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1、2021-2022学年上学期初中英语人教新版八年级期中必刷常考题之介词一.选择题(共18小题)1. (2020 秋长沙期中)We did a survey about the eating habits of the students in primaryschools, and the answersschools, and the answersthe questions were quite surprising.()A. inA. inB. toC. of2. (2020 秋长沙期中)-It is reported that PE test will play a more impor
2、tant role of all thetests.-Thats great.Im talentedplaying sports and exercising is goodhealth.()A. at; forA. at; forB. in; withC. in; for3. (2020 秋温州期中)Although it is difficultmeEnglish well, Til stilltry my best to learn it.()A. to, learnA. to, learnB. for, learningD. to, to learnC. for, to learn4.
3、 (2020 秋南开区校级期中)-How long did you stay?-We stayedthree hours.()A. withB. atC. inD. for5. (2020 秋南开区校级期中)Is her book the same5. (2020 秋南开区校级期中)Is her book the sameyours ?6.7.A. forB. asC. to(2015 秋福鼎市期中)He always reads the sun.A. in; for8. in; to(2019 秋思明区校级期中)-What are you reading,D. fromIts bad his
4、 eyes ()C.Mary?under, to-lam reading A Tale of Two Cities-lam reading A Tale of Two CitiesCharles Dickens.(8.8.9.A. byB - with(2020 秋宝山区校级期中)Friends tend to be highly similarA. onB. inC. to(2020 秋静安区期中)All pilots are responsibleA. forB. ofC. toC.behindone another.()D. forthe passengers1 safety.()D.
5、at第1页(共直延续到说话的时刻,因而往往要与现在完成时连用.而after词组所表示的时段纯系过去, 因而要与一般过去时连用.for引导一段时间,可于多种时态连用,但必须是延续性动词. 例如:I havent heard from him since last summer.自从去年夏天,我再也没有收到他的信.After five days the boy came back. 五天后,这男孩回来了.We have an art lesson for two hours in the afternoon.我们下午有节美术课要上两个小时.I have had this bike for thre
6、e years. 我买这辆自行车三年了 .in, afterIn与将来时态连用时,表示“过多长时间以后”的意思,后面跟表示一段时间的词语.After 与将来时态连用时; 后面只能跟表示时间点的词语.After与过去时态连用时,后面才能跟 表示一段时间的词语.例如:He will be back in two months.他在两个月后回来.He will arrive after four oclock.四点钟后,他到达.He returned after a month. 一个月后,他回来了.2.常用介词的辨析【常用介词的辨析】一、表示计量的介词:at, for, by1. at表示”以速度
7、”以价格二如:It flies at about 900 kilometers a hour,它以每小时 900 公里的速度飞行.2.for表示”用交换,以为代价二如:He sold his car for 500 dollars.他以五百元把车卖了.二、表示材料的介词:of, from, inof成品仍可看出原料.如:This box is made of paper.这个盒子是纸做的.1. from成品已看不出原料,如:Wine is made from grapes.葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的.3.in表示用某种材料或语言.如:Please fill in the form in pencil
8、first.请先用铅笔填写这个表格.三、表示关于的介词:of, about, on第10页(共1. Of仅是提到或谈到过某人或某事.如:He spoke of the film the other day.他前几天提到了这部影片.2. about指“关于“某人或某事物的较详细的情况.如:Can you tell me something about yourself?你能告诉我一些关于你自己的事情吗?3. on指”关于”学术性的或严肃的事.如:Its a textbook on the history of china.它是一本有关中国历史的教科书.四、表示好像或当作的介词:like, asl
9、ike表示像一样”,其实不是.如:Peter the Great, like his country, was strong and proud.彼得大帝像他的国家一样强健和自豪.1. as表示”作为,以身份”,其实也是.如:He talked to me as a father.他以父亲的身份跟我谈话.五、表示支持或反对的介词:against, foragainst反对,for支持,互为反义词.如:Are you for my idea or against it?你赞同还是反对我的想法?六、表示除某人某物外的介词:besides, except. besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的”
