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1、二十三 选修 8 Unit 23 ConflictI阅读理解AA Russian spacecraft traveling to the International Space Station on Thursday had to make an emergency landing when a rocket engine failed to fire. It was the latest in a recent series of failures for the Russian space program, which is also used by the U. S. to carry
2、its astronauts to the station.United States astronaut Nick Hague and Russian astronaut Alexei Ovchinin landed safely about 20 kilometers from Dzhezkazgan in Kazakhstan. The city is about 450 kilometers from the Russia s Baikonur space center, which Russia operates through an agreement with the Repub
3、lic of Kazakhstan.Both the U. S. space agency NASA and Russia s Roscosmos reported that the two were quickly recovered from the landing area by rescue crews. A spokesman for Russian President Vladimir Putin said, “Thank goodness the crew is alive“ after they had landed safely.About two minutes after
4、 launching, the three-stage Soyuz booster rocket suffered an unspecified failure of its second stage. Russia s TASS news agency said the capsule carrying the two men separated from the troubled rocket safely. This caused the capsule to drop very sharply into the Earth s atmosphere. Parachutes （降落伞）h
5、elped slow the returning capsule. Search and rescue teams were sent to recover the crew.Russia s RIA news agency reported that Russia has immediately put off all manned space launches after the failure. Roscosmos head Dmitry Rogozin said he had ordered a state commission to carry out an investigatio
6、n into what went wrong. He said Russia wi11 share all relevant information with the U. S.The TASS news agency said that the ISS crew has enough supplies and that the failed launch will not affect operations.The U. S. and other nations have depended on Russia to carry astronauts to the ISS since the
7、retirement of the Space Shuttle program in 2021. In coming years,American aerospace companies SpaceX, with its Dragon 2, and Boeing, with its Starliner, to travel together with my mother. I have taken a month off work and we are on our way. 8 are waiting! Alex said.So in August, Alex and her 63-year
8、old retired mother, Halina, traveled to the United States for a three-week 9 that took them from coast to coast.Alex is the 10 of Looking For Heroes, a social media project, in which she photographs many of the interesting people she meets with, 11 unique tidbits （花边新闻）of their life stories at the s
9、ame time. The 12 mother and daughter traveled across the nation, visiting cities 13 Knoxville, Tennessee, New York City, Los Angeles and Washington. Along the way they took photos 14 famous backdrops （背景）in each city, making some 15 memories.Meanwhile, Alex 16 much from her mother. Her mother often
10、said My 17 to young people would be to learn new things, and what you have learned will be your biggest 18 in life. With age you stop 19 about things that don t matter. With your priorities （优 先）changing, 20 and health become the most important.【文章大意】Alex是Looking For Heroes的编辑，和妈妈一起去美国旅游采访，一路上她们 以每个
11、城市的著名景点为背景拍照，留下了难忘的记忆。她妈妈对年轻人的建议是要学习新 事物，你所学到的将是你一生中最大的财富。1. A. finallyB. simplyC. mildly D. secretly【解析】选A。一名家庭成员的去世最终（finally）让她们俩都意识到生命真的很珍贵。2. A. promised B. realizedC. guessed D. hoped【解析】选B。这里表示Alex在祖母去世之后的感悟。3. A. thus B. even C. ever D. forever【解析】选D。失去祖母之后，我意识到我和我妈妈都不会永远（forever）在这里。4. A. t
12、hink of B. put asideC. wait for D. give away【解析】选C。wait for等待。此处表示我们不能等着这个时候的到来。5. A. preparation B. workC. consideration D. rest【解析】选A。根据句意可知是准备了一周之后。preparation准备，符合语境。6. A. friendsB. relativesC. reportersD. influencers【解析】选D。influencers影响者。我们将从纽约到洛杉矶采访那些让世界变得更好的影响 者。7. A. connecting B. describing
