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1、关于高中英语必修语法作状语讲解现在学习的是第1页，共26页 .Revision of Ings function:1.The sleeping boy is disturbed.2.I saw the boy cheating in the exam.3.Seeing is believing.4.My job is teaching.5.They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.AttributeObjectivecomplementSubjectPredicativeObject现在学习的是第2页，共26页.课文中出
2、现的课文中出现的Ing句子，分析其所做的成分。句子，分析其所做的成分。I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously I stood for a minute watching them and went to greet them.3.She stepped back appearing surprised 4.Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling,together with 5.When Darlene Coulon from Franc
3、e came dashing through the door.状语描述动词状语描述动词=副词副词现在学习的是第3页，共26页1.As soon as they heard the bell,they rushed out of the room.=Hearing the bell,they rushed out of.2.As he was rather sleepy,he didnt hear the bell.Being rather sleepy,he didnt hear the bell.was-be-being 3.As he didnt hear the bell,he did
4、nt rushed out of the classroom.Not hearing the bell,he didnt rushed out of the classroom.动词的动词的-ing形式可以作形式可以作状语状语,否定式：否定式：Not+doing/being 现在学习的是第4页，共26页.The Present Participle as Adverbial 1)表方式、伴随情况地状语表方式、伴随情况地状语：They went into the classroom laughing and talking.(they went into the classroom,and la
5、ughed and talked.)He sat on the sofa,watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa,and watched TV.)与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。现在学习的是第5页，共26页Walking in the street,I came across an old friend of mine.(=When I was walking in the street,I came across an ol
6、d friend of mine.)Having finished his homework,he began to play computer games.(=After he had finished his homework,he began to play computer games.)2）表时间状语）表时间状语现在学习的是第6页，共26页3)表原因状语表原因状语 Being ill,he didnt go to school.(=Because/As he was ill,he didnt go to school.)Being a student,you should study
7、 hard.(=Since you are a student,you should study hard.)现在学习的是第7页，共26页4)表条件表条件Working hard,you will do well in the exam.If you work hard,you will do well in the exam.5)表结果表结果Unfortunately the father died,leaving the family even worse off.Unfortunately the father died and left the family even worse of
8、f.现在学习的是第8页，共26页注意：注意：现在分词与不定式现在分词与不定式都可作结果状语，都可作结果状语，试比较：试比较：Their car was caught in a traffic,causing the delay.He hurried to the post office only to find it was closed.现在分词现在分词作结果状语，表示作结果状语，表示自然结果自然结果，不定式不定式作状语，表示作状语，表示出乎意料的结果出乎意料的结果。现在学习的是第9页，共26页 试判断下列状语试判断下列状语:1.Tom left home quite early,hopin
9、g he could catch the first bus.,and hoped 2.Not knowing what to do,we asked Mr.Smith for some advice.Because we didnt know 3.Arriving at the station,he found the train had left.When he arrived at（伴随（伴随/方式）方式）（原因）（原因）（时间）（时间）现在学习的是第10页，共26页.现在分词作状语其形式变化现在分词作状语其形式变化现在分词作状语现在分词作状语要注意它的各种形式变化要注意它的各种形式变化
10、:主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式 V-ing being V-ed having V-ed having been V-ed 一般式一般式完成式完成式现在学习的是第11页，共26页 After he had come out of prison,he couldnt live in peace.Having come out of prison,he couldnt live in peace.如果要强调动词如果要强调动词-ing 的动作的动作(come out of prison)发生发生在谓语动词在谓语动词(live)之前，之前，常用常用-ing的完成式的完成式。doing-havin