10、除外,还二如:Thirty students went to the cinema besides him.除他以外,还有30个学生去看了电影.(他和另外30人都去了)He is interested in tennis besides football.除了足球,他还对网球感兴趣.1 .except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除去如:Everyone is excited except me.除我以外的每个人都很激动.(他们激动,而我却不激动).系动词【概念】系动词:只称系动词(Linking Verb),是用来辅助主语的动词.它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语, 其后必须跟表语,构成系表
11、结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况.2 .不定式【概念】.不定式是一种非限定动词,通常由“to+动词原形”构成,如to be, to do, to combine, to第11页(共expand, to get up等.这里的t。是不定式的符号,没有词义,有时还可以省略.1 .动词不定式没有人称和数的变化.2 .不定式在句中不能单独用作谓语,但还保存着动词的假设干特征:可以带状语,及物动词 可以带宾语,系动词可以带表语.3 .不定式可以连同它的附属成分一起组成不定式短语.【不定式的用法】不定式(短语)在句中起相当于名词、形容词或副词的作用,可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、 状语和宾语补语.1.具
12、有名词的性质用作主语.To live is to function. That is all there is in living. (Holmes)活着就要发挥作用,这就是生活的全部真谛.用作表语.Her wish was to become a teacher.她的愿望是当个教师.用作宾语.The owner wanted to make a large purchase of gift before Christmas.老板想在圣诞节前做一大笔礼品生意.用作宾语补语.I wanted something to happen to me, but nothing happened. (L.
13、 Hughes)我希望在我身上会发生些什么变化,可是什么都没发生.用作主语补语.This test is thought to have practical value.大家认为这个试验有实际价值.用作同位语.2、具有形容词的性质用作定语.Can you think up a good way to deal with the ever increasing prices?你们能否想出一个对付日益上涨的物价的好方法?3、具有副词的性质第12页(共用作状语.We use electrical energy to do many things.我们用电能做许多事情.4、用作插入语.To begin
14、 with, we must consider the problem in an all - round way.首先,我们必须全面地考虑这个问题.5.介词短语【概念】介词短语:指由介词+介词、介词+名词、介词+分词、介词+动词、介词+形容词、介词+副词等构成的 短语. 常用 的有:according to, along with, in front of, by means of, in spite of, together with, with regard to 等.概念点拨:介词短语是由介词加宾语构成,本身可作句子成分,如定语或状语等,可单独使用;介词与 其他词类或成分结合后方能在句
15、子中充当语法成分,构成介词短语.【用法】介词短语可以作定语(须后置)、状语、表语、宾语补足语、另一个介词的宾语,间或作主 语等.例如:作定语The skyscraper in the distance is a five - star hotel.(定语)The old thing are all three years old.()A. on show, hundredB for showing, hundreds ofC. on show, hundreds分析:这些展出的古老的东西都三百年了.解答:on show展出,介词短语做后置定语,三百年three hundred years, h
16、undreds of意思是 “数以百计的”,结合句意”这些展出的古老的东西都三百年了.”可知,答案为A.做状语Her eyes were tired from long reading.(状语)Grace often gets nervous before she gives a speech.()第13页(共A. in pubicB in totalC in common分析:Grace在公众场合演讲前经常紧张.解答:结合语境Grace often gets nervous可以推断这句话表达的意思是“Grace在公众场合演 讲前经常紧张.所以设空处的介词短语表达的意思是在公众场合”,应该用i
17、n public, in total”总共,in common“共有”都不符合句意,应选A点评:英语介词的一个特点是一词多义,并且介词间语义交叉现象很多,习惯用法也很多, 有时很难从词义上区分开来.故学习中要注意不断总结,熟记一些介词和动词的固定搭配用 法及习惯用法,是完成此类问题的捷径.作表语The decision is of great importance to me.(表语)Most of the wild animals are because of their bad living environment.-So we must do something to save them
18、.()A. in needB on dutyC. at workD in danger分析-大多数野生动物由于恶劣的生存条件而处在濒危之中.-所以我们必须采取措施拯救它们.解答:首先明确选项中每个单词或短语的意思,A:需要;B:值日;C:在工作;D:处于 危险中;根据题干结合推测设空处句子的句意是“大多数野生动物由于恶劣的生存条件而处 在濒危之中.由此判断句子中缺少”处于危险中”一词,故答案为D.做宾语补足语They found the machine in a bad state.(宾语补足语)When we get on the bus, we should wait.()A. in a
