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1、CCNU JULIE 第 1页 共12页阅读理解科技类Passage One The computer is a useful machine. It is the most important invention in many years. The oldest kind of computer is the abacus(算盘 ), used in China centuries ago, but the first large, modern computer was built in 1946. A computer then could do maths problems quit
2、e fast. Today computers are used in many ways and can do many kinds of work. In a few years the computer may touch the life of everyone, even people in faraway villages. In the last few years, there have been great changes in computers. They are getting smaller and smaller, and computing faster and
3、faster, Many scientists agree that computers can now do many things, but they cannot do everything. Who knows what the computers of tomorrow will be like? Will computers bring good things or bad things to people? The scientists of today will have to decide how to use the computers of tomorrow. 1. Th
4、e computer is a _ machine. A. helpful B. strange C. large D. dangerous 2. The first large, modern computer was built about _ years ago. A. a few B. forty C. sixty D. eighty 3. The computers of today are _ than before. A. bigger B. fewer C. smaller D. taller 4. Computers can do _. A. everything B. an
5、ything C. nothing D. lots of things 5. The scientists of today _ how to use the computers of tomorrow. A. may decide B. must decide C. can make D. needn t makePassage TwoWarm water freezes more quickly than cold water. Sir Francis Bacon said that almost four hundred years ago. But few people believe
6、d him until 1970. In that year a Canadian scientist George Kill proved the English professor was right. Dr Kill filled an open oil pail(桶) with cold water. He filled another with warm water. He put both in the same low temperature. The warm water froze first. The lack of covers on the pails is the s
7、ecret. Some of the warm water changed into vapor. This meant that less of the warm water was left to be frozen. And so the warm water froze faster than the cold water even though it had a greater temperature drop to make. 1. Hundreds of years ago, Sir Francis Bacon found _. A. the temperature of war
8、m water drops faster than that of cold water B. warm water is heavier than cold water C. warm water has the same temperature as cold water D. warm water is not as useful as cold water 2. What Sir Francis Bacon said was right, but people didnt believe him until _. A. late in the 20th century B. early
9、 in the 20th century C. three years ago D. late in the 19th century 3. Leave a pail with warm water and another pail with cold water in the same low temperature, youll find that _. A. cold water freezes first B. warm water turns into ice before cold water C. warm water and cold water freeze at the s
10、ame time D. much of cold water is changed into air. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 12 页CCNU JULIE 第 2页 共12页4. Why does warm water freeze first in the same freezing weather? A. Because some of the warm water turns to vapor, the amount(数量 ) becomes less than that of cold water. B
11、. Because warm water is lighter than cold water. C. Because the temperature of warm water is lower than that of cold water. D. Because cold water freezes with more difficulty than warm water. Passage ThreeIf you do not use your arm or your legs for some time, they become weak; when you start using t
12、hem again, they slowly become strong again. Everybody knows that. Yet many people do not seem to know that memory works in the same way. When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he r
13、eally means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong. If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his own fault( 过错). But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents are to blame( 受责备 ), and few of us know that it is just his ow
14、n fault. Have you ever found that some people cant read or write but usually they have better memories? This is because they cannot read or write and they have to remember things; they cannot write down in a little notebook. They have to remember days, names, songs and stories; so their memory is th
15、e whole time being exercised. So if you want to have a good memory, learn from the people: Practice remembering. 1. The main reason for one is poor memory is that _. A. his father or mother may have a poor memory B. He does not use his name or legs for some time C. his memory is not often used D. he
16、 cant read or write2. If you do not use your arms or legs for some time _. A. you cant use them any moreB. they will become stronger C. they become weak and wont become strong until you use them again.D. they will become neither stronger nor weaker 3. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Your memo
