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1、Unit 5 Languages Around The World必备知识自主检测/I.词块记单词1. 2. 8 billion people 二十八亿人2. their native or second language 他们的母语或第二语言3. the attitude of the speaker 演讲者的态度4. the main factors 主要因素5. a picture-based language 一种以图画为基础的语言6. an important means 一个重要方式7. the classic works 经典作品8. the high regard for th
2、e Chinese writing system 对中国书写体系的高度重视9. Chinese characters 汉字10. in global affairs在全球事务中11. specific information 特定信息12. a struggle 一场斗争13. beg your pardon 请原谅14. bridge the gap 消除隔阂15. a demand 一种需求II .语境记单词1. Apart from the textbooks, I often refer to other reference materials to assist my studies
3、, (refer)2. There are various goods in the supermarket, and the prices vary from cents to dollars. The variety attracts many customers, (variety).3. One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job. (major)4. People with an appre
4、ciation of art and literature can appreciate works of art. (appreciate)5. All men are born equal, so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand, (equal)6. He described the robbery in detail to the policeman and his description was very valuable 一 the police caught the
5、robber in a short time, (describe)III .语境记短语1. Its well known that some diseases relate to (与相关)air pollution.The festival is held in November every year. It dates back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.The festival, dating back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in au
6、tumn, is held in November every year.（动词-ing 形式短语作定语）顿卷）建date back to/date from常用于一般现在时，不用于被动语态。常用其动词-ing形式 作后置定语。11. be+of+抽象名词素养佳句（2021 全国甲卷写作）Furthermore, guzheng is of great significance to Chinese folk music leading you to a fantastic world of music.此外，古筝对中国民族音乐也有重要的意义，它带着你进入一个美妙的音乐世界。（l）be of
7、use/importance/significance/help/value/benefit/.= beuseful/important/significant/helpful/valuable/beneficial/.（这些抽象名词前还可用形容词great, little, some, any, much, no来修饰说明其程 度。）（2）be of . colour/age/size/height/weight/shape/type/kind/.（这类名词前常用different, the same, this, that等词来修饰或说明。）（3）be of . . quality/cha
8、racter/feature/.（这类名词前常用good, bad, nice, fine, serious等词来修饰或说明。）团基础练透单句语法填空Your suggestions on how to solve the problem are very useful （use） to us.TheForeign Culture” section in our newspaper is of great popularity amongus students.团能力迁移同义句转换His opinion is considered to be very valuable.His opinion
9、 is considered to be of great value.A harmonious family is of benefit to a child，s personal development.A harmonious family is beneficial to a child，s personal development.12. the +比拟级.，the +比拟级素养佳句Education is about learning, and the more you learn, the more you will prepare for your life.教育就是学习，你学
10、的知识越多，你对于生活的准备就越充分。“the+比拟级.，the+比拟级.”结构用法如下:（1）意为“越，就越”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方 程度的变化而变化。(2)从结构上看，第一个“the+比拟级”是表示条件的状语从句(在表示将来意义时， 从句用一般现在时表示将来)；第二个“the+比拟级”是主句。(3)本结构可以用省略形式。团基础练透单句语法填空The more you practise, the better you will speak (speak) English.(2021 全国甲卷)And the more we look, the more (much
11、) we will see that social factors (因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius.口能力迁移完成句子The more you know about our traditional culture, the more you are interested in it.你对我们的传统文化了解得越多，你就对它越感兴趣。The more learned a man is, the more modest he usually is.一个人越有学问，就往往越谦虚。微圜练
12、全选词填空attitude; despite; ups and downs; regard; description; point of view; relate to; native; symbol; a number of1. Can you give a description of the contents of your lost wallet?2. Sincerely, not only gratitude but also forgiveness is always my attitude towards life.3. Despite her good salary, she
13、measured out every dollar needed for household expenses.4. It was his first visit to his native country since 1948.5. Our life has its ups and downs and we need someone to ride with us.6. In the past ten years a number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing but ruins.7. To write a goo
14、d news report, you have to make sure your information relates to something that has recently happened.8. White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures.9. Teachers, nurses and secretaries are always regarded as jobs for women.10. From my point of view, it is of great importance to pay
15、attention to thefeelings of ourselves.$考对接I.语境猜词义1. （2021 浙江卷 1 月）0nly humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.系统2. （2021 全国乙卷）Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact （影响）travel to undisturbed places.匕 把视为3. （202
16、1 全国甲卷）Lets state clearly: Einstein was a genius. Uis face is almost the international symbol for genius. 象征II. 一词多义1. （2021 新高考 I 卷）Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person，s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, moti