11、g done 现在学习的是第12页，共26页 As we hadnt finished the experiment,we planned to carry it on later.Not having finished the experiment,we planned to carry it on later.Not having done/been 现在学习的是第13页，共26页1.While watching TV,_.A.the doorbell rang.B.we heard the doorbell ring.B.2._from the top of the mountain,t
12、he city is more beautiful.A.Seeing B.SeenB.用用-ing作状语，作状语，ing的的逻辑主语逻辑主语与句子主语必须保持与句子主语必须保持一致。一致。3.Hearing the news,_.A.tears came to her eyes B.She burst into tearsB.现在学习的是第14页，共26页试判断下列句子正误试判断下列句子正误:While watching TV,I heard the bell rang.While watching TV,the bell rang.TWhile I was watching TV,I hea
13、rd the bell rang.FWhile I was watching TV,the bell rang.现在学习的是第15页，共26页注意：现在分词与过去分词注意：现在分词与过去分词都可作状语，都可作状语，如何区别？如何区别？试比较：试比较：Seeing from the mountain,we find the city is Small.Seen from the mountain,the city is small.现在分词与过去分词做状语，主要看句子的主语与分词的现在分词与过去分词做状语，主要看句子的主语与分词的关系。关系。如果是如果是主动关系，用现在分词，主动关系，用现在分词
14、，如果是如果是动宾关系，用动宾关系，用过去分词。过去分词。现在学习的是第16页，共26页.独立主格结构独立主格结构动词动词ing形式的逻辑主语和主句的主语不一致怎么办？形式的逻辑主语和主句的主语不一致怎么办？If weather permits,well have an outing next week.Weather permitting,well have an outing next week.(表条件表条件)独立主格结构独立主格结构：名词：名词/代词代词+非谓语非谓语非谓语的形式只与在它前面的名词或代词有关非谓语的形式只与在它前面的名词或代词有关现在学习的是第17页，共26页.独立成分
15、：独立成分：有些现在分词作状语，在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在有些现在分词作状语，在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，用来修饰主句，表明说话者的态度、观点等，被称为，用来修饰主句，表明说话者的态度、观点等，被称为评论评论性状语或悬垂分词性状语或悬垂分词。常见的分词短语有：常见的分词短语有：generally(frankly,honestly)speaking,supposing(假设假设),judging from(从从判断判断),talking of（谈到谈到),speaking of(谈到谈到)，considering(考虑到考虑到,鉴于鉴于)等。等。现在学习的是第18页，共26页1.Ge
16、nerally speaking,girls are more careful than boys.2.Supposing you lose,what will you do?3.Judging from his accent,he must be from the north.4.Talking of travel,have you ever been to Beijing?现在学习的是第19页，共26页归纳总结：归纳总结：动词的动词的inging形式作状语：形式作状语：相当于相应的相当于相应的状语从句状语从句动词的动词的-inging形式的形式的逻辑主语与句子主语逻辑主语与句子主语必须必须
17、一致一致1.1.动词的动词的-inging形式与句子主语之间构词形式与句子主语之间构词主动关系主动关系现在学习的是第20页，共26页1.He got up late and hurried to his office,_the breakfast untouched.left B.to leave C.leaving D.having left2.The secretary worked late into the night,_ a long speech for the president.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparing【
18、模拟练习】现在学习的是第21页，共26页3.The trainer appeared,_by six little dogs.4._more encouragement,the boy could have behaved better.A.Given B.Giving C.Give D.having given A.to followed B.following C.followed D.having followed 现在学习的是第22页，共26页5.Pressed from his parents,and _that he has wasted too much time,the boy
19、 is determined to stop playing video games.realizing B.realized C.to realize D.being realized6.to work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film.A.Having been asked B.To ask C.Having asked D.To be asked现在学习的是第23页，共26页非谓语解题非谓语解题“五步骤五步骤”：1、牢记核心意义。不定式表将来或能够，动词ing形式表主动或进行，过去分词表被动或完成。2、分析句子成分。判断句子中
20、是欠缺谓语还是非欠缺谓语还是非谓语谓语。（主要是看句子中已经有没有谓语动词了，因为英语中一个简单句中只能有一个谓语动词。）现在学习的是第24页，共26页3、寻找逻辑主语，把握主被动关系。非谓语动词虽然在语法上没有主语，但它仍表示的是动作，因此在意义上会有一个动作的发出者，这个发出者就是它的逻辑主语逻辑主语。1）如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系主动关系，用现在分词或不定式的主动式；2）如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系被动关系，则用过去分词或不定式的被式；3）如果表被动进行被动进行，则用现在分词的被动式或不 定式的被动进行式。现在学习的是第25页，共26页感谢大家观看感谢大家观看现在学习的是第26页，共26页