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1、关于高一英语定语从句现在学习的是第1页，共47页定语从句的基本概念定语从句的基本概念1 定语从句是整个句子充当定语定语从句是整个句子充当定语,来修饰名来修饰名词或代词。被定语从句所修饰的词叫词或代词。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词先行词，定语从句一般定语从句一般紧跟紧跟先行词。定从一般用先行词。定从一般用关系关系代词代词或或关系副词关系副词引导，关系词在含义上引导，关系词在含义上替代替代先行词先行词,并在定语从句中并在定语从句中充当一个成分充当一个成分。现在学习的是第2页，共47页定语从句的基本概念定语从句的基本概念2vThe man who came to see me this mornin
2、g is my cousin.今天早晨来看我的人是我表弟.先行词 定语从句 关系代词作主语，不可省 现在学习的是第3页，共47页定语从句的基本概念定语从句的基本概念3v关系代词关系代词：v代人代人:who（主语主语/宾语），宾语），whom（宾语）v代物代物:which（主语主语/宾语）宾语）v代人或物代人或物:that (主语主语/宾语宾语)vWhose 某人的/某物的,（先行词的所有格先行词的所有格)；v关系代词在从句中关系代词在从句中做主语，不能省略做主语，不能省略;v做宾语，可以省略。做宾语，可以省略。现在学习的是第4页，共47页定语从句的基本概念定语从句的基本概念4v关系副词：关系副
3、词：vWhere 表示地点，在定从中作地点状语地点状语;vWhen 表示时间，在定从中作时间状语时间状语;vWhy 表示原因，在定从中作原因状语原因状语。现在学习的是第5页，共47页v关系代词关系代词vwhichvwho/whomvthatv关系副词关系副词vwhenvwherevwhyv诀窍诀窍:v先找定语从句所先找定语从句所修饰的先行词修饰的先行词;v再判断定从里缺少再判断定从里缺少成分吗成分吗?v如缺成分如缺成分,缺的是缺的是什么成分什么成分?主语还主语还是宾语是宾语?现在学习的是第6页，共47页v1.Do you know the lady _ gave us a speech las
4、t week?v(who,that)v2.The book _ cost me 1,200 yuan is an encyclopaedia.v(which,that)现在学习的是第7页，共47页v3.He is a man _ we should learn from.v(whom,who,that,/)v4.That is the place _ I was born.v(where)现在学习的是第8页，共47页v15.The tool _ he is working with is called a tin opener.v(which,that,/)vThe tool with _ h
5、e is working is called a tin-opener.v(which)现在学习的是第9页，共47页veg:The book is for the people whose native language is not English.veg:whose cover is red.I bought a bookt th he e c co ov ve er r o of f w wh hi ic ch h i is s r re ed.d.v o of f w wh hi ic ch h t th he e c co ov ve er r i is s r re ed.d.ve
6、 eg:g:C Ch hi il ld de er rn n w wh ho os se e p pa ar re en nt ts s a ar re e d de ea ad d a ar re e c ca al ll le ed d o or rp ph ha an ns.s.现在学习的是第10页，共47页v16.The gift was sent by her son _is serving in the army.v(who,that)v17.The gift was sent by her son,who is serving in the army.v(16,限制性定从限制性定
7、从,限定作用限定作用;v 17,非限制性定从非限制性定从,补充修饰作用补充修饰作用)现在学习的是第11页，共47页v18.How many students are there in your class _ homes are in Pudong new area?v(whose)v19.They have invited us to visit their school,which is very kind of them.v(非限制性定从中的which还可以指代前面一句话!)现在学习的是第12页，共47页v20.The road was widened,which was exactly
8、 what we wanted.现在学习的是第13页，共47页只用只用that,不能用不能用which的的5种情况种情况A.当先行词是不定代词时当先行词是不定代词时(anything，everything，nothing，all，little)1.Do you have anything that you dont understand?2.Everything that can be done has been done.3.Im not interested in all that he told me.=Im not interested in what he told me.（宾从）现
9、在学习的是第14页，共47页vB.当先行词被最高级形容词所修饰时当先行词被最高级形容词所修饰时,v1.This is the highest building that I have ever seen.v2.Do you think this is the most powerful computer that has ever been invented?vC.当先行词被序数词修饰时当先行词被序数词修饰时 v1.The second question that was discussed at the meeting was the most important.v2.This is th
