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1、学习必备欢迎下载Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips 知识点讲解与拓展：1.character：n. 人物、角色Yue Fei is a great historical character. 2.think of 考虑、思考I m thinking of going to Paris for vacation. 拓展： think of ：想起、记起I can t think of his name. think of ： 对有某种看法，常用于“What do you think of ”句型中What do you think of the book ？3.ad
2、d to& add to add to把加到上Please add some salt to the water. add to 添加，增添（欢乐、困难等抽象名词）Do you have anything to add to the list? 4.record v. 录音I ve recorded the whole concert. 拓展： record n. 记录set the record 创造记录break the record 打破记录hold the record 保持记录5.decide on 决定、选定What made you decide on Plan A? 6.bas
3、ic adj. 基础的，基本的拓展： base basis (n.)基础basic (adj.)基本的basically (adv,)基本上7.Here it is. 以 here 和 there 开头的句子，若后面的主语为人称代词，主谓不倒装；若后面的主语为名词，主谓倒装。Here you are. 给你。Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。8.forget v. 忘记forget to do 忘记要做某事 （动作没发生）I forget to turn off the light. forget doing 忘记做过某事 （动作已发生）I forget opening t
4、he door. 9.look like 看上去像Tom looks like his father. 拓展：提问长相：What do/ dose sb. look like? 提问性格：What is sb. like? 10.appear v. 显得，看来，似乎A woman suddenly appeared in the doorway. 拓展： appear （to be）+ adj./ n. She appears (to be) happy at the news. appear to do sth. You appear to travel quite a lot. 11.a
5、little& a bit 1) 两者都可以作副词用，用来修饰形容词（原级或比较级），或动词。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 6 页学习必备欢迎下载I m a little/ bit hungry. 2) 用作形容词做定语时，a little 修饰不可数名词，而a bit 后面加 of 再加不可数名词。There s a little water.= There s a bit of water. 12.be ready to do sth. 已完成某事，准备好做某事The contract will be ready
6、to sign in two weeks. 拓展： be/ get ready for sth. 为做好准备Are you ready for your teast? 13.as well as 并且，还。用来连接并列成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一主语保持一致。She is clever as well as beautiful. 14.how to do 疑问词 + to do I don t know how to do it. 拓展： what to do 做什么where to go 去哪里why to do 为什么做15.Don t+ 动词原形 . 否定祈使句，意为“不要，禁止
7、”Don t play jokes on me, will you? 16.the same as和一样The twins look the same as each other. 拓展： be different from 与不同London was different from most European capitals. 17.look 连系动词，意为“看起来，看上去”，厚街形容词作表语。Alice looks happy today. 拓展：连系动词还有：:be(是), look( 看起来 ), feel(摸上去 ), seem(似乎是 ), appear(似乎、显得 ), prov
8、e(证明是 ), smell(闻起来 ), taste(尝起来 ), sound(听起来 )等18.Let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事在 let 引导的祈使句中，sb 可以是名词，也可以说代词的宾格。Let him go. let 是使役动词，常用的使役动词还有：make，have，leave 等。They made me repeat the story. 19.a pair of+ 不可数名词 / 可数名词的复数a pair of shoes 20.look out= pay attention to 当心、注意Look out ！There is a car coming！拓展
9、： look out of 向外看She stopped writing and looked out of the window. 21.pick up 捡起，拾起She pick up a flower on the road. 拓展： pick up sth. 捡起某物，当sth.是人称代词的宾格时，放在pick 之后，如： pick it up 。当sth.是名词时，可以放在pick up 中间或 up 之后，如： pick the pen up= pick up the pen 。22.in trouble 在困境中He s in trouble, let s help him. 拓
10、展：与trouble 相关的短语：get into trouble 惹上麻烦have trouble（in）doing sth.做某事有困难23.success n. 成功I wish you success with your studies. 拓展： succeed v. 成功。 succeed in doing sth. successful adj. 成功的。His business is successful. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 6 页学习必备欢迎下载24.tell sb sth. 告诉某人某事H
11、e told me the reason. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事The teacher told him to clean the classroom. tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不做某事He told us not to buy clothes in this store. 25.laugh at 嘲笑Don t laugh at him, please. 1. What do you _ your hometown? It is very beautiful. I love it very much. A.look at B.
12、talk about C.think of D.think over 2. When I was in the supermarke, I forgot _ money with me. A.to take B.to taking C.taking D.bringing 3. Could you give me some advice? I dont know _. Why dont you wear this red shirt? A.when to wear B.what to wear C.how to wear D.where to wear 4. Most of my classma
13、tes do nt like to talk to teir parents, but I am _ them. A.different from B.surprised at C.the same as D.proud of 5. Wheres your ticket? Show _ , please. A.me it B.it me C.me to it D.it to me 6. -Tom, _ read books while you are walking in the street. It s very dangerous. -OK, thank you. A.don t B.do
14、esn tC.wont D.can t7. He _ a piece of waste paper, and put it into the rubbish bag. A.picked up B.threw away C.looked for D.handed in 8. I t sure our football team will _ this match.We re the best. A.win B.fail C.lose D.beat 9. Our teacher often tells us _ in the river. It s dangerous. A.don t swim
15、B.not swim C.not to swim D.not swimming 10. Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information _ in a short time. A.can be learned B.has been learned C.can learn D.has learned 语法被动语态（2）一 . 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。二 . 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换We Visited that factory last summer 主动语态主语谓语宾语状语That factory w
16、as visited by us last summer 被动语态主语谓语宾语状语三 . 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时（ 1）Do they speak French ? Is French spoken by them ? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 6 页学习必备欢迎下载am / is / are + P.P. （ 2）They don t use the room .The room isn t used by them .一般过去时was / were + p.p. （
17、 1）The hunter killed a tiger . （ 2）He wrote many stories last year . A tiger was killed by the hunter . Many stories was written by him last year . 现在进行时am / is / are +being +p.p. （ 1） These workers are building a new bridge . （ 2）He is mending his car . A new bridge is being built by these workers
18、. His car is being mended by him . 过去进行时was / were + being + p.p. （ 1）He was selling books . （ 2） They were discussing the plan at that time . Books were being built by him . The plan was being discussed by them at that time . 现在完成时have / has + been + p. p. （ 1 ） She has learned many English words .