17、ry works in the same way as your arms or legs. B. Your memory, like your arms or legs, becomes weak if you dont give it enough chance for practice. C. Don t learn how to read and write if you want to h ave a better memory. D. A good memory comes from more practice. 4. Some people cant read or write,
18、 but they usually have better memories, because _. A. they have save much trouble B. they have saved much time to remember things C. they have to use their memories all the time D. they cant write everything in a little notebook5. Which is the best title for this passage? A. Don t Stop Using Your Ar
19、ms Or LegsB. How To Have a Good Memory C. Strong Arms And Good Memories D. Learn From the People 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 12 页CCNU JULIE 第 3页 共12页Passage Four When Johnson called again, the manager received him very politely. “That is a most remarkable oil you brought us,
20、 Mr Johnson,” he said. Johnson nodded his smooth, dark head. That was something he knew very well. “I ve never seen anything like it,” the manager admitted. Johnson nodded again. “No?” he said politely. Then he added, “But I think you will, sir. A very great deal of it.” He appeared to think for a m
21、oment. “I think you will find it will be on sale seven, perhaps, eight years from now.” He smiled. The manager thought that was uncertain. He said, “It is better than our fish oils. I admit that.” “So I am told, sir,” agreed Johnson. “Have you any plans to produce it yourself, Mr Johnson?” “Would I
22、be showing it to youif I had?” Johnson smiled again.“We might add some chemicals to one of our own fish oils,” said the manager. “It would be expensive to do that, even if you could,” Johnson said gently. “Besides,” he added, “I am told that this oil will be much cheaper th an your best fish oils. C
23、heaper than any vegetable oil, in fact.” “Perhaps,” said the manage. “Well, I suppose you want to make an arrangement, Mr Johnson. Shall we discuss it?” “Of course,” said Johnson. “There are two ways of dealing with a situation of this sort. The usual one is to prevent it altogether or at least to d
24、elay it as long as possible. That is, of course, the best way.” The manager nodded. He knew plenty about all that. “But I am so sorry for you, because, you see, that is not possible this time.” The manager had his doubts, but all he said was an inquiring(asking), “Oh?” “The other way,” continued Joh
25、nson, “is to produce yourself before the trouble starts.” 1. The manager thought of adding chemicals to the fish oil to make it _. A. cheaper than the new oil B. more quickly C. more expensive D. as good as the new oil 2. Johnson s new oil would be _. A. more expensive than fish oil, but better B. l
26、ess expensive, and better C. less expensive, but not good D. more expensive, and not so good 3. Johnson expressed his regret that the manager _. A. could not stop the new oil being made B. would never know how to make it C. had spent a lot of money on it D. didn t know enough about it4. Johnson show
27、ed his new oil to the manager because he wanted _. A. to produce it himself B. to prevent it being produced C. to be paid not to produce it D. the manager to produce it Passage FiveCan you remember the first time you learned to ride a bike or drive a car? Learning these skills changed your life fore
28、ver and opened up new horizons. Learning about computers can be like learning how to ride a bike or drive a car. Once you have invested the time to master the skills, you will never go back to the old days. The new technology is simply too convenient and too powerful. Technological developments thro
29、ugh the years have enabled us to do more with less effort. We have continuously looked for better ways of doing things. Each invention and new development has allowed us to extend our capabilities. Today we see one of the most dramatic technologies ever developed the computer. It extends the capabil
30、ities of our minds. Computers have saved organizations millions of dollars. Furthermore, these same computer systems have opened up new opportunities that would have gone undiscovered or neglected. The computer may multiply what we can do, and the return on investment is high. The growth of computer
31、 usage is surprising. On the other hand, the computer can do serious damage. Invasion of privacy(侵犯隐私 ), fraud(欺诈), and computer-related mistakes are just a few shocking examples. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 12 页CCNU JULIE 第 4页 共12页The computer is like a double-edged sword.