19、lineB with a linein lineC. on line第14页(共 分析:当我们上车的时候,我们应该排队等候.解答:根据When we get on the bus,可知当我们上车的时候,我们应该排队等候.排队等候 应该用wait in line表示.应选C.做主语On purpose or not on purpose is of great difference.(主语)the students in this primary school is about four thousand, and of them are fromXian.()A. A number of; t
20、he number ofB The number of; a number ofC. The number of; the number ofD A number of ; a number of分析这个小学的学生数大约是四千,他们当中很多人来自西安.解答:首先明确选项中涉及到的单词或短语的意思和用法,a number of意思是“许多”修饰 可数名词复数,the number of意思是”的数量;作主语视为单数,此题中,结合语境推测 句意是”这个小学的学生数大约是四千,他们当中很多人来自西安.故答案为B.【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查介词短语的用法,容易混淆的介词短语.英语介词的一个特点
21、是一词多 义,并且介词间语义交叉现象很多,习惯用法也很多,有时很难从词义上区分开来.故学习 中要注意不断总结,熟记一些介词短语的固定搭配及习惯用法.这些是考查的重点.第15页(共(2020 秋阜平县期中)My bike is different yours.Mine is yellow and yours is blue.( )A. inB. forC. onD. from(2020 秋太原期中)-Mom, I feel like eating something tonight, but I dont want to be fat.-My dear, why not keep fit exe
22、rcise? Its better for your health.()A. withB. throughC. from(2020 秋肇东市期中)The apartment often reminds me the old memories.( )A. ofB. forC. at(2020 秋肇东市期中)My father plans a bowl that is made wood.()A. buying; ofB. to buy; fromC. to buy; of(2020 秋温州期中)The young man was late the heavy rain yesterday.()A
23、. asB. sinceC. becauseD. because of(2018 秋武侯区期中)We won this competition Tommy. All of us felt happy.()A. soB. becauseC. because of(2020 秋南昌期中)My mother always says, n you work hard, I don*t mind theresults.*()A.So farB. Aslong asC. At onceD.In fact(2014海淀区二模)I watched the Super Brain March 28th.()A.
24、inB. atC. onD.to(2020 秋肇东市期中)Either you or he the team.()A. is inB. are onC. is on2021-2022学年上学期初中英语人教新版八年级期中必刷常考题之介词参考答案与试题解析第2页(共一.选择题(共18小题)1. (2020 秋长沙期中)We did a survey about the eating habits of the students in primaryschools, and the answers the questions were quite surprising.()A. inB. toC.
25、of【考点】常用介词的辨析.【分析】我们做了一个关于小学生饮食习惯的调查,问题的答案令人惊讶。【解答】in在里面;to到,关于;of的。the answer to”是固定搭配,意为的答案II O应选:Bo【点评】此题考查介词的用法,在熟知所供词的含义基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正 确答案。2. (2020 秋长沙期中)-It is reported that PE test will play a more important role of all the tests.-That*s great.rm talented playing sports and exercising is goo
26、dhealth.()A. at; forB. in; withC. in; for【考点】常用介词的辨析【分析】据报道,PE测试将在所有测试中扮演更重要的角色。 那太好了。我很擅长运动,锻炼对健康有好处。【解答】固定短语be talented in擅长,be good for对有好处。应选:Co【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对常用介词的辨析。3. (2020 秋温州期中)Although it is difficult me English well, Hl stilltry my best to learn it.()A. to, learnB. for, learningC. fo
27、r, to learnD. to, to learn【考点】常用介词的辨析;不定式.【分析 1尽管对我来说学好英语很困难,但是我仍然会尽我最大的能力去学好它。【解答】to向,至U; for为了,对于来说;根据”形式主语it is+adj.for sb.to do sth.,可排除A和D, to learn English well是真正的主语。第3页(共应选:Co【点评】此题考查介词搭配,需要掌握介词的正确用法,根据题意,选出正确答案。4. (2020 秋南开区校级期中)-How long did you stay?-We stayed three hours.()A. withB. atC.
