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1、Traditional skills 一 、知识讲解及拓展1. used to& be usedto doing &be usedto doUsed to do sth 过去常常做某事只用于过去时态He usedto go to school by bike.Be usedto doing 习惯于做某事可用于过去,现在,将来等时态He is usedto going to school.Be usedto do被用于 .可用于任何时态=be usedfor doingEg: 1 -How is your grandma?-Sheis fine. Sheusedto _TV at homeaft
2、er supper.But now sheis usedto _ out for awalk.A watch, goB watching, goC watching, goingD watch, going2 Bamboo can_paper.A used to makeB be usedmakeC be usedto makeD be usedto making2 although 虽然,尽管与 though 同义,用来引导让步状语从句。不能与 but 同时出现在句子中。 Although 比较正式, 常用于句首; though多用于非正式文体,表示强调。Eg: -The boy cansp
3、eakboth English andJapanese_heis only ten.-Wow, what aclever boy.A ifB becauseC although3 fit adj. 健壮的,健康的v.合适,侧重于尺寸,大小合适。To keep fit, sheeatsalot of vegetables andfruits.This coat doesnt fit me.4 up to 到达,至多有;up tonow 到现在为止 =by nowHis storybooks are up to 50. 5 setoff 出发,动身 =setoutThey setoff at ni
4、ght.6 get/beready for为 .做好准备,beready 准备好的 . Beready to do sth 准备做某事Mother getsready for dinner.Tom is readyfor the exam.Are you ready?Im ready to go.7 tie.around.栓.在.周围The girl ties a scarf around her neck.Tie to 把.系在 .He tied thehorse to atree.Tie up 系好,捆好Pleasetie up your safety belt.8 stop.from d
5、oing 阻止 .做 .=prevent .from=keep .fromThe heavyrain prevented/kept us from climbing the mountain. 9 reach& get& arrive Reach及物动词,后直接跟表示地点的名词GetGet to +地点名词;get here/theArriveArrive at+小地点; arrive in+大地点;可当不及物动词:He arrived.10 hang 悬挂,吊悬挂: hang-hung-hung; 绞死,吊死: hang-hanged-hanged 精选学习资料 - - - - - - -
6、- - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 6 页11 throw 短语 Throw .into 把.扔进 . Throw away 扔掉 throw off 匆匆脱掉 throw at 向.扔去He threw a stone into the river. Throw away those old newspapers. Dont throw off your coat. It s cold outside. Tom threw stones at my dog. 12 require& need Require 及物动词 Require to be done; req
7、uire doing; require sb. to do Need 及物动词Need to do; need to be done; need doing 情态动词Need do Plants require watering every day. They require that I should appear. I need to buy a new bike. The room needs to be cleaned. You needn t come. 13 no more& no longer No more不再常用来修饰非延续性动词,表示今后不再重复以前发生的动作,多指数量上不
8、再增加,程度不再加深。 =not .anymore No longer不再相当于not .any longer,在句中起副词作用,用来修饰延续性动词,指某事从时间上讲以后不再发生,其时间不再延续。He no more comes. We are no longer students. He is no more a student.= He isn t a student any more. 14 mistake 错误 Make a mistake 犯错误 by mistake 错误地,无意中 Mistake A for B 把 A 错认成 B He makes a lot of mistak
9、es in grammar. I took her umbrella by mistake. I often mistake Lucy for Lily. 15 after& later After 介词常用于过去时态,after+一段时间表示某段时间后Later 副词常用于过去时或将来时,一段时间+later 形容词意为 “ 后来的 ” ,修饰名词After two years, he died in London. Tom left for Shanghai two weeks later. 16 keep 短语Keep sb/sth + 形容词:使.保持 .; keep +形容词:保持某
10、种状态;keep (sb) doing: 不停地做某事Coats will keep you warm. We should keep out school clean and tidy. The shop keeps open twelve hours a day. Dont keep talking. 17 名词 +y=形容词 Health( 健康) +y=healthy (健康的) luck( 幸运) +y=lucky (幸运的)In good/bad/poor health 健康状况好 /不好keep healthy 保持健康For luck 为了吉利;bad luck 倒霉good
11、luck 好运18 be made from& be made of Be made from 由.制成;看不出原材料Be made of 由.制成;看得出原材料精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页 Be made up of 由.组成Be made into 被制成 . Be made in 在.制造They made wine from rice. Paper is made from wood. The house is made of wood, The doll is made up of four part
12、s. 19 voice& noise& sound Voice 嗓音;指喉咙发出的声音The girl has a beautiful voice. Noise 噪声Don t make any noise! Sound 泛指一切声音At midnight he heard a strange sound. 二、语法被动语态英语动词有两种语态:_和_。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。1、被动语态的构成:英语动词的被动语态由_构成。助动词 be 必须与主语的人称和数量保持一致,并有时态的变化。例如:The man was fooled by the two boy
13、s.The book has been translated into several languages. 2、被动语态的用法(1)动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。例如:Street lights are often turned on at six in winter. The new test book will be used next term. (2)当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时,要用被动语态。 例如:This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop. The thief was cau
14、ght by a policeman yesterday. (3)含有双宾语的句子,主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语,另一个保留不变。变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或 for。 例如:The pianist gave the pupils( 间接宾语 )some advice(直接宾语 ) The pupils were given some advice by the pianist. Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist. (4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、
15、let、 see 、watch、hear、feel 等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语,动词不定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。 例如:The boss made them work ten hours a day. They were made to work ten hours a day. A boy saw him enter the house. He was seen to enter the house. 3、被动语态的时态一般现在时构成:助动词be + 动词的过去分词例如: This kind of car is made in shanghai. 一般过去时构
16、成:助动词was/were + 动词的过去分词例如: The bridge was built in 1992. 现在进行时构成:be + being + 动词的过去分词例如: A new bridge is being built in my hometown. 过去进行时构成:was/were + being + 动词的过去分词例如: The plan was being discussed by them at that time . 一般将来时构成:will/be going to do + be + 动词的过去分词例如:These books are going to be post
17、ed tomorrow. 过去将来时构成:would/was(were )going to do + be + 动词的过去分词例如: The room would be painted . 现在完成时构成:助动词have/has + been + 动词的过去分词例如: Has his work been finished? 过去完成时构成:助动词had + been + 动词的过去分词例如: The news had been told to him by us . 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 6 页带有情态动词的被
