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1、专题三完形填空题I型I概I述I近三年考点分布语篇类别202120202019A词数198171183生词数212体裁记叙文记叙文书信类应用文话题个人经历个人经历生活与学习考查点名词辨析(2)名词辨析(4)名词辨析(3)动词辨析(4)动词辨析(3)动词辨析(4)形容词辨析(1)形容词辨析(2)形容词辨析(1)副词辨析副词辨析动词短语(1)连词辨析(1)/形容词短语(1)动词短语(1)/B词数171155169生词数130体裁说明文说明文说明文话题科普知识科普知识科普知识考查点名词辨析(4)名词辨析(2)名词辨析(2)动词辨析(4)动词辨析(5)动词辨析(3)形容词辨析(2)副词辨析(2)形容词辨
2、析(3)/名词短语(1)副词辨析(1)/动词短语(1)/题型特点从题目设置上来看,安徽中考的完形填空都是在一篇难易适中的短文中留出10处空白，让考生在所 给四个选项中选出最正确选项，使补全之后的短文语言通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。此题型主要考查考生 在理解文章主旨大意和句、段间内在联系的基础上，准确判断并选择符合特定上下文语境和用法的动词、 名词、形容词、副词、动词短语等的能力。所以，它是一个对语言知识综合运用能力要求极高的题型, 通常也是考生们较难把握的题型，失分率非常高。通过分析近三年安徽中考完形填空可以发现以下规律：1 .文章词数150200,体裁以记叙文和说明文为主。记叙文的话题涉及个人
3、经历、励志故事、寓言故事、 生活哲理等;说明文的话题涉及科普知识、生活常识、文化风俗等。2 .考点分布均匀，以名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词为主，穿插设置连词和介词。设置连词题旨在考查 考生对行文逻辑的掌握情况以及对句与句之间关系的理解。3 .逐渐减少对纯语法的考查，突出在语境中辨析词义,以此来表达完形填空的主要测试目的:理解全文，通 篇考虑，掌握大意，注重关联。解|题|技|巧|命题点1逻辑推理类【设题特点】完形填空是一篇内容完整独立的文章，各行各段之间有着逻辑上的必然联系。此类题型主要考查考 生对上下文逻辑的理解能力，要求考生在正确理解文章和所提供选项的含义的基础上，进行合理分析和 推理，选
4、出既符合语意、语法，又符合逻辑的最正确选项。解题技巧做此类题时，考生必须理清文章脉络，弄清句子和段落前后的逻辑关系，进而进行逻辑推理，选出最正确 答案。典例(2021 安徽完形A篇节选)When I was youngj was so interested in Chinese movies that I wanted to know more about Chinese culture like kung fu and xiquA often 31 to go to China one day.Luckily,when I was learning theater at university
5、,! was provided with a chance to study 32 .There was a program to study Asian theater arts either in China or in India.133 to go to China.4 l.A.chose B. managedC.forgot D.dreamed( )【解析】前一句提到“我”对中国电影很感兴趣，后文又提到“我”很幸运地得到了去中国学习的机会。由此可推知,此处指“我”经常梦想有一天能去中国。【答案】D命题点2语境推断类【设题特点】此类题在完形填空中比拟常见，主要考查考生对上下文提供的信息
6、进行分析、推理、判断的能力。 要求考生在理解文章语境的基础上，结合语境所给的提示（明示或暗示），选出最正确答案。【解题技巧】做此类题时，考生首先要弄清人物或事件的背景、作者的观点态度及文章的主题等，进而理解语境, 再将选项代入文章中，根据语境提示，判断所选择的是否是最正确答案。典例（2020安徽完形A篇节选）.A long time agoj wanted to give up 39 Chinese.Luckily,my mom encouraged me and stopped that from happening.Fm 40 that the Chinese language has h
7、elped me a lot in different ways.My life is getting more and more colorful.40.A.sorryB.worriedC.angry D.glad（ ）【解析】本段中的“Luckily”和colorful”等词都蕴含了较为积极的感情色彩;再根据空后的“the Chinese language has helped me a lot in different ways”可知，汉语在许多方面帮助我”很多，因此“我”应是高兴的。【答案】D命题点3生活常识类【设题特点】完形填空所选的文章大多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的文章,所选话
8、题大多贴近考生生活，所 以经常会涉及对生活常识的考查。这类题型可以考查考生的知识面和视野的开阔程度以及灵活运用常 识理解语句及语篇的能力。【解题技巧】此类题通常与我们的日常生活密切相关，考生通过联系生活实际，凭借生活经历或个人经验便可选 出正确的答案，但前提是要理解原文。典例（2021 安徽完形A篇节选）.This Chinese art gives me plenty of 39 ,so I can use them when I perform（表演）other shows inEurope.39.A.orders B.clothesC.tools D.poems（ ）【解析】根据常识可知
9、，京剧学习让“我”掌握了很多（表演）方法，可以在欧洲表演节目时用到。【答案】C命题点4词汇复现类【设题特点】此类题指某一词以原词、词形变化、同义词/近义词、反义词、上下义词、语义关联词等形式重复 出现在语篇中，使上下文得以相互衔接，意义统一完整。【解题技巧】做这类题时,考生需要准确把握上下文之间的逻辑关系，瞻前顾后，判断出空格处所指代的是文章中 的哪一处内容，通过这一内容提示，结合选项，做出正确选择。典例（2021 安徽完形A篇节选）Luckily,when I was learning theater at university,! was provided with a chance to
10、 study 32 ,There was a program to study Asian theater arts either in China or in India.I 33 to go to China and learn Beijing Opera in a Chinese theater school.! do appreciate（感激）this chance to 36 the beautiful art!36.A.learnB.expectC.test D.celebrate（ ）【解析】前文提到“我幸运地获得了去国外学习戏剧的机会,并最终决定去中国学习京居U;再结合文中关