13、C. achieving D. imagining【解析】选C。achieve实现，取得。achieve one s /the dream实现某人的梦想，是固定 搭配。8. A. Troubles B. Dreams C. Results D. Dangers【解析】选B。根据前文可知，和妈妈一起去旅行的梦想正等着我们。应选B。9. A. adventure B. campaignC. business D. gathering【解析】选A。adventure冒险。句意：Alex和她63岁的妈妈到美国旅行，进行了三周的冒 险。10. A. actress B. model C. editor
14、D. student【解析】选C。根据后文可知Alex是Looking For Heroes的编辑(editor)。11. A. inventing B. sharingC. preparing D. hearing【解析】选B。句意：Alex是Looking For Heroes的编辑，她拍摄遇到的有趣的人，同时分 享(share)他们生活故事中的独家花边新闻。应选B。12. A. frightened B. amusedC. astonished D. excited【解析】选及 根据下文可知妈妈感到兴奋(excited)。13. A. including B. arrangingC. c
15、ontaining D. expecting【解析】选A。此处表示游览的城市包括(including)Knoxville, Tennessee, New York City, Los Angeles 和 Washington。应选 A。14. A. into B. above C. against D. from【解析】选Co句意：一路上她们以每个城市的著名景点为背景拍照，留下难忘的记忆。against以为背景，应选C。15. A. unbelievable B. unforgettableC. unbearable D. unthinkable【解析】选B。unforgettable难忘的。
16、此处表示她们通过拍照片留下难忘的记忆。16. A. received B. savedC. separated D. learned【解析】选D。句意：与此同时，Alex从她妈妈那里学到了很多。应选D。17. A. position B. exampleC. advice D. experience【解析】选C。根据下文中的“to learn new things. 可知，此处表示建议。18. A. goal B. wealth C. success D. change【解析】选B。句意：我对年轻人的建议是要学习新事物，你所学到的将是你一生中最大的财 富(wealth)oA. talking
17、B. bringing C. setting D. worrying【解析】选D。随着年龄的增长，你会不再担忧(worry)不重要的事情。应选D。19. A. familyB. identity C. beautyD. job【解析】选A。此处表示随着你对待事物优先次序的改变，家庭(family)和健康会变成最重要 的。III.短文改错(2021 广州模拟)Last week, I quarrel with my parents about spending too much time on my cellphone. I felt exhausting that day, and becam
18、e very angry even though they talked to me in a friend way.I now feel ashamed and am writing with this article to apologise. There are people in the world I value, such as teacher and friends. Also, the most precious people to me is my parents. It is them who raised me and gave me happy life. I want
19、 them to know that I m deep sorry and will try to be a good person and make them proud. 答案：1 .【解析】第一句quarrel改为quarreled。考查时态。上周，用过去时。2 .【解析】第二句 exhausting 改为 exhausted。exhausted 意为“疲惫的，exhausting 令 人疲惫的。3 .【解析】第二句friend改为friendly。in a friendly way以友好的方式。4 .【解析】第三句去掉with。write是及物动词，后面不跟介词。5 .【解析】第四句t
20、eacher改为teachers。考查名词。teacher是可数名词。6 .【解析】第五句Also改为However。此处表示转折关系。7 .【解析】第五句is改为areo考查主谓一致。8 .【解析】第六句them改为they。考查强调句。对主语的强调用主格。9 .【解析】第六句在gave me后添加a,表示一个快乐的生活。10 .【解析】第七句deep改为deeplyo副词修饰形容词sorryoIV.书面表达假设你是李华，在一家网店购置了一件毛衣，昨天收到后发现毛衣后背有个小洞，你 给卖家打了几次效劳，对方 却一直占线。你也给客服发短信，无人回复。请你给卖家 Miss Smith写一封投诉信
21、。要点如下：1 .要求对方换一件新的毛衣或退款；2 .询问对方如何返还已经收到的毛衣；3 .期待对方尽快回复。注意：1 .词数100左右；2 .可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3 .开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。Dear Miss Smith,I am delighted to tell you thatI am looking forward to your early reply.Yours faithfully,Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Miss Smith,I am delighted to tell you that the sweater I bought from yo
22、ur store through theInternet arrived on time yesterday. But when checking it, I found a small hole on the back. I wonder why you didn t notice it when you delivered the sweater to me. I have dialed your service telephone number a few times, only to be repeatedly told that it was busy. I also text th
23、e Customer service, but there is no reply.This problem really makes me annoyed. Could you change a new one for me or return my money as soon as possible? By the way, how shall I send this sweater back to you?I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours faithfully,Li Huaare expected to return to sp
24、ace.【文章大意】本文属于新闻，讲述运送宇航员到国际空间站的一枚俄罗斯火箭由于发动机故 障紧急降落，所幸无人死亡。1. What caused the failure of the launch?A. The problem of the engine.B. The terrible weather.C. The drop of the capsule.D. The wrong operation.【解析】选Ao细节理解题。根据第四段中的About two minutes after launching, the three-stage Soyuz booster rocket suffer