28、 inD. for【考点】常用介词的辨析.【分析】你们呆了多久?我们呆了三个小时。【解答】with和。at在。时间段前通常加介词for,表示某个动作持续了假设干时间。in + 时间段表示”之内,之后”,通常用一般将来时。本句指呆了三小时,所以用for.应选:Do【点评】此题考查介词的用法,在熟知所供词的含义基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正 确答案。5. (2020 秋南开区校级期中)Is her book the same yours?()A. forB. asC. toD. from【考点】常用介词的辨析.【分析】她的书和你的一样吗?【解答】the same as和样,固定搭配。应选:Bo【点
29、评】此题考查介词的用法,在熟知所供词的含义基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正 确答案。6. (2015 秋福鼎市期中)He always reads the sun. Its bad his eyes ()A. in; forB. in; toC. under, to【考点】常用介词的辨析.【分析】他总是在太阳底下读书,这对他的眼睛有害.【解答】答案:A.结合语境可以推断这句话表达的意思是“他总是在太阳底下读书,这对他的眼睛有害.所以设空处的介词短语表达的意思是”在太阳底下“和”对有害、应该用in the sun和bebad for,应选:A.【点评】英语介词的一个特点是一词多义,并且介词间语义交
30、叉现象很多,习惯用法也 第4页(共很多,有时很难从词义上区分开来.故学习中要注意不断总结,熟记一些介词和动词的 固定搭配用法及习惯用法,是完成此类问题的捷径.7. (2019 秋思明区校级期中)-What are you reading, Mary?-lam reading A Tale of Two Cities Charles Dickens.()A. byB. withC. behind【考点】常用介词的辨析.【分析】- Mary,你在读什么?-我正在读狄更斯写的双城记。【解答】by由所写或所做;with和一起;behind在后面。根据句意可知,空前是一部作品的名字,空后是这本书的作者,
31、故这里应用介词by,表示”被所写 应选:Ao【点评】掌握常用介词的含义和用法,根据题意选出正确答案。8. (2020 秋宝山区校级期中)Friends tend to be highly similar one another.()A. onB. inC. toD. for【考点】常用介词的辨析.【分析】朋友们趋向和另一个高度的相似。【解答】be similar to+人/物,和相似。固定搭配记住即可。应选:Co【点评】固定搭配一定要记牢。9. (2020 秋静安区期中)All pilots are responsible the passengers, safety.()A. forB. o
32、fC. toD. at【考点】常用介词的辨析.【分析】所有飞行员都对乘客的平安负责。【解答】for为了; of的;to到;at在,根据题干,可知考查短语be responsiblefor对负责。应选:Ao【点评】熟悉介词的用法,结合题意,给出答案。10. (2020 秋阜平县期中)My bike is different yours.Mine is yellow and yours is blue.( )A. inB. forC. onD. from第5页(共【考点】常用介词的辨析.【分析】我的自行车和你的不同。我的是黄色的,你的是蓝色的。【解答】be different from与不同。固定
33、搭配,故用from。应选:D。【点评】此题考查介词的用法,在熟知所供词的含义基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正 确答案.11. (2020 秋太原期中)-Mom, I feel like eating something tonight, but I dont want to be fat.-My dear, why not keep fit exercise? Its better for your health.()A. withB. throughC. from【考点】常用介词的辨析.【分析】-妈妈,我今晚想吃点东西,但我不想胖。-亲爱的,为什么不通过锻炼来保持健康呢?这样对你的健康更好。【
34、解答】with带有,和,through通过,from从,结合意思可知是通过锻炼保持健康。 应选:Bo【点评】熟知介词意思与用法,结合语境,仔细分析,可得出答案。12. (2020 秋肇东市期中)The apartment often reminds me the old memories.( )A. ofB. forC. at【考点】常用介词的辨析.【分析】这间公寓常使我想起往事。【解答】remind sb of sth,使某人想起某事。固定用法,故用of.应选:Ao【点评】此题考查介词的用法,在熟知所供词的含义基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正 确答案.13. (2020 秋肇东市期中)My f
