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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 非谓语和谓语一、区分谓语和非谓语谓语 谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主语之后，说明主语“是什么”或者“做什么”，或表明主语的状态。谓语由简单动词或动词短语（助动词或情态动词主要动词）构成。 （谓语必修注意时态、语态和主谓一致）1简单谓语 (1). What happened? 发生了什么事？ (2). He worked hard all day today. 他今天苦干了一天。 (3). The plane took off at ten oclock. 飞机是十点起飞的。 2.复合谓语可分为两种情况： 第一种
2、是由，+不带to的构成的复合谓语： What does this word mean? I wont do it again. Ill go and move away the bag of rice with Lin Tao. Youd better catch a bus. 第二种是由+表语构成的复合谓语。例如： You look the same. We are all here. The weather gets warmer, and the days get longer. Keep quite and listen to me. He looked worried. We hav
3、e to be up early in the morning. Note:一个英语句子就有一套主谓结构；如果是从句，则至少有两套主谓结构，每套要求主语和谓语在时态和人称上要一致。祈使句无主语。非谓语动词在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式： to do, doing 和done. 非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to doto have doneto be doing被动to be doneto have been doneing 形式主动doinghaving done被动being donehaving been done过去分
4、词被动done非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。3、判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。4、判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。找出下列句中的动词非谓语，并注意他们在句子中充当的成分。To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.To lose your heart means failure. Her job is to clean the ha
5、ll. Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.He found a good house to live in. The child has nothing to worry about.He worked day and night to get the money. She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. Reading is important in learning English. Looking after the patient is a nurses job.
6、 He slept in the sleeping bag. Hearing their teachers voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.（= On hearing their teachers voice = When they heard their teachers voice, the pupilsDont be careless when /while having an exam. = Dont be careless in having an exam. = Dont be careless when / while you
7、are having an exam.Not knowing how towork out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help. = Because he didnt know how to Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. = , which caused the delay.He is apromisingyoung man.Make less noise. Theres asleepingchild.The yo
8、ung mansitting between John and Maryis the editor of the campus newspaper.= The young man who sits between is the . Thosewishing to join this clubshould sign here.(=Those who wish to join the club should sign here.)The book is interesting and Im interested in it.The concert given by their friends wa
9、s a success.Written in a hurry, this article was not so good!Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词,构成连词+过去分词结构作状语.When given a medical examinatio
10、n, you should keep calm.The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. I .先对比，再做题。1. Gentlemen always shake hands when they are introduced to each other.2. Gentlemen always shake hands when introduced to each other.3. While we were walking in the street, we met some friends of our
11、s.4 While walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.5. The old man walked slowly. He was supported by his little grandson.6 Supported by his little grandson, the old man walked slowly. 7 . The ground which is covered with white snow looks very beautiful.8 The ground covered with white snow
12、looks very beautiful.9. There is a tall tree which covers the entrance to the cave. 10 There is a tall tree covering the entrance to the cave.11. The worker wrote to the police and _ (disclose) who _(steal) the money. 12 The worker wrote to the police, _ (disclose) who _(steal) the money.13. Look ro
13、und when you (cross) the street.14 Look round when (cross) the street.15. When she (hear) the news, she burst into laughter.16 (hear) the news, she burst into laughter.II. 完成句子(非谓语)。1 Around the end of the first century, a Roman writer _(call) Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption .2 One pe
14、rson,_(sit) alone, looks like he is praying.3 Anne was brought in _(help) Helen.4Her first goal was _(stop) Helens troublesome behaviour.5 Helen would have to learn to understand words _(spell) on her hand.6 The word “think” was such a difficult one for Helen but she had a breakthrough while _(work)
15、 on a simple task.7 He makes an attempt _(eat) it, but it is clear from the look on his face that he finds the taste truly _(disgust).8 He smiles and nods, _(indicate) everything is fine.9 When he looks at the menu, an _(astonish) look swiftly appears on his face.10 Uncertain about how to fix them,
16、she stopped _(think).III、用动词的适当形式填空(含谓语非谓语)1. During the summer holiday of 2005, I _ (think) I should do something meaningful instead of _(stay) at home and _(watch) TV.2. I got a job at a KFC fast food restaurant and _(work) there as a cleaner.3. After all, I _(stick) to it with my determination at
17、 that time.4. No one can avoid _(influence) by advertisements.5. Radio, television and computers have made it possible for advertisements _(attract) the attention of millions of people.6. Meanwhile, _(make) an advertisement, a lot of people will have to work together.7. In a word, _(advertise) is an
18、 important business.8. About fifty American students will come _(visit) our school on October 22nd.9. We must _(talk) with them in English.10. Please _(be) friendly and courteous to them.11. I have received your letter and Im glad _(give) you some suggestions.12. Fist of all, dont be _(disappoint).1
19、3. Many students find it difficult _(write) well.14. In my opinion, if you want _(improve) your writing, you should do the _(follow) things.15. Then youll be able _(use) them correctly yourself.16. So, in order _(write) well, you must learn _(read) a lot.17. Finally, youd better _(recite) some good
20、passages.18. Im sure you can improve your _(write) English.19. I _(study) English for six years.20. I am good at both _(operate) a PC and English.21. I can read, write, _(listen) to and speak English.22. Im _(interest) in the position of a secretary.23. I want very much _(accept) by your company.24.