11、 键词learn Beijing Opera”可知，此处指学习（京剧）这门艺术的机会。【答案】A命题点5语法知识类【设题特点】此类题主要考查考生对语篇的理解能力和对语法知识的理解和运用能力。【解题技巧】考生应牢固掌握基本语法知识,平时多做练习，多积累,才能灵活快速地做此类题。典例（2020安徽完形B篇节选）.In tests,researchers45 that homing pigeons were 46efficient（高效的）than flying robots atreturning to their home.46.A.lessB.moreC.little D.much（ ）【解析
12、】根据连词than可知，此处应用比拟级;再根据下文可知，信鸽回家时的效率比飞行机器人更高。【答案】B命题点6固定搭配类【设题特点】这类题主要考查考生对固定搭配、固定句式等语言知识的综合运用能力，它既反映出考生的阅读理 解能力，又表达了考生通过语境进行逻辑推理的能力。【解题技巧】此类题可利用固定搭配、固定句式及习惯表达解题。考生平时应该注意积累常见的固定搭配、固 定句式等，如动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，做题时根据语境选择最 适合的搭配来补全短文。典例（2020辽宁锦州完形节选）.The rabbit, 12 the other hand,kept on worki
13、ng hard.12.A.in B.onC.at D.for（ ）【解析】根据语境可知，此处为固定搭配on the other hand“另一方面【答案】B题型训练（）How long can human stay awake? There is a that was set in 1965 by an American high school student.He did not sleep 2 about 11 days for an experiment（实验）.Other reports describe soldiers（士兵） staying 3 for four days in
14、a war.So far the reason why humans fall asleep 4 a secret,but there is no doubt that enough sleep is good for us.Erin Hanlon from the University of Chicago told the BBC it seems that sleep can restart the systems(系统)in our 5 ,That is why we are full of energy after a good rest. Ho we ver, when someo
15、ne often6 allnight and does not have a good sleepjt can cause many illnesses.Another surprising 7 is that some people really do not sleep for days or even months.This is because an uncommon illness leads to disorders of a deep area of the brain that controls sleep. 8 they do not feel sleepy,their br
16、ains are hurt.Good 9 is important for us.Keeping a balance(平衡)between work and life seems to be the key to 10 us feel energetic and healthy.Anyway,burning the midnight oil is not a good idea.1 . A.method B.recordC.tool D.plan( B )2 .A.fbr B.fromC.on D.off( A )3 .A.angryB. braveC. a wake D.sleepy(C)4
17、 .A.remains B.needsC.makes D.shares(A)5 .A.machine B.officeC.body D.knowledge( C )6 .A.gives up B.stays upC.lifts upD.turns up(B )7 .A.reason B.placeC.story D.fact( D )8 .A.Although B.UnlessC.Until D.Or( A )9 .A.food B.fruitC.work D.sleep( D )10 .A.stoppingB.helpingC.allowingD.protecting( B )(-)Fox
18、and Crane(鹤)used to be good neighbors.Fox caught mice and in the grass beside a river,while Crane caught fish in the river.Fox hadnt seen Crane for a long time,so he decided to 2 Crane to enjoy a dinner.Fox promised to 3 a rabbit with Crane but he wanted to keep the rabbit all fbr himself.Then he se
19、rved the rabbit soup in a glass dish.Fox could have that soup with his tongue(舌头)，4 Crane could not.She ate nothing and went homehungrily.As she left,Fox said；Tm 5 that I didnt treat you well. Oh,it doesnt matter/9 repliedCrane/Why not come fbr 6 at my place tomorrow?The next day,when Fox arrived at
20、 Cranes home,Crane welcomed him warmly and 7 served their dinner.lt 8 delicious.Fox couldnt wait to have a taste.But the food was in a bottle with a very 9 neck.Fox could not get his 10 into the bottle and reach the food.Finally,he went home as hungrily asCrane did yesterday.1 . A.tigers B.elephants
21、C.snakes D.rabbits(D )2 .A.praise B.inviteC.touch D.guide( B )3 .A.save B.shareC.play D.offer( B )4 .A.and B.soC.orD.but( D )5 . A. sorry B. happyC.proud D.bored(A)6 .A上reakfhst B.dinnerC.serviceD.lunch(B)7 .A.sadlyB.simplyC.quicklyD.brightly(C )8 .A.smelled B.feltC.tasted D.sounded( A )9 .A.long B.thickC.short D.wide( A )lO.A.ear B.eyeC.mouth D.brain(C )