35、ather plans a bowl that is made wood.()A. buying; ofB. to buy; fromC. to buy; of【考点】常用介词的辨析;不定式.第6页(共【分析】我爸爸计划买一个木制的碗。【解答】根据题干,可知第一空考查plan to do sth计划做某事;第二空考查be made of 由做成。看得见原材料,用介词of.应选:Co【点评】熟悉不定式的用法,结合题意,给出答案。14. (2020 秋温州期中)The young man was late the heavy rain yesterday.()A. asB. sinceC. bec
36、auseD. because of【考点】介词短语.【分析】昨天由于大雨年轻人迟到了。【解答】as作为,since自从,because因为,后跟从句,becauseof因为,后跟动词或动 名词形式,结合句意,昨天 大雨年轻人迟到了。判断空格处词义为因为,名词短语前用 because of。应选:Do【点评】掌握加介词短语的含义,结合句意作答。15. (2018 秋武侯区期中)We won this competition Tommy. All of us felt happy.()A. soB. becauseC. because of【考点】介词短语.【分析】因为汤米我们赢了这场比赛,大家都
37、很高兴.【解答】考查介词短语.A. so所以.B. because因为,后跟从句.C. becauseof因为, 后跟名词、代词.结合语境”汤米我们赢了这场比赛,大家都很高兴.”可知,应该是“ 因为“,Tommy 名词,用 because of.应选:C.【点评】考查介词短语,在日常学习中要积累一些介词短语的固定用法,结合语境,选 择合适的搭配.完成试题.16. (2020 秋南昌期中)My mother always says, n you work hard, I dont mind theresults/* ()A. So farB. As long asC. At onceD. In
38、fact【考点】介词短语.【分析】我妈妈总是说,”只要你努力学习,我不介意结果。”第7页(共【解答】A表示到目前为止,B表示只要,C表示立刻、马上,D表示事实上。根据题 干可知妈妈总是说,”只要你努力学习,我不介意结果。那么B选项符合题意。应选:Bo【点评】此题要求学生熟悉选项的含义,再根据题干即可作出选择。17. (2014海淀区二模)I watched the Super Brain March 28th.()A. inB. atC. onD. to【考点】时间介词.【分析 1 3月28日我看了最强大脑.【解答】in在某年某月.at在几点.on在具体某一天.to朝、向.根据March 28
39、th”3月28日”可知,在具体某一天用介词on.应选:C.【点评】考查介词.分析选项介词意思,积累一些介词用法,结合语境,选择合适答案.18. (2020 秋肇东市期中)Either you or he the team.()A. is inB. are onC. is on【考点】常用介词的辨析;系动词.【分析】不是你就是他在队里。【解答】Either; or 不是就是”连接并列主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原那么,根据he” 他”第三人称单数,可知,用is。B不正确。in the team”在队里二C不正确。应选:Ao【点评】分析主语单复数变化,掌握一些介词用法,结合语境,选择合适答案。第8页(
40、共考点卡片1.时间介词【概念】1.介词:介词是一种虚词,是英语中最活跃的词类之一,也是中考中经常涉及的考点,其用法变化多 样.英语里大局部用语都是由介词和其他词构成的,因此掌握好介词是学好英语的关键之一. 2.介词的功能:介词不能单独使用,必须和名词、代词或动名词构成介词短语,在句中做表语,定语、状语、 宾语补足语等成分.中考对介词的考查主要是介词的基本用法和习惯搭配.(1)作表语Our English teacher is from Australia.我们的英语老师来自澳大利亚.(2)作定语The girl in red is my sister.穿红色衣服的那个女孩是我的妹妹.(3)作状
41、语The girl will be back in two hours.这位姑娘过两个小时回来.(4)作宾语补足语Help yourself to some fish.请吃些鱼.【时间介词的辨析】(1)表时间的介词at, in onat表示时间点或固定用法.例如:at six oclock, at noon, at midnight.in表示在某个世纪,某年,某月,某个季节以及早晨,上午,下午,晚上.例如:in the nineteenth century, in 2002, in May, in winter, in the morning 等.on表示特定的日子,具体的某一天,星期,节日,某一天的上午,下午,晚上等.例如:on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning 等.since, after, for由since和after引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开始的时段,但since词组表示的时段一第9页(共