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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - CCNU JULIE 阅读懂得科技类Passage One The computer is a useful machine. It is the most important invention in many years. The oldest kind of computer is the abacus算盘 , used in China centuries ago, but the first large, modern computer was built in 1946. A computer then could do maths
2、 problems quite fast. Today computers are used in many ways and can do many kinds of work. In a few years the computer may touch the life of everyone, even people in faraway villages. In the last few years, there have been great changes in computers. They are getting smaller and smaller, and computi
3、ng faster and faster, Many scientists agree that computers can now do many things, but they cannot do everything. Who knows what the computers of tomorrow will be like. Will computers bring good things or bad things to people. The scientists of today will have to decide how to use the computers of t
4、omorrow. 1. The computer is a _ machine. A. helpful B. strange C. large D. dangerous 2. The first large, modern computer was built about _ years ago. A. a few B. forty C. sixty D. eighty 3. The computers of today are _ than before. A. bigger B. fewer C. smaller D. taller 4. Computers can do _. A. ev
5、erything B. anything C. nothing D. lots of things 5. The scientists of today _ how to use the computers of tomorrow. A. may decide B. must decide C. can make D. needn t makePassage TwoWarm water freezes more quickly than cold water. Sir Francis Bacon said that almost four hundred years ago. But few
6、people believed him until 1970. In that year a Canadian scientist George Kill proved the English professor was right. Dr Kill filled an open oil pail桶 with cold water. He filled another with warm water. He put both in the same low temperature. The warm water froze first. The lack of covers on the pa
7、ils is the secret. Some of the warm water changed into vapor. This meant that less of the warm water was left to be frozen. And so the warm water froze faster than the cold water even though it had a greater temperature drop to make. 1. Hundreds of years ago, Sir Francis Bacon found _. A. the temper
8、ature of warm water drops faster than that of cold water B. warm water is heavier than cold water C. warm water has the same temperature as cold water D. warm water is not as useful as cold water 2. What Sir Francis Bacon said was right, but people didnt believe him until _. A. late in the 20th cent
9、ury B. early in the 20th century C. three years ago D. late in the 19th century 3. Leave a pail with warm water and another pail with cold water in the same low temperature, you find that _. A. cold water freezes first B. warm water turns into ice before cold water C. warm water and cold water freez
10、e at the same time D. much of cold water is changed into air. 第 1页 共12页名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - CCNU JULIE 4. Why does warm water freeze first in the same freezing weather. A. Because some of the warm water turns to vapor, the amount cold water. B. Because warm water
11、is lighter than cold water. 数量 becomes less than that of C. Because the temperature of warm water is lower than that of cold water. D. Because cold water freezes with more difficulty than warm water. Passage Three If you do not use your arm or your legs for some time, they become weak; when you star
12、t using them again, they slowly become strong again. Everybody knows that. Yet many people do not seem to know that memory works in the same way. When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it. When someone else says that his memory is p
13、oor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong. If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his own fault 过错 . But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents are to blame 受批评 , and few of us know that it is just
14、his own fault. Have you ever found that some people canread or write but usually they have better memories. This is because they cannot read or write and they have to remember things; they cannot write down in a little notebook. They have to remember days, names, songs and stories; so their memory i
15、s the whole time being exercised. So if you want to have a good memory, learn from the people: Practice remembering. 1. The main reason for one is poor memory is that _. A. his father or mother may have a poor memory B. He does not use his name or legs for some time C. his memory is not often used D
16、. he cant read or write2. If you do not use your arms or legs for some time _. A. you cant use them any moreB. they will become stronger C. they become weak and wont become strong until you use them again.D. they will become neither stronger nor weaker 3. Which of the following is NOT true. A. Your
17、memory works in the same way as your arms or legs. B. Your memory, like your arms or legs, becomes weak if you dont give it enough chance for practice. C. Don t learn how to read and write if you want to have a better memory. D. A good memory comes from more practice. 4. Some people cant read or wri
18、te, but they usually have better memories, because _. A. they have save much trouble B. they have saved much time to remember things C. they have to use their memories all the time D. they cant write everything in a little notebook5. Which is the best title for this passage. A. Don t Stop Using Your
19、 Arms Or Legs B. How To Have a Good Memory C. Strong Arms And Good Memories D. Learn From the People 第 2页 共12页名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - CCNU JULIE Passage Four When Johnson called again, the manager received him very politely. “That is a most remyou brought us, Mr John
20、son,” he said. Johnson nodded his smooth, dark head. That was something he knew very well. “I ve never seen anything like it,” the manager admitted. Johnson nodded again. he said politely. Then he added, “But I think you will, sir. A very great deal of it.”for a moment. “I think you will find it wil
21、l be on sale seven, perhaps, eight years from now.The manager thought that was uncertain. He said, “It is better than our fish oils. I admit that.“So I am told, sir,” agreed Johnson. “Have you any plans to produce it yourself, Mr Johnson.” “Would I be showing it to youif I had.” Johnson smiled again
22、.“We might add some chemicals to one of our own fish oils, said the manager. “It would be expensive to do that, even if you could,” Johnson said gently. “Besides,” he added, oil will be much cheaper th an your best fish oils. Cheaper than any vegetable oil, in fact.” “Perhaps,” said the manage. “Wel
23、l, I suppose you want to make an arrangement, Mr Johnson. Shall we discuss it.” “Of course,” said Johnson. “There are two ways of dealing with a situation o f this sort. The usual one is to prevent it altogether or at least to delay it as long as possible. That is, of course, the best way.The manage
24、r nodded. He knew plenty about all that. “But I am so sorry for you, because, you see, that is not possible this time.” Thdoubts, but all he said was an inquiringasking, “Oh.” “The other way,” continued Johnson, “is to produce yourself before the trouble starts.1. The manager thought of adding chemi
25、cals to the fish oil to make it _. A. cheaper than the new oil B. more quickly C. more expensive D. as good as the new oil 2. Johnson s new oil would be _. A. more expensive than fish oil, but better C. less expensive, but not good B. less expensive, and better D. more expensive, and not so good 3.