18、动语态构成:情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词例如: Can this walkman be repaired here? 主动语态改为被动语态的步骤: 主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语; 主动语态句中的动词改为相应的被动语态; 主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中by 的宾语。主动语态句中的谓语动词带有双宾语,即直接宾语和间接宾语时,转换方法有两种: 把间接宾语转化为主语,保留直接宾语 把直接宾语转化为主语,保留间接宾语。此时,一般需在间接宾语前加适当的介词(通常是介词 for 或 to)。在短语see sb. do sth. 中,动词see后跟不带to 的不定式作宾补。改为被动语态
19、时要加上to。用于这一结构的谓语动词一般是表示知觉的动词如see, hear,watch,find 等,以及使役动词make, let 等。巩固练习:.把下列主动语态改为被动语态: 1、We often use a recorder in our English class. _ 2、They will show a new film next week. _ 3、When did they build the house? _ 4、I saw the boy enter the room. _ 5、Will they show a new film next week? _ 6、Have t
20、hey posted the letter yet? _ 7、We often see him help his classmate. _ 8、You must turn off the light before you go to bed. _ 9、Who is repairing the bike? _ 10、The student should learn all the texts by heart. _ .选择填空 : 1. The reading room _ yesterday afternoon. A. cleaned B. is cleaned C. was cleaning
21、 D. was cleaned 2. The workers were made _ ten hours a day. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 3. Food _ in a cool place in summer. A. must keep B. mustn t keep C. must be kept D. mustn t be kept 4. His father _ to work in Hong Kong 3 years ago. A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. has been sent
22、5. The pen _ well. A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing 6. Great changes _ in the town since 1988. A. have taken place B. have been taken place C. has taken place D. has been taken place 7. Our compositions must _ next Monday. A. be hand in B. be handed in C. handed in D. be handing in
23、8. The child will _ back to his parents next month. A. sent B. send C. be sent D. be sending 9. _ his work _ yet? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 6 页A. have been finished B. has been finished C. has finishedD. have finished10. The classroom _ now. A. is cleaning B. is being clea
24、ning C. is being cleaned D. is cleaned 作业:一 根据提示完成单词1 D_ the picture you have seen. 2 Write a short article about a p_with a traditional skill. 3 A_ he is over 65, he is very fit and still enjoys w_. 4 They can d_ down and stay under the water for up to two minutes. 5 Damin usually sets off in the l
25、ate afternoon and gets the cormorants r_for work. 6 The fish are then taken and thrown i_a big basket by Damin. 7 No nets are r_ for this type of fishing. 8 Damin is over 65 now, but he still e_working. 9 After dark, he h_a light on a post at the front of the boat. 二 单选1 In some countries, tea _with
26、 milk and sugar. A is serving B is served C serves D served 2 The new type of car is going to _in three years. A turn out B be turned out C has turned out D have been turned out 3 -I want to sit at the table near the window.- Sorry, _already. A it took B it takes C it is taking D it has been taken 4
27、 The letter _three days ago and it _yesterday. A had post, had arrived B was posted, arrived C posted, arrived D had been posted,was arrived 5 He told me that the final examination _next Thursday. A is given B will be give C would have given D would be given 6 Water _into ice, A will changed B will
28、be changed C should change D can be changed 7 Plays _twice a month in that theatre. A put on B are put on C was put on D often put on 8 The birds _fly away last Saturday. A let to B is let to C was let D were let to 9 A strange sound _yesterday evening. A was heard B hears C heard D is heard 10 A be
29、autiful bike _him by his classmates. A sent to B will sent to C was sent to D will be sent for 11 _a new library _in our school last year? A Is, built B Was, built C Does, build D Did, build 12 An accident _on this road last week. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 6 页 A has been h
30、appened B was happened C is happened D happened 13 Cotton _in the southeast of China. A is grown B are grown C grows D grow 14 A talk on Chinese history _in the school hall next week. A is given B has been given C will be given D gives 15 A lot of things _by people to save the little girl now. A are
31、 doing B are being done C has been done D will be done 16 -When _ this kind of computers _? - Last year. A did, use B was, used C is, used D are, used 17 The Great Wall _ all over the world. A knows B knew C is know D was known 18 Who _ this book_? A did, written B was, written by C did, written by
32、D was, written 19 A story _by Granny yesterday. A was told us B was told to us C is told us D told us 20 The monkey was seen _off the tree. A jump B jumps C jumped D to jump 三 完形填空How do people pass on messages? When you write a letter or make a telephone call, your words take a message. People comm
33、unicate with words. Do you think you can communicate without words? A smile _1_ your face shows you are happy and friendly. Tears in your eyes tell _2_ that you are sad. When you _3_ your hand in class, the teacher knows you want to say something _4_ ask questions. You shake your head, and people kn
34、ow you are saying no. You nod and people know you are saying yes. Other things can also give some information. _5_a sign at the bus stop helps you to know which bus _6_. A sign on the wall of your school helps you to find the library. Signs on doors tell you how to go in or out. _7_ you ever noticed that there ae a lot of signs around you and that you receive messages from _8_ all the time? People can communicate in many other ways 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 6 页