10、e last book that is on my reading list.现在学习的是第15页，共47页vD.当先行词被当先行词被all，no，only，any，very，just，much等词修饰时等词修饰时This is the very book that Ive been looking for.This is the only example that I can give you.现在学习的是第16页，共47页E.当先行词由人和物共同组成当先行词由人和物共同组成Here are the people and the books that/O I love.现在学习的是第17页，
11、共47页不能用不能用that的两种情况的两种情况vA.在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中v1.Weve collected many stamps,which are all very nice.v2.This note was left by Mr.Wu,who was here a moment ago.vB.在介词后面在介词后面v1.This is country to which he wants to go.v2.At our school,there are about 200 foreign students,most of whom are from Europe.现在学
12、习的是第18页，共47页ASAs也是也是关系代词，关系代词，用于用于1.Suchas 和和 the sameas结构中结构中I want to buy such a skirt as you are wearing.I want to buy the same skirt as you are wearing.(比较:I want to buy the same skirt that you are wearing.)现在学习的是第19页，共47页ASv2.或在非限制性定语从句中表示前面整个句子或在非限制性定语从句中表示前面整个句子.vShe has done a good job,as we
13、 all know.vAs we all know,she has done a good job.现在学习的是第20页，共47页Way做先行词做先行词?vWay做先行词做先行词,表示方式方法表示方式方法:v定语从句中定语从句中,可以用可以用v1.in whichv2.thatv3.O现在学习的是第21页，共47页Way做先行词做先行词?v1.Wallance and Darwin agreed on the way in which different forms of life had begun.v2.The way in which these comrades look at pro
14、blems is wrong.v3.The way that these comrades look at problems is wrong.现在学习的是第22页，共47页Way做先行词做先行词?v4.The way these comrades look at problems is wrong.v5.Musicians rarely agree on the way a piece of music should be played.现在学习的是第23页，共47页CLASSICAL QUESTIONS ,v1.The old woman has two sons,one of _ is
15、a professor.v2.The old woman has two sons,and one of _ is a professor.v(1.whom,v2.them)现在学习的是第24页，共47页CLASSICAL QUESTIONS ,3.Do you know why he was absent?（宾从）4.Do you know the reason why he was absent?（定从）5.Do you know the reason which(that)may explain his absence?（定语从句）以上三句含义相同，句式不同。现在学习的是第25页，共47
16、页CLASSICAL QUESTIONS ,6.The reason that you were ill yesterday is not accepted.（你昨天生病的原因没有被接受。）v这是一句“同位语”从句的句子，“reason”与“you were ill yesterday”表达的是同等意思，因此关系词不能用“which”，只能用“that”。现在学习的是第26页，共47页CLASSICAL QUESTIONS ,v7.The news that our team won the game made us excited.（我们队赢的消息使我们激动.同位语从句）8.The news
17、 which(that)I heard through the radio is exciting.（我从广播中听到的消息令人激动.定语从句）现在学习的是第27页，共47页CLASSICAL QUESTIONS ,9.定语从句中的插入语定语从句中的插入语 vHe made a speech,which I thoughtI thought was of great importance.vJimmy is the boy,who everybody believeseverybody believes will win the first prize in the singing compet
18、ition.现在学习的是第28页，共47页CLASSICAL QUESTIONS ,v在上述句子中，I thought,everybody believes是插入语，还有I suppose,everybody knows等在定语从句中出现，容易受其迷惑而用错关系词。比如在上述第二句中就不能用“whom”，因为“who”是从句的主语，而“everybody believes”是插入语。因此在有插入语的定语从句中，考虑用什么关系代词或副词时，可暂时不考虑插入语，以免受其迷惑。现在学习的是第29页，共47页1 The journey around the world took the old sai
19、lor nine months,_ thesailing time was 226 days.(2004 全国卷全国卷)A.of which B.during which C.from which D.for which现在学习的是第30页，共47页2.I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.(2004 湖南卷湖南卷)A.how B.which C.where D.that现在学习的是第31页，共47页3.Many people who had seen the film were afraid
