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1、-非谓语doing练习-第 8 页高一非谓语动词语法知识及练习在英语语法里，动词有谓语动词和非谓语动词之分。谓语动词，即在句子中充当谓语的动词，谓语动词根据时态和语态而变化，即要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致。非谓语动词，即不能充当谓语的动词，但在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。非谓语形式也根据时态和语态而变化。非谓语动词: 不定式(to do); 动词-ing形式(doing); 过去分词(done) 动词-ing形式的功能和用法：可以充当_。动词-ing形式：主动被动一般式完成式一、动词-ing形式作主语1. 动词-ing形式作主语，表示一般或抽象的习惯性行为，谓语动词用单
2、数。如： _ (read) aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. _ (go) to bed early and _ (get) up early is considered to be a good habit.2. 在一些句子中，常用it作形式主语放在句首，而把真正的主语放到句末。 如：It is no use _ (cry) over spilt milk. 常见句式:It + be + fun / a bore / a waste of time / a great pleasure + doing st
3、h. It + be + useless / worthwhile / nice / good / interesting / expensive + doing sth.It + be no good / no use / no fun + doing sth.二、动词-ing形式作宾语1.下列动词只能用动词-ing形式作宾语。考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardonadmit, delay/put off, fancyavo
4、id, miss, keep/keep on, practicedeny, finish, enjoy/appreciateforbid, imagine, riskcant help, mind, allow/ permit, escapeMy mother advised _ (ask) a doctor to come and examine my eyes. Were considering _ (pay) a visit to the Science Museum. 2.下列结构之后也用动词-ing形式作宾语。be used tolead todevote toobject toge
5、t down topay attention tocant standgive upfeel like insist onput offbe interested inbe fond ofbe good atspend in doinglook forward tosucceed inbe busy incontribute tothank you forapologize forforgive for have a good/wonderful/hard time (in)prevent / keep / stop from have difficulty / trouble (in) do
6、ingMy father is used to _ (go) to bed late and _ (get) up very early. Im looking forward to _ (receive) your reply.3. 有些动词如：start, begin, continue等既可以接动词-ing形式也可以接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。4. 在love, like, hate, prefer等动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作，用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。5.下列动词后接动词-ing形式或不定式都可以，但意思不同。forget remember stop trym
7、ean regret cant help go onI remember _ (meet) her at a party once. I want to try _ (play) soccer this spring.6. 下列动词可接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。need/want/require/deserve doing= need/want/require/deserve to be donee.g. The bike needs _ (repair).在be worth结构中后面只能用动词-ing形式的主动语态来表示被动意义。e.g. His sug
8、gestion is worth _ (consider).三、动词-ing形式作定语1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如： building materials = materials _ building 建筑材料 a walking stick = a stick _ walking 手杖 tiring music = music _ is tiring 烦人的音乐 a surprising result = a result _ is surprising 一个惊人的结果2. -ing形式短语作定语时
9、, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：They lived in a room _ (face) the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. The man _ (stand) there is Peters father. = The man who is standing there is Peters father. 四、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语1. 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。如： When we returned
10、 to the school, we found a stranger _ (stand) at the entrance. 2. 能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。如：We saw a light _ (burn) in the window. I felt somebody _ (pat) me on the shoulder. 2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catc
11、h, leave等。如： I cant get the clock _ (go) again. Im sorry to have kept you _ (wait). 3. see, hear, feel, watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。如:We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher _ (make) the experiment.We sat an hour and watched the teacher _ (make) the expe
12、riment. 五、动词-ing形式作表语动词-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。Her hobby is _. 她的业余爱好是画画。My job is _ the children. 我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。The news is quite _. 这消息很令人震惊。六、动词-ing形式作状语动词-ing形式作状语可表示时间、条件、原因、结果、方式、让步或伴随情况等，其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语一致，动词-ing形式所表示的动作与主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。 说出下列各句中动词-ing形式表示什么状语。1) Using your hea
13、d, youll find a good way. _2) Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. _3) Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set. _4) He came running back to tell me the news. _5) (When) Hearing the news, he got frightened. _6) The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door. _ 动
14、词-ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作_。_ (finish) his homework, David went to bed._ (live) there for ten years, I knew the place very well.动词-ing形式的否定形式常在其前面加_。_ (not see) Susan, I asked where she was._ (not have) done it right, he tried again. Time permitting, I will pay a visit to the whole city. (分词的逻辑主语是ti
15、me, 而句子的主语是I, 两者不构成主谓关系, 所以只能用独立主格结构, 也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。)e.g. I _ (wait) for the bus, a bird fell on my head.All the tickets _ (sell) out, they went away disappointedly. It _ (be) Sunday, there are no students in the school. 有些动词-ing形式在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的独立成分来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：Generally speaking 一般