26、Johnson expressed his regret that the manager _. A. could not stop the new oil being made B. would never know how to make it C. had spent a lot of money on it D. didn t know enough about it4. Johnson showed his new oil to the manager because he wanted _. A. to produce it himself C. to be paid not to
27、 produce it Can you remember the first time B. to prevent it being produced D. the manager to produce it Passage Five you learned to ride a bike or drive a car. Learning these skills changed your life forever and opened up new horizons. Learning about computers can be like learning how to ride a bik
28、e or drive a car. Once you have invested the time to master the skills, you will never go back to the old days. The new technology is simply too convenient and too powerful. Technological developments through the years have enabled us to do more with less effort. We have continuously looked for bett
29、er ways of doing things. Each invention and new development has allowed us to extend our capabilities. Today we see one of the most dramatic technologies ever developed the computer. It extends the capabilities of our minds. Computers have saved organizations millions of dollars. Furthermore, these
30、same computer systems have opened up new opportunities that would have gone undiscovered or neglected. The computer may multiply what we can do, and the return on investment is high. The growth of computer usage is surprising. On the other hand, the computer can do serious damage. Invasion of privac
31、y 侵害隐私 , fraud欺诈 , and computer-related mistakes are just a few shocking examples. 第 3页 共12页名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - CCNU JULIE The computer is like a double-edged sword. It has the ability to cut us free from some activities, but it can also cut deep into profits, pe
32、rsonal privacy, and our society in general. How it is used is not a function of technology. It is strictly a function of how people decide to use or misuse this new technology. The choice is yours, and only through a knowledge of computer systems will you be able to avoid the dangers while enjoying
33、the many, many benefits of the computer age. 1. The writer thinks learning about computers is like learning how to ride a bike or drive a car because _. A. it is simple and practical C. it leads people to new life experiences B. it needs a lot of practice D. it takes much time to master the skills 2
34、. According to the passage, computers bring people the following benefits except _. A. avoiding mistakes B. saving money C. making money D. opening up opportunities 3. According to the writer, the bad effects of computers can be avoided if we _. A. have sound knowledge of computer systems B. tell pe
35、ople not to misuse computers C. have strict rules over the use of computers D. make more investments in the technology 4. This passage is probably written for _. A. computers B. computer producers C. computer learners D. computer programmers Passage Six Perhaps you have heard a lot about the Interne
36、t, but what is it, do you know. The Internet is a network. It uses the telephone to join millions of computers together around the world. Maybe that doesnt sound very interesting. But when youve joined to the Internet, there are loand lots of things you can do. You can send E-mails to your friends,
37、and they can get them in a few seconds. You can also do with all kinds of information on the World Wide Web WWW. There are many different kinds of computers now. They all can be joined to the Internet. Most of them are small machines sitting on peoples desks at home, but there are still many others
38、in schools, offices or large companies. These computers are owned by people and companies, but no one really owns the Internet itself. There are lots of places for you to go into the Internet. For example, your school may have the Internet. You can use it during lessons or free time. Libraries often
39、 have computers joined to the Internet. You are welcome to use it at only time. Thanks to the Internet, the world is becoming smaller and smaller. It is possible for you to work at home with a computer in front, getting and sending the information you need. You can buy or sell whatever you want by t
40、he Internet. But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English. So what will English be like tomorrow. 1. What is the passage mainly about. A. Internet. B. Information. C. Computers. D. E-mails. 2. Which is the quickest and cheapest way to send messages to your friends. A. By post
41、. B. By E-mail. C. By telephone. D. By satellite. 3. Which may be the most possible place for people to work in tomorrow. A. In the office. B. At school. C. At home. D. In the company. 4. Whose the owner of the Internet. A. The headmaster. B. The officer. C. The user. D. No one. 第 4页 共12页名师归纳总结 - -
42、- - - - -第 4 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - CCNU JULIE 5. What does the writer try to tell us with the last two sentences. A. English is important in using the Internet. C. Most of the information is in English. B. the Internet is more and more popular. D. Every computer must have the Internet. Pa
43、ssage Seven In most towns today, you can see teenagers standing over electronic machines with flashing lights, shooting at spaceships from other planets and dropping bombs on strange monsters恶魔 . The machines have names like Space Warrior, Dark Invader and so on. It used to be believed that damage w
44、as done only to those strange visitors from outer space, but now it seems that they are striking back. Many teenagers like electronic games so much that they canstop playing. They spend hours tightly holding the joystick controls and constantly pressing buttons marked “ fire” . They develop painon t
45、heir fingers because of the constant pressure. They play and play that the pains have no chance to cure properly. The rapid wrist movement required to guide the spaceship across the screen causes another problem: The muscles of the wrist and arm become so inflamed and swollen充血红肿 that they press aga
46、inst the bones. This condition is what doctors now call “Space WarriorOther strange aches and pains also are likely to affect the elbows and shoulders. Another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl which was recently reported in the British Medical Journal. She had been playing various kinds of electronic games for more than two hours a day. Her father repaired games and machines and she could use the cassettes and systems in his workshop as often as she liked. One day, after playing a game called Dark Invader, she