17、vation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and upeople skills. ”BA. .角色B. .性格C. n.符号D.n.文字E. n.特点2. （2020 全国 I 卷）Published in 1964, it，s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.DA. adj.最优秀的B. adj.传统的C. adj.典型的D. adj.经典的III.完成句子1. （2021 浙江卷 1 月写作）For your visit here, we have arranged a variety of activ
18、ities.为了您的来访，我们已安排各种各样的活动。2. （2020 北京卷写作）Through such an unforgettable experience, I strongly believe that the more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.通过这样一个难忘的经历，我坚信，我们越意识到这句名言的意义，我们将在我们的日 常学习和工作中得到越多的好处。3. （2019 二I匕京卷写作）
19、I hope these suggestions above will be of some help to you. Perhaps we can meet in Beijing.我希望以上这些建议能对你有所帮助。也许我们可以在北京见面。4. （2018 W匕京卷写作）From now on, you should prepare yourself for your future, struggle for your dream and you will get the offer from Beijing Language and Culture University.从现在起，你应该为你
20、的未来做准备，为你的梦想而奋斗，你就会获得北京语言大学的 录取通知书。5. （2018 天津卷写作）What I want to stress is that some new members are in demand in our group.我想强调的是，我们队需要一些新成员。课堂效果-巩固训练/I.单词拼写1. As time goes by, I have changed my attitude （态度）and I even think she is lovely.2. Despite （尽管）all these discouragements, she refused to giv
21、e up.3. What is the specific （具体的）aim since you are working so hard?4. There are two mainly different political parties playing an important part in the state affairs （公共事务）in this country.5. Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up one，s strength, but also develop ones character （性格）.6. r m
22、 very glad to see that your vocabulary （词匚）is gradually building up.7. In our daily life, we must struggle （可一争）against natural disasters.8. She speaks not only her native （本国的）language, Chinese, but also English.9. A list of symbols （符号）used on the map is given in the index.10. First, science gradu
23、ates are in greater demand （需求）than arts ones in China.11. 单句语法填空1. One of the advantages is that we can find various （variety） topics, such as science, culture and history.2. They have tried all means, which possibly are （be） helpful, but unfortunately not a means hos worked （work） so far.3. Dating
24、 （date） back to 300 years ago, the stone house is well preserved.4. Contact with other people is a basic （base） human need.5. Don，t you believe in equality （equal） between men and women?6. These drawings will form the basis （base） of the exhibition.7. We appreciate participating （participate） in thi
25、s activity, which has helped to build an emotional connection between the old and the young.8. Tu Youyou is regarded (regard) as one of the most respectable scientists in China.9. The plan which is related to the project is under discussion at the meeting.10. We paid a visit to Guilin, whose beauty
26、was beyond description (describe).III .补全句子1. (2020 全国m卷写作)由于这些问题，我们希望在您方便的时候得到您的帮助。如 果你愿意帮助我们，我将非常感激。(appreciate)Due to these problems, we hope to get your help at your convenience. I would truly appreciate it if you are willing to give a hand to us.2 .希望这些建议对你有很大的帮助。(be of+/7.)Hopefully, these sug
27、gestions would be of great help to you.3 .(2020 全国I卷写作)无论何时我们在学习上遇到困难，老师总是耐心地帮助我们。 (have trouble with)Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teacher always helps us patiently.4 .基于他们的研究,专家建议农民应该种各种各样的农作物,而不是仅靠大米为生。(过 去分词短语作状语)Based on their research, the experts suggest that farmers plant a
28、variety of crops and not just depend on rice.5 .我们跟他相处的时间越长，他就会在我们中间越受欢迎。(the +比拟级the +比拟级.)The longer we get along with him, the more popular with us he will be.2. When the reporter referred to （提至U） his private affairs, the singer changed his attitude at once.3. From my point of view （观点），it is of
29、 great importance to pay attention to the feelings of ourselves.4. Despite the ups and downs （浮沉）in his life, Mr Brown never stops learning new things.5. This custom dates back to （追溯至lj） the Tang Dynasty and was very popular in the north of China then.6. More often than not, children depend on （依赖）
30、their parents for almost everything.7. As everyone knows, she plays an important role in （在中起重要作用）ourorganisation.8. We，ve consulted a number of （许多）books about the subject in the library.9. The girl used to （过去常常）be shy, but is gradually getting active in group work now.IV .公式练句型1 .展望未来，他明白考上一所名校对他
31、来说意义重大。（be of+名词）Looking ahead, he knows it is of great significance for him to enter a famous university.2 .你们如此善良、体贴，我们希望成为你们的朋友，无论你们在哪里。（no matter where 引导让步状语从句）You are so kind and considerate that we hope to be friends with you no matter where you are.3 .起初我以为我明白了老师所说的，但是他越解释我就越迷惑。（the+比拟级，the
32、+比拟级）At first I thought I understood what my teacher said, but the more he explained, the more confused I became.4 .我不擅长英语，我在语法方面有很多麻烦。（have trouble with sth.）I am not good at English, and I have a lot of trouble with the grammar.5 .那是一个中国经历了很大变化的时代。（It was a time when .）It was a time when China exp
33、erienced very big transformations.关键能力.重难探究Q1. base vt.以为据点;以为基础n.底部；根据素养佳句(2020 全国HI卷写作)These days, I, together with my classmates, have adapted a short play based on the English text.这些天，我和我的同班同学一起根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。(l)base.on/upon.把建立在基础之上be based on/upon以为基础；依据(2)basis n.基础；基本原那么；根据；基点on the basis of