25、ed an unspecified failure of its second stage. 可知，发射两分钟之后，三级火箭发动机遇到不明故障，导致发射失败，应选A。2. What can we learn about the launch?A. The capsule landed safely in Dzhezkazgan, Russia.B. Russia had never failed in the space launch before this failure.C. The failed launch will have a serious effect on the opera
26、tions.D. At first the capsule dropped very rapidly into the Earth? s atmosphere.【解析】选Do推理判断题。根据第四段中的This caused the capsule to drop very sharply into the EarthJ s atmosphere. Parachutes helped slow the returning capsule. 可矢口, 太空舱迅速掉入地球大气层，降落伞减缓了太空舱的降落速度，应选D。3. What can we infer from the last two par
27、agraphs?A. SpaceX is sure to go back to space soon.B. America carried astronauts to the ISS by itself before 2021.C. Now only Russia can carry astronauts to space.D. The ISS crew lives a very good life in the space station.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The U. S. and other nations have depended on Russia to c
28、arry astronauts to the ISS since the retirement of the Space Shuttle program in 2021.可知，自从2021年美国航天飞机退役，美国以及其他国家必须依靠俄罗 斯火箭运送宇航员到国际空间站，故可以得知，2021年以前，美国利用自己的航天飞机运送 宇航员，应选B。4. What can be the best title for the text?A. The Rescue of Two AstronautsThe Launch of Russian SpacecraftB. Cooperation between R
29、ussia and AmericaEmergency Landing in Failed Space Launch【解析】选Do主旨大意题。本文属于新闻，根据新闻特点，第一段第一句A Russian spacecraft traveling to the International Space Station on Thursday had to make an emergency landing when a rocket engine failed to fire. 为本文的主旨句，讲述运送宇 航员到国际空间站的一枚俄罗斯火箭由于发动机故障紧急降落，应选DoB（2021 开封模拟）The
30、Little Baby Face Foundation （LBFF） is a NYC-based nonprofit organization with a great deal of controversy. Founded in 2002, it provides free plastic surgery for children born with facial deformities （畸形）.Many teenagers who have been teased for their looks are now applying to have their problem areas
31、 “fixed“ by LBFF.Nadia, one 14-year-old teenager, had her face greatly changed in June when she went under the knife. Her classmates had been constantly making fun of her appearance. “They said I have the biggest ears that they ve ever seen. They called me elephant ears, “ Nadia said. Those comments
32、 hurt her a lot. She even considered how to end her own life.But Nadia tried to keep the bullying a secret from her mother, Lynda. Her mother was already dealing with mounting medical bills for her 9-year-old son, Josh, who had a serious brain disease. When her mother did finally find out about the
33、bullying, she was heartbroken.Nadia decided to end her bullying problems with plastic surgery. Then her mother turned to the LBFF, which accepted Nadia s application. The surgeries were very painful and it took months for her face to heal, but she did manage to return to school with a new face, a fa
34、ce she was finally proud of.Nadia s surgery may have helped her overcome her emotional pain, but should teenagers go to those extremes just because they are being bullied?Experts warn if the deformities are not really a problem to the child, plastic surgery is not the answer! In fact, when a teen de
35、cides to get plastic surgery because he or she is being bullied, it can send the wrong message. By surgically changing the victim of a bully, it is as if you support the bullying and agree the victim is in fact worthy of all those names he or she has been called. It is like saying to teenagers: Yes,
36、 there is something wrong with you, and you should get it fixed! 【文章大意】文章围绕女生Nadia的故事讨论了一个有争议的问题：整形手术是否是解决校 园欺凌问题的方法呢？5. What did Nadia think of her school life in the past?A. Busy.B. Exciting.C. Miserable. D. Ordinary.【解析】选C。推理判断题。由第二段中的Her classmates had been constantly making fun of her appearanc
37、e 及 Those comments hurt her a lot. She even considered how to end her own life可知，过去的校园生活对Nadia来说非常痛苦。6. Why did Nadia keep the secret from her mother?A. Her mother had heart disease.B. She didn t want to burden her.C. Her mother was afraid of being bullied.D. She didn t know how to share it with her