21、 55% of the students think they should take exercise every day, such as _ (do) morning exercises _(play) ping-pong and basketball.25. 45% believe _(take) exercise is a waste of time and it is _(tire).26. After _(have) sports, they are much too _(excite) for a long time to pay attention to their less
22、ons.27. Its possible _(get) hurt in sports.28. _(see) from the hill, our school looks very beautiful.29. The book, _(write) in 1975, is still popular now.IV、 改写下列句子,其划线部分改为分词短语1. As she was still rather weak, she could not stay up for too long.2. Gentlemen always shake hands when they are introduced
23、 to each other.3. A cold rain was falling. It was mixed with snow.4. While we were walking in the street, we met some friends of ours.5. The old man walked slowly. He was supported by his little grandson.6. The ground which is covered with white snow looks very beautiful.7. There is a tall tree whic
24、h covers the entrance to the cave.8. The worker wrote to the police and disclosed who stole the money.9. Look round when you cross the street.10. When she heard the news, she burst into laughter.V. 课本再现1 Jody Williams helped found an international campaign _ (stop) the making of landmine.2 As a youn
25、g girl, she always wanted _ (study) animals.3 She worked hard _ (make) as many countries as possible not to use them.4. _(Watch) a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. 5 This means _(go) back to the place where we left the family _(sleep) in a tree the night before.6 She spent
26、years _(observe) and _(record) their daily activities.7 When she first _(arrive) in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman _ ( live) in the forest.8 This special strain of rice makes it possible _ ( produce) onethird more of the crop in the same fields.9 _(bear出生) in 1930, Dr Yuan _ (graduate) fr
27、om Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Since then, _(find) ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.10 At that time，hunger was a _(disturb) problem in many parts of the countryside. Dr Yuan searched for a way _( increase) rice harvests without _ (expand) the area of the fields.11 _(Use) his
28、 hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.12 Dr Yuan is quite _ (satisfy) with his life. However, he doesnt care about _( famous).13 He enjoys _(listen) to violin music, _(play) mahjong, _(swim) and reading. _(Spend) money on himself or leading a comfortable life also mean
29、s very little to him.14 He made people laugh at a time when they felt _(depress), so they could _(feel) more content with their lives.15 You may find it _(astonish) that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.16 Unfortunately his father died, _(leave)
30、 the family even worse off, so Charlie spent his childhood _(look) after his sick mother and his brother.VI. 练习再现1. A greeting card is usually _1_ (design) either to be beautiful or meaningful or funny.2. Some people would like to buy a greeting card while others prefer _5_ (make) a card by themselv
31、es3. .Whatever he is called，he is still the same short, fat, jolly old man with a long beard，_29_ (wear) a red suit with white fur.4. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation，_10_ (close) my book and walked away.5. If we keep on _33_ (try)，we shall be sure to
32、conquer and overcome every difficulty we meet with.6. The earth is not the only body that _26_ (travel) around the sun.7. Every year，the company my wife works for _1_(host) a Christmas dinner party at a local restaurant.8. What used to be an enjoyable meal with some employees has become a large，drun
33、ken event _2_ _ (last) late into the night.9. So, they have no trouble _33_ (live) in the darkness.10. Actually, it was the first time that he _(take) a train.11. Seeing this, the old man _(sit) next to him was curious about what he did.12. One of the simplest ways to be humorous is _ (learn) some g
34、ood jokes. 13. People _(say) to have a sense of humor when they joke around a lot . 14. After _(take) out part of the coins, I thanked him and promised that I would use them wisely.15. I didnt understand what he _(mean), so he explained it to me.16. Keeping a diary shouldnt become a _(tire) job. I 1
35、1.disclosed , had stolen, 12 disclosing, had stolen 13 cross14 crossing 15 heard16 hearingII. 1 called 2 sitting 3 to help 4 to stop 5 spelt 6 working 7 to eat, disgusting 8 indicating 9 astonished 10 to think III 1 thought ,staying ,watching2 worked 3 stuck 4 being influenced 5 to attract 6 to make
36、 7 advertising 8 to visit 9 talk 10 be 11 to give 12 disappointed 13 to write14 to improve , following 15 to use 16 to write, to read, 17 recite 18 written 19 have studies/ have been studying 20. operating 21 . listen 22. interested 23. to be accepted 24. doing, playing. 25 taking , tiring 26. havin
37、g ,excited 27 to get 28 Seen 29 writtenIV. Being still rather weak, she could not stay 2. when introduced to each other3 A cold rain, mixed with snow, was falling.4. While walking , 5. Supported by his little grandson, the old man .6. The ground covered with white snow looks very beautiful. 7 . Ther
38、e is a tall tree covering 8 The worker wrote to the police, disclosing who stole the meney.9 Look around when crossing the street.10 When hearing the news, she .V. 1 to stop 2 to study 3 to make 4, Watching 5 going sleep 6 observing , recording, 7 arrived to live 8 to produce 9 Born graduated , find
39、ing, 10 disturbing , to increase, expanding, 11 Using 12 satisfied being famous 13 listening ,playing , swimming, Spending 14. depressed , feel 15 astonishing 16 leaving, looking VI designed 2 to make 3. wearing 4. closed 5 trying 6 travels 7 hosts 8 lasting 9 living 10 had taken 11 sitting 12 to learn / learning 13 are said 14 taking 15 meant 16 tiring 专心-专注-专业