19、 （ 2）He has finished the work . Many English words have been learned by her . The work has been finished by him . 过去完成时had + been + p.p. （ 1 ） They has solved the problem . （ 2）We had told him the news by then . The problem had been solved by them . The news had been told to him by us . 一般将来时shall /
20、 will be + p.p. （ 1）I shall make a plan . （ 2）They are going to fix the radio in an hour . A plan will be made by me . The radio is going to be fixed by them in an hour . 过去将来时would be + p.p. was/ were going to be + p.p. （ 1） He told me they would paint the room . （ 2）They were going to put on a pla
21、y the next week . He told me the room would be painted by them . A play was going to be put by them the next week . 情态动词can / may / must / should + be + p.p. （ 1） We should hand in our homework . （ 2 ） You must answer the question in English . Our homework should be handed in by us . The question mu
22、st be answered in English by you . 四 . 如何正确使用被动语态1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to” 。eg. He often tells us interesting stories . （主动语态）.h imbyustotoldoftenarestoriesgInterestin.himbystoriesginterestintoldoftenareWe（被动语态）精选学习资料 - - - -
23、- - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 6 页学习必备欢迎下载常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass 等。2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当， to 被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to 还要还原。eg. I often hear her sing this popular song . （主动语态）She is often heard to sing this popular song . （被动语态） 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , he
24、ar , watch , feel , notice 等。3. 有些“ be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语） 。 ”)()(.FengpingbyclosedisdoorThe.closedisdoorThe被动语态。这个门是由冯平来关的系表结构门是关着的。)()(.MarybybrokenwasglassThe.brokenisglassThe被动语态。的这个玻璃杯是玛丽弄坏系表结构。这个玻璃杯是坏的4. 只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词+介词词组才可以有被动语态。)()(.Chinainplacetakenbeenhavechange
25、sGreat.ChinainplacetakenhavechangesGreat错误正确)()(.seadeeptheinddisappearewasdolphinThe.seadeeptheinddisappearedolphinThe错误正确五、不能用被动语态的情况1.不及物动词不能用于被动语态，如：appear，rise，die，happen，break out，take plac 2.表状态动词不能用于被动语态，如：hold，have，cost，contain，become，look like 等3.某些动词的进行时可表示被动，如：The meat is cooking. 肉正在煮着。
26、4.主动形式表示被动意义。1)某些感官动词和系动词接形容词可以表示被动意义，如：look， smell， taste， feel， prove，wear，sound 等。eg：Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy. 2)动名词的主动形式表被动语态，如：want，deserve，need，require，take，worth 等。The book is worth reading. 这本书值得读。The children need looking after. 孩子们需要照顾。3)某些做表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表被动意义。The conversati
27、on is hard to understand. 这个对话很难理解。The fish is not easy to fish. 鱼不容易上钩。The passage is difficult to read. 这段文章很难读懂。1. The mobile phone has influenced people s life a lot since it _.A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented 2. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, _well. A.
28、sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold 3. The sports meeting _next month. 比较： 1. 2. eg：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 6 页学习必备欢迎下载A. will hold B. is going to hold C. will be held 4. Excuse me. Im looking for Be the Best of Yourself. Sorry. The book you ask for_ out. A. is selling
29、B. is sold C. was selling D. will be sold 5. Annie _ to the party. She had a wonderful time with us. A. invites B. is invited C. was invited D. has invited 6. Many houses _ in the earthquake of April 20, 2013 in Ya an.A. is destroyed B. are destroyed C was destroyed D. were destroyed 7. Han Han s bo
30、oks are popular. They _ by many teenagers.A. is read B. was read C. are read D. were read 8. Teenagers_allowed to drive. A. should not be B. should be not C. not should be 9. At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More chances _ to students to learn from each other. A. offer
31、 B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering 10. I want to borrow the book, but I don t know how long it may _. For two weeks. A. keep B. be borrowed C. borrow D. be kept 11. Many trees _ on the streets every years. So the air is very fresh now. A. plant B. are planted C. planted D. were planted
32、12. Didnt you see the sign No Parking! on the right? Sorry, I didnt. But now I know parking _ here. A. wasnt allowed B. isnt allowed C. wont allow D. doesnt allow 13. From May 6, pedestrians( 行人 ) _10 yuan if they run red lights, according to Beijing traffic authorities.A. will fineB. were fined C.
33、are fine D. will be fined 14.What languages _ in that country? German and English A. are speaking B. are spoken C. speak D. is spoken 15. A year has four seasons and it _ twelve different star signs. A. divided into B. is dividing into C. divided into D is divided into 16. The child without parents
34、_ good care of by his teachers in this special school. A. is taken B. are taken C. take D. takes 17. Clark, your room is really in a mess. It needs _ Sorry, mum. Ill do it at once. A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. to be cleaned 18. “ Frog ”， Mo Yans latest novel, please! Sorry, it _ just now. But
35、it will come out again soon. A. sold out B. is sold out C. has sold out D. was sold out 19. Do you know Earth Day? Sure. It in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet. A. sets up B. set up C. is set up D. was set up 20A lot of trees _around here every year ，and we can enjoy fresher air now Awere planted B are planted C will plant Dare planting 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 6 页