16、来说；judging by/from 从判断；considering/taking into consideration/account 考虑到 e.g. _ (judge) from / by his accent, he comes from the south.非谓语动词巩固练习题解题思路 解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的功能（如状语、定语或宾补）； 找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系（主动还是被动）； 搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式；I 用所给词的适当形式填空。1The great hall was crowded with many peo
17、ple, _ (include) many children _(seat) on their parents laps.2. Its said that the Olympic Games _ (hold) in London in 2012 covered more events than any other Olympics had done.3. There _ (be) no rain for a long time, most of the crops in this area died from lacking water.4. Yesterday a street-beggar
18、 bought a lottery ticket purposelessly, _ (make) him a millionaire overnight.5. In the face of the big fire in October in California, many people in the fire-stricken areas moved outto escape _ (burn). 6. Taking this medicine, if _ (continue), will of course do good to his health.7. The little boy s
19、till needs the _ (remain) 20 dollars to dowith some things remaining_ (settle).8. _ (consider) his age, the little boy reads quite well.9. _ (judge) from the appearance, it is very peaceful, but in fact, a war will break out soon.10. Nobody enjoys _ (criticize) in the presence of others.11The Space
20、Shuttle Columbia broke into pieces over Texas as it returned to the earth on February 1, 2003, _ (kill) all seven astronauts aboard.12 Dont sit there _ (do) nothing. Come and help me with this table.13. I was afraid_ (talk) back to my customers because I was afraid of_(lose) them.14. I cant get my c
21、ar _ (run) on cold mornings, so I have to try filling the radiator with some hot water.15. The drunken husband knocked against the table and sent the bowls _ (fly) in all directions before he was sent to sleep by his wife.16. When we got back from the cinema, we found the lamp _ (burn) on but the do
22、or _ (shut).17. We found the students seated at tables and had their eyes _ (fix) on the scene of the launch of Shenzhou V spaceship.18. A doctor can expect _ (call) at any hour of the day or night.19. The policeman came up to the lonely house with the door open, _ (stand) there for a while and then
23、 entered it.20. Mr. Smith was much surprised to find the watch he had had _ (repair) was nowhere to be seen.II单句改错1.A lot of money has been spent to buy the book.2.You will have to pay the cost of send a postcard.3.What he did was puzzled.4.I will spend a week reading and prepare for the examination
24、.5.Charles and Linda do all of these things as well as climbed buildings.6.Yesterday I had my bad tooth pulling out.7.I heard her singing a song which moved me to tears.8.I made a terrible mistake. I regretted not to take your advice.9.When we reached the top of the mountain, we stopped having a res
25、t before we went down the mountain.10.Therell be a good film tonight, remember seeing it on time!11.The game was over, she went home.12.When speaking, you must make yourself hear.13.She pretended not seeing me when I came in.14.Abraham Lincoln was considered being one of the greatest of all American
26、 presidents.15.Following by the officers, the general inspected the army.16.There is something wrong with my computer, and it needs repaired.17.Dont burn the falling leaves on the ground.18.Losing in thought, he almost ran into a car in front of him.19.I enjoy to listen to the classic music.20.Judge
27、 by what he wears, he is a farmer.答案主语，宾语，表语，宾语补足语，定语，状语doing being donehaving done having been doneReading Going getting crying asking paying going getting receivingMeeting playing repairing/to be repaired considering for for that/whichthat/which facing standing standing burning patting going waiti
28、ngmaking make painting looking after shocking 条件 伴随 原因 方式 时间，可以在分词前保留when 结果 之前 Having finished Having lived notNot seeing Not having waiting having been sold being Judging1. including; seated 2. held 3. being. 4making 5. being burned 6. continued 7. remaining; to be settled8Considering 9. Judging 1
29、0. being criticized 11. killing12 doing 13. to talk; losing 14. running 15. flying; 16. burning; shut 17. fixed 18. to be called 19 stood 20. repaired【答案与解析】1.to buy改为buying。2.send改为sending。介词of后要求用动名词作宾语。3.puzzled改为puzzling。puzzling表示“令人疑惑不解的”意思。4.prepare改为preparing。preparing和前面的 reading是并列结构。5.cli
30、mbed改为climbing。as well as是介词短语，后面接动名词或名词。6.pulling改为pulled。have the tooth pulled out表示“请人拔牙”的意思。7.singing改为sing。从后面可以看出来，“我”听完了整首歌曲，强调动作的全过程，用不定式作宾补。8.to take改为taking。用动名词表示对已发生过的事情的后悔。9.having改为to have。stop的目的是have a rest。10.seeing改为to see。还未看电影。11.was改为being。独立主格结构。12.hear改为heard。make oneself hear
31、d意为“使别人听到自己的话”。13.seeing改为to see。pretend后面要求接不定式作宾语。14.being改为to be。consider后用不定式作宾补。15.following改为followed。过去分词表被动。16.repaired 改为repairing。动名词主动形式，表被动意义。17.falling改为fallen。过去分词作定语，强调动作的完成。18.losing改为lost。be lost in thought 表示“陷入深思”。19.to listen改为listening。enjoy后面用动名词作宾语。20.Judge改为Judging。Judging by为一固定说法。