34、 .根据；在的基础上(3)basic adj.基本的；基础的；初级的；根本的(4) based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以为重要局部(或特征)的(5) basically adv.本质上；基本上；(口)说白了；说穿了团基础练透单句语法填空(2021 浙江卷 6 月)uWe can rule out that the dogs simply distinguish between the pictures based on a simple cue, such as the sight of teeth,“ said study author Corsin Mil 11 er.(2020 全
35、国 I 卷)The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based (base) on our present mental register.Based (base) on this understanding, we have a good deal of control and responsibility over our carbon footprint.Basing (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason
36、, you will regret it sooner or later.(5)As far as V m concerned, common hobbies are the basis (base) of making friends.They have to have a basic (base) understanding of computers in order to use the advanced technology.团能力迁移一一句式升级The movie was based on a real- life incident. And it turned out to be
37、a success.The movie based on a oealTife iocident turned out to be a success. (过去 分词短语作定语)Based on a realTife incident, the movie turned out to be a success.(过去 分词短语作状语)2. variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化素养佳句There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.有种类繁多的图案可供选择。a variety of(1) . .0各种各样的varietie
38、s of(2) vary vi.变化vary in sth.在(大小、形状等)方面不同；在某方面有差异vary with .随变化、改变vary from .to . 从到不等； 在到之间变动(3)various adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的；不同的(4)varied adj.各种各样的；形形色色的团基础练透单句语法填空(2021 新高考 1 卷)When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing va
39、riety of wildlife.(2021 全国乙卷)The researchers examined various (variety) levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking.Varieties (vary) of celebrations will be organised to display the agricultural harvest.The research team is made up of the pupils, whose ages vary (var
40、ious) from 10 to 15.团能力迁移一一词汇升级/句式升级Our school has built a new stadium. It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities.Our school has built a new stadium, which has various/varieties of7a variety of well-equipped facilities.(定语从句)领(a variety of (varieties of)既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，该短语修饰 可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
41、；修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。3.major adj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生主修；专门研究 素养佳句(2020 全国 I 卷写作)In fact, he inspires me to major in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.事实上，他激励我在大学主修英语，成为中国与世界之间的桥梁。(1) major in主修；以为专业(2)majority n.大多数；大半a/the majority of . 大多数in the/a majority 占多数(3)min
42、ority n.少数in the/a minority 占少数口基础练透单句语法填空The majority of the land has been destroyed （destroy） so far.Some of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were （be） really funny.I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major u the gardening after atten
43、ding college.口能力迁移一一完成句子When I have a different opinion, I may choose to give it up and respect the opinions of the majority.当我有不同意见时，我可能选择放弃，尊重大多数人的意见。领卷the majority of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；后接不可数名词作主 语时，谓语动词用单数形式；后接集合名词作主语时，假设集合名词视为整体，那么谓语动词用 单数形式，假设集合名词考虑个体，那么谓语动词用复数形式。4. means n.方式；方法；途径一素养佳句The q
44、uality of life has improved and watching films is regarded as a good means of entertainment.生活质量提高了，看电影被认为是一种很好的娱乐方式。by this means用这种方法by means of通过；用；借助于by no means决不；一点也不（放在句首时，句子局部倒装）by all means （用于交际英语中表示同意）当然可以；没问题；务必团基础练透单句语法填空（2021 全国乙卷）Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source （来源）o
45、f plastic pollution .（2020 江苏卷）一Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing?一By all means. He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.Students sometimes support themselves by means of doing part-time jobs.Every possible means has （have） been used to prevent the air pollution
46、, but the sky is still not clear.团能力迁移一一同义句转换The problem is by no means as simple as we first thought.By no means is the prob1em as simple as we first thought.()窟means用作“方式；方法”时单复数同形。假设all/some/several/many means作主语， 谓语动词用复数形式；假设eve/each/one/a means作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。5. appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会；理解vi.增值素
47、养佳句What we appreciated most was that you had a strong teamwork spirit, which allowed us to complete our tasks very efficiently.我们最欣赏的是你们有强烈的团队精神，使我们高效完成了任务。(l)appreciate +名词/代词/动词-ing形式 重视/感激I would appreciate it if .如果我将不胜感激。(2)appreciation n.欣赏；感激express ones appreciation to sb. for sth. 对某人因为某事表达感激之情团基础练透一一单句语法填空(2020 全国 II 卷)His son, age 15, who had taken an art appreciation (appreciate) class, thought that there was something unusual about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair.(2)1 really appreciate it if you could give me such an