项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但Danny真的想帮助并且决定了要试一试。A. refused拒绝；B. promised承诺； C. responded 答复;D. determined 决定。从下文“He sent hisrecords to where Jack was treated a