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1、Topic 10,Division,In division, We have to determine where to divide, how to divide, what the subject or the predicate of the new clause or sentence should be, and how to rearrange various parts of the original sentence. (Conversion, Addition, Inversion),Picking out of words,It is advisable to pick o
2、ut words which are hard to reproduce in the original structure and expand them into Chinese word-groups, clauses or sentences. (1) Determine which words to pick out; (2) Apply Conversion or Addition, if necessary, to make it smooth. (3)Rearrange the word order according to the Chinese mode of expres
3、sion.,Examples,他提醒了我，要不然我就把这事给忘了。 他提醒我那些不提起或许会忘记的事。,He reminded me of what I should otherwise have forgotten,The headlines of the Paris and London newspapers were big， black， and frightened. 巴黎和伦敦的报纸用的是大号黑体标题,显得惊慌失措. 巴黎和伦敦的报纸的标题是大号、黑体、和恐慌的.,、,They relentlessly tear at the flowers they see. 他们见花就摘,豪不
4、爱惜. 他们无情地摘他们看到的花. I shall be glad of your company on the journey. 如果你能陪我一块儿去, 我会很高兴.,Picking out of phrases,Participial phrases, noun phrases, and prepositional phrases, etc., if hard to reproduce in the original structure, may likewise be picked out and expanded.,Examples,His article is a well-writ
5、ten composition with good organization and fine style. 他的文章写的好,结构严密,风格优美. I waited in growing impatience to get on my way, not for one minute but for quite a considerable time. 我等着要上路,越等越不耐烦,哪里是等一会儿,一等就是老半天.,拆译定语从句,On behalf of all of your American guests, I wish to thank you for the incomparable ho
6、spitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world. 我仅代表你们的所有美国客人向你们表示感谢,感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待.中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名于世.,Bright sunshine flooded the street where a group of boys in Sunday clothes were playing ball. 大街上阳光灿烂.一群穿着假日服装的孩子正在街上玩球. This was the period when Einstein began the re
7、search which resulted in the creation of his famous Theory of Relativity. 就在这期间,爱因斯坦开始进行一项研究,经过这项研究,他创立了著名的相对论.,定语从句拆译-点睛四六级,1.定语从句较长，或者虽然不长，但汉译时放在被修饰语之前实在不通顺的就后置，作为词组或分句。 (1)Each kind of atom seems to have a definite number of “hand” that it can use to hold on to others.每一种原子似乎都有一定数目的“手”，用来抓牢其它原子。(
8、顺序分译法)每一种原子似乎都有一定数目用于抓牢其它原子的手。这句限制性定语从句虽然不长，但用顺序分译法译出的译文要比用逆序合译法更为通顺。,(2)Let AB in the figure above represent an inclined plane the surface of which is smooth and unbending.设上图中AB代表一个倾斜平面，其表面光滑不弯。(顺序分译法)设上图中AB代表一个其表面为光滑不弯的倾斜平面。(逆序合译法)上面两种译法，看来也是用顺序分译法比用逆序合译法更为通顺简明。,2. 定语从句较长，与主句关联又不紧密，汉译时就作为独立句放在主句之
9、后。这种译法仍然是顺序分译法。例如：(1)Such a slow compression carries the gas through a series of states. each of which is very nearly an equilibrium state and it is called a quasi-static or a“nearly static”process.,这样的缓慢压缩能使这种气体经历一系列的状态，但各状态都很接近于平衡状态，所以叫作准静态过程，或“近似稳定”过程。(2)Friction wears away metal in the moving pa
10、rts, which shortens their working life.运动部件间的摩擦力使金属磨损，这就缩短了运动部件的使用寿命。,3、There + be句型中的限制性定语从句汉译时往往可以把主句中的主语和定语从句溶合一起，译成一个独立的句子。这种译法叫作溶合法，也叫拆译法。例如： (1)There is a one-seater which you could learn to drive in fifty minutes. 有一种单座式汽车，五十分钟就能学会驾驶,(2)There are bacteria that help plants grow, others that get rid of dead animals and plants by making them decay, and some that live in soil and make it better for growing crops. 有些细菌能帮助植物生长，另一些细菌则通过腐蚀来消除死去的动物和植物，还有一些细菌则生活在土壤里，使土壤变得对种植庄稼更有好处。,