20、to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ people were eaten by the tiger.(2005 广东卷广东卷)A.in which B.by which C.which D.that现在学习的是第32页，共47页4.Were just trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk.(2006 山东卷山东卷)A.where B.that C.when D.which现在学习的是第33页，共47页5.I was given
21、 three books on cooking,the first _ I really enjoyed.(2006 浙江卷浙江卷)A.of that B.of which C.that D.which现在学习的是第34页，共47页6.Last week,only two people came to look at the house,_ wanted to buy it.(2007 安徽卷安徽卷)A.none of them B.both of them C.none of whom D.neither of whom现在学习的是第35页，共47页7.Eric received train
22、ing in computer for one year,_ he found a job in a big company.(2007 辽宁卷辽宁卷)A.after that B.after which C.after it D.after this现在学习的是第36页，共47页1.The person _ you should write to is Mr.Ball.2.The person to _ you should write is Mr.Ball.3.The games _ he competed in were swimming and shooting.4.The games
23、 in _ he competed were swimming and shooting.who/that/whomwhomwhich/thatwhichComplete the following sentences using attributive clauses.现在学习的是第37页，共47页5.The poor boy _ lost both his parents last year lives with his grandfather.6.This is the factory _ he worked ten years ago.7.This is the factory _ m
24、akes toys.8.He is the boy _family was poor.9.The pen _ he is writing now was bought yesterday.who/thatwhere/in whichwhosewhich/thatwith which现在学习的是第38页，共47页单句改错单句改错v1.Anyone who break the law will be severely v punished.v2.We can take steps to cut the amount of carbon dioxide that sent out into the
25、air.v3.He is one of the students who has been praised by our teacher.v4.He is the only one of the students who have been praised by our teacher.现在学习的是第39页，共47页单句改错单句改错v5.He bought many books yesterday,most of them are written in English.v6.The way in which he mentioned at the meeting is quite good.v
26、7.We will never forget the days we spent on the farm then.v8.He was admitted to a key university last year,it made his parents proud.现在学习的是第40页，共47页定语从句注意事项v 学科：英语v 年级：高一v 内容：语法专项v 学校：山丹一中v 教师姓名：邹秀玲现在学习的是第41页，共47页定语从句注意事项v1.关系代词代替先行词在定从中作主语时，定从谓动必须遵循时态和语态规则。veg:Do you know the man who is talking to
27、our head teacher?veg:The mountain climbers who were trapped in the storm were finally saved.现在学习的是第42页，共47页定语从句注意事项v2.定语从句中的主谓一致问题：veg:He told the news to those who were present at the meeting.v3.先行词在定从中所做的成分必须用词替代。veg:The watch I bought it(it取掉)yesterday has gone wrong.v4.关系代词的省略：仅是代替先行词在定从中作宾语时。现在
28、学习的是第43页，共47页定语从句注意事项veg:The expert we visited last week is from Shanghai.v5.先行词是人且在从句中作宾语时关系代词可以是that,whom,who,或不填。v6.that,why不能引导非限定性定从，其余均可且用法同限定性定从一样。现在学习的是第44页，共47页定语从句注意事项v7.非限定性定从与简单句和并列句的差别。eg:She has two sons,both of whom are doctors.vShe has two sons.Both of them are doctors.vShe has two sons,and both of them are doctors.现在学习的是第45页，共47页定语从句注意事项v8.先行词是时间，地点，原因时，定从的引导词要分情况。先行词在定从中作主语，宾语时，用that,which。作状语时，用when,where（可用介词加which替换）,why或for which。现在学习的是第46页，共47页感谢大家观看感谢大家观看现在学习的是第47页，共47页