38、.【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第三段中的Her mother was already dealing with mounting medical bills for her 9-year-old son, Josh, who had a serious brain disease 可 知，Nadia没把受欺凌的事告诉妈妈是因为怕给妈妈增加负担。7. Why does the author say plastic surgery can send the wrong message?A. It may let bullies feel they are right.B. It may becom
39、e popular among teens.C. It may damage the name of the LBFF.D. It may change victims into bullies.【解析】选A。细节理解题。由最后一段中的By surgically changing the victim of a bully, it is as if you support the bullying and agree the victim is in fact worthy of all those names he or she has been called可知，作者认为整形手术可能会让欺
40、凌者认为他 们是对的。8. What would be the best title for the text?A. Why many teenagers are being teased?B. Is plastic surgery the answer to bullying?C. Why surgery helps overcome emotional pain?D. Should we pay more attention to appearance?【解析】选Bo标题归纳题。本文围绕面部畸形的女生Nadia做整形手术的故事，讨论了一 个有争议的问题：整形手术是否是解决校园欺凌问题的方法
41、，故B项作标题能更好地概括全 文主旨。H.阅读填句根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。Four ways to be a great roommateHaving a roommate can be one of the best experiences in a boarding school or, easily, one of the worst. Follow these tips to avoid the common mistakes that turn good roommate relationships sour.Talk t
42、hings out.Communication is key. If something happens, sit down with your roommate and have a face-to-face conversation. I ve seen roommate relationships fall apart because something happens and, instead of talking to each other, the two start complaining about their roommates behind their backs. 2 D
43、on t expect to be best friends.Some roommates become the best of friends, and some don t. Don t put pressure on yourself or your roommate, especially when you first meet. 3 And if your roommate doesn t end up being your best friend, don t worry.Ask before you take.This applies to food, clothes and a
44、nything else. If you want to keep a relationship going, show your roommate that you have respect for what is his or hers by asking first. 4Clean up after yourself.This should go without saying. Don t be lazy. Or, at least, don t bury your roommate in your clothes and garbage. Most people V ve come a
45、cross in a boarding school are messy. 5 But being considerate with where you put your stuff will help you avoid conflict.A. So you need to think twice before you help your roommate out.B. This creates nothing but awkward situations and unhappiness.C. Even if you both agree to share everything, you s
46、hould still ask.D. You don t have to clean your room and keep it organized all the time.E. It all starts with you to have a good relationship with your roommate.F. Sometimes you get stuck with someone who has tons of negative (7肖极的)energy. G. Remember, you re trying to make a new friend, not to frig
47、hten your roommate away. 【文章大意】成为好室友的四种方法。1 .【解析】选E。根据第一句可知，与室友保持良好的关系是从你开始的。应选E。2 . 【解析】选 B。根据 the two start complaining about their roommates behind their backs两人开始在背后抱怨室友，可知选B,抱怨只会造成为难和不快。3 .【解析】选G。上句提到初次见面，所以记住，你是想交个新朋友，而不是吓跑你的室友。 应选G。4 .【解析】选C。根据上句你要尊重他或她的东西，首先要问。应选C。5 .【解析】选Do上句提到“messy,所以你不必一
48、直清扫你的房间，让它井井有条。应 选D。III.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In recent years, self-drive tourism(自驾车旅游) has become people s 1. (prefer) in travelling during holidays. The reasons why more and more people choose it 2. (be) as follows. Firstly, the traditional Chinese festivals, such as the Mid-Autumn Festival, 3. (set) as official holidays, 4.provides people with more chances to travel together with their family and friends. 5.(second), the rapid development of road construction and the 6. (increase) number of people owning private car