32、It has the ability to cut us free from some activities, but it can also cut deep into profits, personal privacy, and our society in general. How it is used is not a function of technology. It is strictly a function of how people decide to use or misuse this new technology. The choice is yours, and o
33、nly through a knowledge of computer systems will you be able to avoid the dangers while enjoying the many, many benefits of the computer age. 1. The writer thinks learning about computers is like learning how to ride a bike or drive a car because _. A. it is simple and practical B. it needs a lot of
34、 practice C. it leads people to new life experiences D. it takes much time to master the skills 2. According to the passage, computers bring people the following benefits except _. A. avoiding mistakes B. saving money C. making money D. opening up opportunities 3. According to the writer, the bad ef
35、fects of computers can be avoided if we _. A. have sound knowledge of computer systems B. tell people not to misuse computers C. have strict rules over the use of computers D. make more investments in the technology 4. This passage is probably written for _. A. computers B. computer producers C. com
36、puter learners D. computer programmers Passage Six Perhaps you have heard a lot about the Internet, but what is it, do you know? The Internet is a network. It uses the telephone to join millions of computers together around the world. Maybe that doesnt sound very interesting. But when youve joined t
37、o the Internet, there are lots and lots of things you can do. You can send E-mails to your friends, and they can get them in a few seconds. You can also do with all kinds of information on the World Wide Web (WWW). There are many different kinds of computers now. They all can be joined to the Intern
38、et. Most of them are small machines sitting on peoples desks at home, but there are still many others in schools, offices or large companies. These computers are owned by people and companies, but no one really owns the Internet itself. There are lots of places for you to go into the Internet. For e
39、xample, your school may have the Internet. You can use it during lessons or free time. Libraries often have computers joined to the Internet. You are welcome to use it at only time. Thanks to the Internet, the world is becoming smaller and smaller. It is possible for you to work at home with a compu
40、ter in front, getting and sending the information you need. You can buy or sell whatever you want by the Internet. But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English? So what will English be like tomorrow? 1. What is the passage mainly about? A. Internet. B. Information. C. Compute
41、rs. D. E-mails. 2. Which is the quickest and cheapest way to send messages to your friends? A. By post. B. By E-mail. C. By telephone. D. By satellite. 3. Which may be the most possible place for people to work in tomorrow? A. In the office. B. At school. C. At home. D. In the company. 4. Whose the
42、owner of the Internet? A. The headmaster. B. The officer. C. The user. D. No one. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 12 页CCNU JULIE 第 5页 共12页5. What does the writer try to tell us with the last two sentences? A. English is important in using the Internet. B. the Internet is more an
43、d more popular. C. Most of the information is in English. D. Every computer must have the Internet. Passage SevenIn most towns today, you can see teenagers standing over electronic machines with flashing lights, shooting at spaceships from other planets and dropping bombs on strange monsters(恶魔 ). T
44、he machines have names like Space Warrior, Dark Invader and so on. It used to be believed that damage was done only to those strange visitors from outer space, but now it seems that they are striking back. Many teenagers like electronic games so much that they cant stop playing. They spend hours tig
45、htly holding the joystick controls and constantly pressing buttons marked “fire”. They develop pains on their fingers because of the constant pressure. They play and play that the pains have no chance to cure properly. The rapid wrist movement required to guide the spaceship across the screen causes
46、 another problem: The muscles of the wrist and arm become so inflamed and swollen(充血红肿 ) that they press against the bones. This condition is what doctors now call “Space Warriors Wrist”.Other strange aches and pains also are likely to affect the elbows and shoulders. Another even more alarming prob
47、lem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl which was recently reported in the British Medical Journal. She had been playing various kinds of electronic games for more than two hours a day. Her father repaired games and machines and she could use the cassettes and systems in his workshop as often
48、 as she liked. One day, after playing a game called Dark Invader, she lost consciousness( 晕倒 ) and fell to the floor. Doctors who examined her found she was suffering from an unusual illness caused by lights flashing at a particular frequency. 1. Electronic games are found very popular with _. A. pe
49、ople living in towns B. students studying in high schools C. girls wo rking in their fathers workshops D. young people 2. “Space Warriors Wrist” is caused by _. A. constantly pressing the buttons B. rapidly moving across the screen C. tightly holding the joystick controls D. inflamed and swollen mus
50、cles of the wrist 3. The case of a 17-year-old girl given by the writer shows that the writer _. A. supports playing electronic games B. feels very sorry for the girl C. disagreed with young peoples playing electronic games D. feels worried about young peoples poor health4. From the passage we can c